Ben Thompson

epal is one of the hilliest countries in the world. Most of the population live in remote areas， hours from the nearest town or shop. Farmers have to cut in to the hillside to make fields. Growing enough food to live on is a real challenge.

尼泊爾是世界上最多山的國(guó)家之一，大多數(shù)尼泊爾人住在偏僻山區(qū)，離最近的城鎮(zhèn)或商店有好幾個(gè)小時(shí)的路程。山里的農(nóng)民需要開(kāi)山獲取農(nóng)田。對(duì)他們來(lái)說(shuō)，靠種糧食來(lái)養(yǎng)活自己不是一件容易的事。

“Education brings miracles wherever it goes，” sing the children. Those who were unable to get education before are now able to get education because of*school meals. Many of these children come to school on an empty stomach.

Teacher： Good morning.

Students： Good morning， sir. Teacher： Sit down.

Students： Thank you， sir.

This is 12-year-old Hamah. Shes having her science class. Up to 30 children sit crammed onto wooden benches in tiny classrooms. Theyve got four hours of lessons before they get their school lunch.

The food is grown here in Nepal， and begins its journey in the south in the fertile Terai region. Its transported in trucks along dusty winding roads. The United Nations World Food Program have been delivering sacks of food to schools in this area for the past 16 years. Its a difficult and dangerous job. It takes two days of non-stop driving.

Ninety-five thousand children in this part of Nepal need a school lunch each day， so its all hooves on deck for the last part of the journey. Each mule carries four sacks of food. It takes another three days of trekking just to reach the schools.

“教育給所到之處帶來(lái)奇跡，”孩子們?cè)诟柚谐?。這些從前不能上學(xué)的孩子們由于有了學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐，現(xiàn)在有了受教育的機(jī)會(huì)。他們當(dāng)中的許多人每天是餓著肚子來(lái)上學(xué)的。

老師：早上好。

眾學(xué)生：老師，早上好。老師：坐下。

眾學(xué)生：謝謝老師。

這位是12歲的哈瑪，她正在上科學(xué)課。小小的課室里三十名學(xué)生擠坐在長(zhǎng)木凳上，他們要先上四個(gè)小時(shí)的課才可以吃上學(xué)校提供的營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐。

學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐的食物產(chǎn)自尼泊爾本土，它的行程從尼泊爾南部富庶的臺(tái)拉地區(qū)開(kāi)始，滿載糧食的卡車(chē)沿著塵土飛揚(yáng)的蜿蜒公路行駛。聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食計(jì)劃署給這個(gè)地區(qū)的學(xué)校運(yùn)送糧食已經(jīng)有16年了，這是一項(xiàng)艱苦且非常危險(xiǎn)的工作，車(chē)需要連續(xù)行駛整整兩天。

在尼泊爾的這個(gè)地區(qū)，有九萬(wàn)五千個(gè)孩子每天都需要吃上一頓學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐，現(xiàn)在騾子都準(zhǔn)備好走最后的一程了。每只騾子都要馱四袋糧食，長(zhǎng)途跋涉走上三天才能到達(dá)學(xué)校。

Each sack contains a cereal mixed with 18 extra vitamins and minerals. It gets mixed together with a type of fat called “Ghee.” Its heated over a smokey fire in the school kitchen.

The malnutrition rate amongst children in Nepal is high at 41%. But in hill areas like this， its far worse at 60%. For many of these kids， the school lunch is the only proper meal theyll get all day.

Girl： （via translator） Sometimes Im so hungry I want to go home， but I stay for my school lunch. Reporter： So， for you， why is the food so important when you come to school？

Hamah： （via translator） I like the school meals very much. It helps me concentrate in class. Im really happy to get a meal at school. If I didnt get a school meal， I wouldnt be coming to school.

After school， Hamah sits with her Dad as he makes supper. He uses cooking oil thats given to Hamah if she achieves 80% attendance at school. Its part of a world food programme incentive to keep girls in education.

