籍萬杰

一、全部倒裝

全部倒裝是表示地點（方位）的副詞或者介詞短語在句首引起的。結(jié)構為“地點副詞或介詞+謂語+主語+其他成分”。常見的結(jié)構有：

1.用在“there/here/now/then+不及物動詞+主語”的句型中，或用在以in，out，down，up，away等副詞開頭的句子里，表示強調(diào)。例如：

There goes the bell.

Now comes your turn.

Out rushed the boy with an apple in his hand.

注意：當句子的主語是人稱代詞時，盡管副詞位于句首，主謂語序不倒裝。例如：

Out they rushed.

Here he comes.

2.表示方位意義的介詞短語或副詞短語位于句首作狀語且謂語動詞為be或表示“位于、存在”的動詞或“位置移動”的單個不及物動詞時。例如：

From the valley came a frightening sound.

South of the city lies a chemical factory.

（2006年四川卷）At the foot of the mountain ______.

A.a village lie B.lies a village C.does a village lie D.lying a village key：B

3.作表語的形容詞、分詞、介詞短語放在句首時。例如：

Gone are the days when they could do what they liked to the Chinese people.

Present at the meeting were Professor White and many other guests.

二、部分倒裝

部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放在主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態(tài)動詞，則需添加助動詞do，does或did，并將其置于主語之前。

1.當“so（such）...that...”結(jié)構中的so或such位于句首時，構成部分倒裝句。

（2008年上海卷）So much of interest ______ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all.

A.offers?搖BeijingB.Beijing offers

C.does Beijing offer D.Beijing does offer key：C

2.由so，neither，nor開頭的句子，表示重復前面句子的部分意思（肯定用so，否定用neither或nor），當前后兩句的主語不同時，該替代句式要部分倒裝。

①（2008年遼寧卷）Bill wasnt happy about the delay of the report by Jason，and ______.

A.I was neitherB.neither was IC.I was eitherD.either was I key：B

②（2007年江蘇卷）—My room gets very cold at night.

—______.

A.So is mine B.So mine is C.So does mine D.So mine does key：C

3.當具有否定意義的詞或詞組（no，not，never，nowhere，hardly，scarcely，rarely，seldom，

little，by no means，in no case，at no time等）位于句首時，要用部分倒裝，這是近年來高考測試的熱點。

①（2007年上海卷）—How was the televised debate last night？

—Super！Rarely ______ so much media attention.

A.a debate attractedB.did a debate attract

C.a debate did attractD.attracted a debate key：B

②（2007年安徽卷）Little ______ that we were watching his every move，so he seemed to be going his own way in this business.

A.he realizedB.he didnt realize

C.didnt he realize D.did he realize key：D

4.某些連詞，如由not only...but（also）...，hardly...when...，no sooner...than...等開頭連接句子時，第一個分句的主謂要部分倒裝。

①（2006年天津卷）—Did Linda see the traffic accident？

—No，no sooner ______ than it happened.

A.had she goneB.she had gone

C.has she gone D.she has gone key：A

②（2004年上海卷）______ snacks and drinks，but they also brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic in the forest.

A.Not only they broughtB.Not only did they bring

C.Not only brought theyD.Not only they did bring key：B

注意：not until引導的從句位于句首時，not until的從句不倒裝，主句倒裝。

（2008年陜西卷）Not until the motorbike looked almost new ______ repairing and cleaning it.

A.he stopped B.did he stop C.stopped he D.he did stop key：B

5.only位于句首，修飾副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句時，要用部分倒裝。only修飾狀語從句時，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝；only修飾的不是狀語從句時，則不用倒裝語序。

①（2008年江蘇卷）______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy.

A.Only if；will you B.Only if；you will

C.Unless；will youD.Unless；you will key：A

②（2008年江西卷）It was announced that only when the fire was under control ______ to return to their homes.

A.the residents would be permitted

B.had the residents been permitted

C.would the residents be permitted

D.the residents had been permitted key：C

6.當as引導讓步狀語從句時，可用“名詞/形容詞/副詞/分詞+as+主語+動詞”或“動詞+as+主語+助動詞”的倒裝形式。

①（2007年重慶卷）______，his idea was accepted by all the people at the meeting.

A.Strange as might it soundB.As it might sound strange

C.As strange it might soundD.Strange as it might sound key：D

②（2005年廣東卷）______，Carolina couldnt get the door open.

A.Try as she might B.As she might try

C.She might as tryD.Might she as try key：A