雷德英
(四川省樂至縣中醫(yī)醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科,四川 樂至 641500)
現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)
甾體類藥物治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥效果觀察
雷德英
(四川省樂至縣中醫(yī)醫(yī)院婦產(chǎn)科,四川 樂至 641500)
目的:觀察甾體類藥物米非司酮治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥的療效。方法:92例子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥患者,均行開腹手術(shù)剔除異位囊腫,術(shù)后隨機(jī)分為兩組。觀察組46例給予米非司酮治療,對照組46例給予孕三烯酮治療,療程均為6個月,隨訪6~24個月,觀察兩組患者治療前后癥狀、體征、妊娠率及不良反應(yīng)。結(jié)果:觀察組治愈31例,有效12例,無效3例,復(fù)發(fā)3例,總有效率93.48%,復(fù)發(fā)率6.52%。對照組治愈31例,有效13例,復(fù)發(fā)2例,無效2例,總有效率95.65%,復(fù)發(fā)率4.35%。兩組總有效率比較無顯著性差異,(P>0.05)。觀察組不良反應(yīng)9例(19.57%),不良反應(yīng)分別為陰道不規(guī)則出血、轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高;對照組發(fā)生不良反應(yīng)46例(100%),不良反應(yīng)除陰道不規(guī)則出血、轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高外,主要為雄性激素作用產(chǎn)生的體重、體毛增加及痤瘡。兩組不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率比較具有顯著性差異,(P<0.05)。結(jié)論:甾體類藥物米非司酮是治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥較理想藥物,使用后,可使子宮內(nèi)膜萎縮,在確保治療效果、緩解癥狀的同時不良反應(yīng)少,可作為治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥的首選藥物。
甾體類藥物;米非司酮;子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥
2009年3月至2010年3月我們將92例子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥患者隨機(jī)分為兩組,在手術(shù)剔除異味囊腫后,分別給予甾體類藥物米非司酮與孕三烯酮治療,報道如下。
92例隨機(jī)分為兩組。觀察組46例,年齡21~41歲、平均(32.5±21.5)歲,合并不孕26例。對照組46例,年齡21~42歲、平均(33.5±22.5)歲,合并不孕25例。兩組年齡,手術(shù)后病理分期等比較無顯著性差異(P>0.05)。兩組術(shù)后病理分期見表1。
表1 兩組手術(shù)后病理分期比較 例(%)
臨床表現(xiàn)為程度不同的痛經(jīng)、性交痛、慢性盆腔痛。開腹手術(shù)后均病理檢查證實為子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥,且術(shù)前3個月未服用過激素類藥物,實驗室檢查心、肝、腎功能及血尿常規(guī)指標(biāo)無異常。排除惡性腫瘤、糖尿病、高血壓患者。
手術(shù)方法:術(shù)者一手握住卵巢子宮內(nèi)膜異位囊腫,另一手在卵巢與囊腫分界處環(huán)繞卵巢作切口,其深度達(dá)結(jié)締組織層。用刀刃推刮卵巢與囊腫之間的粘連組織。在推刮過程中若遇到粘連牢固的纖維條索可作謹(jǐn)慎切割。
觀察組術(shù)后給予甾體類藥物米非司酮,12.5mg,每日1次,口服,療程6個月。對照組術(shù)后給予孕三烯酮,2.5mg,1周2次,口服,療程6個月。
治愈:無盆腔包塊,體檢無陽性體征,癥狀消失。有效:體檢無陽性體征,無盆腔包塊,癥狀減輕。無效:體檢有陽性體征,發(fā)現(xiàn)盆腔包塊,癥狀減輕不明顯。復(fù)發(fā):再次出現(xiàn)癥狀或B超檢測有盆腔包塊。
觀察組治愈31例,有效12例,無效3例,復(fù)發(fā)3例,總有效率93.48%,復(fù)發(fā)率6.52%。對照組治愈31例,有效13例,無效2例,復(fù)發(fā)2例,總有效率95.65%,復(fù)發(fā)率4.35%,兩組比較無顯著性差異(P>0.05)。兩組不良反應(yīng)見表2。
表2 兩組治療后不良反應(yīng)比較 例(%)
具有生長功能的子宮內(nèi)膜出現(xiàn)在子宮腔被覆黏膜以外的機(jī)體其他部位時,統(tǒng)稱子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥[1]。發(fā)生內(nèi)膜異位的部位主要有卵巢、其它盆腔器官、宮骶韌帶、腹壁切口等,卵巢子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥囊腫是臨床最常見類型,約占子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥的80%[1],還有部分發(fā)生在會陰、小腸等處[2]。子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥的高發(fā)人群是青年婦女,最突出的臨床表現(xiàn)為痛經(jīng)、不孕等[3,4]。子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥可采用外科手術(shù)治療與藥物保守治療[5],但手術(shù)后復(fù)發(fā)率較高,據(jù)統(tǒng)計,復(fù)發(fā)率超過25%[6]。手術(shù)后給予藥物治療可減少復(fù)發(fā)[7]。