每個(gè)袋里裝的是混合了18種維生素與礦物質(zhì)的谷類食物，這些東西與一種叫“酥油”的脂肪混在一起，然后在學(xué)校廚房冒著黑煙的火上加熱。

在尼泊爾，孩子的營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良率為41%，但在像這樣的山區(qū)，比例高達(dá)60%。對(duì)這些孩子當(dāng)中的許多人來(lái)說(shuō)，在學(xué)校吃的這頓營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐是他們一天里可以吃到的真正的一餐。

女孩：（通過(guò)翻譯）有的時(shí)候我太餓了，我都想回家了，但我還是留下來(lái)，因?yàn)橄氤詫W(xué)校的午餐。

記者：為什么食物對(duì)你來(lái)上學(xué)這么重要呢？

哈瑪：（通過(guò)翻譯）我很喜歡學(xué)校的這一餐，它可以幫助我在課堂上集中精神?？梢栽趯W(xué)校吃到一餐，我很開(kāi)心。如果不是因?yàn)橛袑W(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐，我就不會(huì)來(lái)上學(xué)了。

放學(xué)后，哈瑪陪坐在父親身邊，他正在做晚餐。他用的食用油是哈瑪帶回來(lái)的，如果她在學(xué)校的出勤率達(dá)到80%，她就可以拿到這些油。這是世界糧食計(jì)劃署項(xiàng)目的一部分，目的就是用這種激勵(lì)方式讓女孩子可以繼續(xù)接受教育。

Father： （via translator） As long as I can， I will try to educate Hamah. If things get really hard， she might have to stop going to school and work in the fields instead.

And thats the case for most of these families. For many， the only thing that persuades parents to keep their children in school is knowing theyll get at least one good meal a day.

Teacher： （via translator） If there were no school meals， there wouldnt be many children at school. Theyd go to work in the hills. When I started work here there were only 22 students. Now there are 170 because of school meals.

The cooking oil scheme has had a massive impact too. Before， there were no girls at this school. Now there are 87.

Its a slow process， but the hope is that， in the long run， it will enable families， like Hamahs， to grow enough food to eat， some extra to sell， and， eventually， support themselves.

父親：（通過(guò)翻譯）只要我有這個(gè)能力，我就會(huì)讓哈瑪上學(xué)。但如果情況實(shí)在不好，她可能就得輟學(xué)，到地里干活。

這里的大多數(shù)家庭都面臨這種局面。對(duì)許多家庭來(lái)說(shuō)，家長(zhǎng)讓孩子繼續(xù)上學(xué)的惟一原因是知道孩子一天至少可以在學(xué)校吃上一頓好的。

老師：（通過(guò)翻譯）如果沒(méi)有學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐，來(lái)上學(xué)的學(xué)生就不會(huì)有這么多，孩子們會(huì)到山上勞作。我剛來(lái)這里教書(shū)時(shí)，學(xué)校里只有22名學(xué)生；現(xiàn)在因?yàn)橛辛藢W(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐，學(xué)生增加到170名。

聯(lián)合國(guó)的食用油計(jì)劃影響力也非常大。這所學(xué)校以前是沒(méi)有女學(xué)生的，現(xiàn)在有87名之多。

這一切是一個(gè)緩慢的過(guò)程，但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)看，希望這個(gè)計(jì)劃能讓像哈瑪這樣的家庭自己種植的糧食可以夠自己吃，還能有一些盈余賣(mài)出去，漸漸地，他們可以自給自足。

文化交流站

學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐

由聯(lián)合國(guó)世界糧食計(jì)劃署開(kāi)展的學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐（School Meals）是一個(gè)全球性的項(xiàng)目，在發(fā)展中國(guó)家開(kāi)展?fàn)I養(yǎng)餐項(xiàng)目已經(jīng)有50年的時(shí)間。根據(jù)調(diào)查顯示，約有3.68億兒童——幾乎是5名兒童當(dāng)中就有一名——在169個(gè)發(fā)展中國(guó)家和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家中接受學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐的援助。學(xué)校營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐在全世界獲得的捐款總額已達(dá)750億美元，其中大部分來(lái)自各國(guó)政府撥款。

在2012年，世界糧食計(jì)劃署為63個(gè)國(guó)家中的2470萬(wàn)兒童提供營(yíng)養(yǎng)餐或零食，同時(shí)為130萬(wàn)女童和50萬(wàn)男孩提供帶回家的口糧——以此方式對(duì)家境貧寒，但仍送子女接受教育的家庭鼓勵(lì)，而不是盲目地指派這些家庭去農(nóng)田、工廠或在家做工以獲得收入。

從2009年開(kāi)始，世界糧食計(jì)劃署開(kāi)始在尼泊爾啟動(dòng)新項(xiàng)目，每月向女孩上學(xué)出勤率高的家庭提供兩升的食用油，旨在提高女孩子的入學(xué)率。