張 帆, 錢偉茂
(1.湖州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院,浙江湖州 313000;2.湖州廣播電視大學(xué),浙江湖州 313000)
幾何、調(diào)和平均組合的最佳廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均界*
張 帆1, 錢偉茂2
(1.湖州職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)院,浙江湖州 313000;2.湖州廣播電視大學(xué),浙江湖州 313000)
應(yīng)用初等微分學(xué)知識(shí),對(duì)幾何平均、調(diào)和平均的幾何組合與廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均進(jìn)行了比較,解決了如下問(wèn)題:對(duì)于 α∈(0,1),使雙向不等式 Lp(a,b)≤Gα(a,b)H1-α(a,b)≤Lq(a,b)對(duì)所有的 a,b >0 成立的最大 p 和最小q分別是多少?
不等式;廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均;幾何平均;調(diào)和平均
對(duì)固定的a,b>0和a≠b,Lp(a,b)關(guān)于p∈R是連續(xù)和嚴(yán)格遞增的.特別地,文獻(xiàn)[1-9]從廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均Lp(a,b)中發(fā)現(xiàn)了許多著名的不等式.廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均甚至在經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、物理學(xué)、氣象學(xué)中也有應(yīng)用[10-12].若記2個(gè)正數(shù)a,b的算術(shù)平均、幾何平均、指數(shù)平均、對(duì)數(shù)平均和調(diào)和平均分別為A(a,b)=則有著名的不等式
文獻(xiàn)[13-15]得到了如下不等式:
對(duì)所有 a,b>0,a≠b成立.
1986 年,Alzer證明了如下不等式[16]:
對(duì)所有 a,b>0,a≠b成立.
下面2個(gè)結(jié)論由Alzer等[17]給出:
定理1[17]不等式
定理 2[17]設(shè) a,b 是實(shí)數(shù)且 a≠b.若0 <a,b <e,則
若 a,b≥e,則
本文的目的是解決如下問(wèn)題:對(duì)于α∈(0,1),使雙向不等式
對(duì)所有a,b>0成立的最大p和最小q分別是多少?
引理1當(dāng)t>1時(shí),設(shè)f(t)則
證明 由f(t)的定義得:
式(3)中:
由式(2)~式(6)和式(8)可知,當(dāng)t>1時(shí),f(t)>0.
由式(2)~式(6)和式(9)可知,當(dāng)t>1時(shí),f(t)<0.引理1證畢.
引理2當(dāng)t>1時(shí),設(shè)h(t)=則
證明 由h(t)的定義得:
式(11)中:
由式(10)~式(13)及式(15)知,當(dāng)t>1時(shí),h(t)<0.
由式(10)~式(13)及式(16)知,當(dāng)t>1時(shí),h(t)>0.
定理3若 α∈(0,1),則對(duì)所有 a,b>0,有:
2)若 a=b,則由式(1)得,對(duì)?α∈(0,1),
由引理1得:
情形1α∈對(duì)?ε∈(0,1),?x∈(0,1),由式(1)得
式(17)中,
設(shè)x→0,利用泰勒展開式得
情形2α∈對(duì)于?ε∈(0,4 -3α),?x∈(0,1),由式(1)有
式(21)中,
設(shè)x→0,利用泰勒展開式,有
另一方面,對(duì)于?ε>0,有:
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Optimal generalized logarithmic mean bounds for the combination of geometric and harmonic means
ZHANG Fan1,QIAN Weimao2
(1.Huzhou Vocational& Technical College,Huzhou Zhejiang 313000,China;2.Huzhou Broadcast and TV University,Huzhou Zhejiang 313000,China)
It was compared the generalized logarithmic mean with the geometric combination of geometric and harmonic means by the elementary differential calculus.It was discussed for α∈(0,1),the greatest value p and the least value q,such that the inequality Lp(a,b) ≤Gα(a,b)H1-α(a,b) ≤Lq(a,b)held for all a,b>0.
inequality;generalized logarithmic mean;geometric mean;harmonic mean
O178
A
0 引言
2012-04-27
浙江廣播電視大學(xué)2009年度科學(xué)研究課題(XKT09G21);湖州市自然科學(xué)基金資助項(xiàng)目(2012C50008)
張 帆(1977-),男,浙江湖州人,講師.研究方向:不等式理論及應(yīng)用.
1001-5051(2012)03-0252-06
(責(zé)任編輯 陶立方)
對(duì)于p∈R,關(guān)于2個(gè)正數(shù)a,b的廣義對(duì)數(shù)平均定義為