目前用于治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥的藥物很多,如孕三烯酮、GnRH-a[8,9]、丹那唑、米非司酮等。孕三烯酮有抗孕激素和抗雌激素作用,療效與丹那唑相近,副作用相對丹那唑低,具有高雄激素癥狀。GnRH-a價格昂貴。米非司酮于上世紀(jì)90年代初用于治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥[10],藥理作用是結(jié)合孕酮受體以及糖皮質(zhì)激素受體,通過多個環(huán)節(jié)使病灶萎縮,疼痛緩解,由于米非司酮無孕激素、雄激素、雌激素及抗雌激素,因此不良反應(yīng)較小。觀察結(jié)果顯示,觀察組不良反應(yīng)9例、發(fā)生率為19.57%,不良反應(yīng)分別為陰道不規(guī)則出血、轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高。對照組發(fā)生不良反應(yīng)46例、發(fā)生率100%,不良反應(yīng)除陰道不規(guī)則出血、轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高外,主要為雄性激素作用產(chǎn)生的體重、體毛增加及痤瘡。因此,甾體類藥物米非司酮是治療子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥較理想的藥物。
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The observation of the effect for steroidal anti-drug in the treatment of endometriosis
Leide Ying
(Sichuan Province Lezhi Chinese Medicine Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology 641500 china)
Objective:To observe the efficacy of steroidal drug mifepristone in the treatment of endometriosis.Method:92 cases of endometriosis patients from March 2009 to March 2010 were chosen as the research object.All patients were with laparoscopic surgery.They were randomly divided into two groups,the observation group of 46 patients was given steroids mifepristone treatment,and the control group of 46 cases was treated with gestrinone treatment.The course was of 6 months,all patients were followed up for 6~24 months,and the symptoms,signs,pregnancy rate and side effects for the two groups of patients before and after treatment were observed.Results:There were 31 cases cured,12 cases was effective in the observation group,the total efficiency rate was 93.48%.The invalid and recurrence was in three cases,the recurrence rate was 6.52%.There were 31 cases cured,13 cases effective in the control group,and the total efficiency rate was 95.65%.The relapse and ineffective was in two cases,the recurrence rate was 4.35%,there was no significant difference between the two groups,and there was not statistically significant,P>0.05.There were nine cases of adverse reactions in the observation group,and the incidence rate was 19.57%.The adverse effects were of irregular bleeding,transaminase increased.The adverse reactions in the control group was 46 cases,the incidence of adverse reactions was 100%.In addition to irregular bleeding,elevated aminotransferases the role of the male hormone,body weight,body hair and acne,the difference was significant,there was statistically significant P<0.05.Conclusion:The steroidal drug mifepristone is the better drug for the treatment of endometriosis.After treatment for the patents,the endometrial is shriveled.At the time of ensuring the treatment effect,alleviating the side effects,the clinical symptoms significantly reduced.It can be used as the first choice for the treatment of endometriosis.
steroidal drugs;mifepristone;endometriosis
R711.71
B
1004-2814(2013)01-044-02
2012-07-20