建筑設(shè)計(jì)：BIG

現(xiàn)代的地域性

深圳的熱帶氣候特征需要全新的辦公樓設(shè)計(jì)方案。我們面臨的挑戰(zhàn)是，如何在一個(gè)熱帶氣候條件下創(chuàng)建舒適的工作環(huán)境，同時(shí)減少能源消耗。典型的現(xiàn)代辦公樓構(gòu)筑做法通用于全世界，它的優(yōu)點(diǎn)是有著實(shí)用的樓層布置以及經(jīng)濟(jì)的結(jié)構(gòu)體系。但是，在熱帶氣候條件下，玻璃幕墻立面往往會(huì)導(dǎo)致使用空調(diào)帶來(lái)的大量能源消耗，帶有涂層的窗戶(hù)也使視野受到一定影響。要在這種條件下?tīng)I(yíng)造舒適的工作環(huán)境，應(yīng)該具有以下兩個(gè)條件：避免直射太陽(yáng)光以及室內(nèi)空氣除濕。

我們的辦公樓設(shè)計(jì)，基于高效出色的樓層方案，外觀(guān)根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)貧夂驐l件進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)及優(yōu)化，通過(guò)大幅度改變建筑表皮外立面的方式來(lái)提高建筑的整體可持續(xù)性能。

設(shè)計(jì)的進(jìn)化

由玄武巖組成的曲線(xiàn)形墻面來(lái)源于熔巖在慢速冷卻過(guò)程中形成垂直巖柱的天然幾何形態(tài)。

棕櫚葉般的褶曲結(jié)構(gòu)則出于適應(yīng)外部環(huán)境的需要。棕櫚表面的褶曲使建筑擁有了更輕盈的表皮，并具有一定的結(jié)構(gòu)剛性和彈性。形成曲線(xiàn)的導(dǎo)流葉片會(huì)將水引導(dǎo)到建筑的盡端。

形似燈籠的折紙結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)靈感來(lái)自于自然界不斷演進(jìn)的植物。

為了向工作人員提供功能靈活且具備足夠采光的工作區(qū)域，具有高效性的摩天大樓應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。然而，到目前為止，普通摩天大樓的設(shè)計(jì)只是提供了空氣調(diào)節(jié)及采光，卻忽略了環(huán)境影響或能源短缺的情況。

新型的可持續(xù)摩天大樓需要在保留靈活性、日光、視野、密度以及可用性的同時(shí)，不斷發(fā)展嘗試新因素，例如，將自然采光最大化與日光直射最小化相結(jié)合， 從而大幅度減小制冷的需求。

我們建議將深圳能源大廈建造為首個(gè)新型可持續(xù)性辦公樓，充分利用建筑表面與日光、空氣、濕度以及風(fēng)速等外部因素，以此為源頭，創(chuàng)造無(wú)比舒適及高品質(zhì)的內(nèi)部空間。

深圳能源大廈將從傳統(tǒng)的摩天大樓中脫穎而出，完成一項(xiàng)順應(yīng)自然而非強(qiáng)制性的設(shè)計(jì)蛻變?！?/p>

1 云景軸側(cè)圖解/Cloudscape axon diagram

2 外景透視/Exterior view perspective

3 概念圖解/Concept diagrams

4 1層平面/Plan level 1

5 20層平面/Plan level 20

6 31層平面/Plan level 31

7 42層平面/Plan level 42

8.9 外景透視/Exterior view perspectives

10 渲染/Rendering

11.12 剖面/Sections

類(lèi)型/Type: 邀請(qǐng)賽第1名/Invited Competition, 1st Prize.

業(yè)主/Client: 深圳能源公司/Shenzhen Energy Company合作者/Collaborators: Arup, Transsolar

規(guī)模/Size: 96 000m2

狀態(tài)/Status: 進(jìn)行中/Ongoing

主管合伙人/Partner-in-Charge: Bjarke Ingels

項(xiàng)目負(fù)責(zé)人/Project Leader: Andreas Klok Pedersen項(xiàng)目團(tuán)隊(duì)/Team: Cat Huang, Alex Cozma, Fan Zhang,Kuba Snopek, Flavien Menu, Stanley Lung

Modern Vernacular

The tropical climate of Shenzhen calls for a new approach to designing office buildings. How can we create comfortable working spaces in a tropical climate while reducing our energy consumption? The construction principle of the typical modern office tower is replicated all over the world. It has the advantage of a practical floor plan, and economical structural system. But in tropical conditions the glazed curtain wall facades normally result in high energy consumption for air conditioning and poor views through coated windows. To achieve a comfortable working environment in these conditions an office building would especially need two things: Shading from direct exposure to sunlight, and dehumidification of interior air.

We are proposing a tower based on an efficient and well-proven floor plan, enclosed in a skin specifically modified and optimized for the local climate. We propose to enhance the sustainable performance of the building drastically by only focusing on its envelope, the facade.

Design evolution

The rippled walls of basalt rocks have evolved naturally from the geometric behavior of lava cooling at very slow speeds into vertical compounds of rocky columns.

The folded structure of a palm leaf has evolved by adapting to the requirements of the exterior environment. The folded ripples in the surface of the palm provide a light sheet of material with structural rigidity and flexibility. The vanes along the ripples channel water to the extremities of the structure.

The origami like structure of a paper lamp is designed inspired by the ingenuity observed in naturally evolved plants.

The skyscraper has evolved as an economically efficient way to provide flexible, functional and well illuminated work spaces for dense populations of professionals. It has however evolved at a time when air conditioning and electric lighting were merely seen as modern solutions to modern demand, with no thought of the environmental consequences or energy shortage.

Today the skyscraper needs to evolve into a new sustainable species. It must retain its highly evolved qualities such as flexibility, daylight, view, density and general usability, while evolving new and untested attributes such as ways of combining maximum daylight exposure with minimal sunshine exposure or integrated ways of limiting the need for cooling.

We propose to make the Shenzhen Energy Mansion the first specimen of a new species of office buildings that exploit the buildings interface with the external elements－sun, daylight, air humidity, wind － as a source to create a maximum comfort and quality inside.

The Shenzhen Energy Mansion will appear as a subtle mutation of the classic skyscraper－a natural evolution rather than a desperate revolution.□

13－15 渲染/Renderings