1. New functions are being added to the phones.

1）此句使用的是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。

My car is being repaired now; can I use yours?

我的汽車正在進(jìn)行修理，可以用一下你的嗎？

2)add…to…; add to; add up; add up to

add…to…把……加到……上; add to增加

add up加起來; add up to合計(jì)（可主動(dòng)表被動(dòng)）

He added some coal to the stove. 他向爐子里添了點(diǎn)煤。

His absence adds to our difficulties. 他的缺席給我們帶來許多麻煩。

His whole school education added up to no more than one year.

他所受的全部的學(xué)校教育加起來僅一年。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather ____ the helplessness of the crew at sea.

A. added to B. resulted from C. turned out D. made up

解析：A 句意為：船上的發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)出了故障,再加上惡劣的天氣使得出海的全體船員更為無助。result from因?yàn)?由……引起; turn out結(jié)果是,證明是; make up構(gòu)成。

2. The answer seems to be that we have a need to stay in touch with friends and family no matter where we are or what we are doing.

She says that her cellphone helps her do whatever she wants to do and still stay in touch with her parents and friends.

1)stay in touch with=keep in touch with與……保持聯(lián)系

Mr Zhang stays/keeps in touch with me by letters though he is in New Zealand now.

盡管張先生遠(yuǎn)在新西蘭, 但他一直與我通過信件保持聯(lián)系。

2）注意下面有關(guān)touch的短語：

bring sb. into touch with使（某人）與……接觸

come in touch with

get in touch with

lose touch with 與……失去聯(lián)系

be out of touch with 與……沒有聯(lián)系

3）no matter+what/who/whom/whose/which/when/how/where/whether

“無論/不管……”, 只能引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,從句中用一般時(shí)替代將來時(shí)；

whatever/whoever/however/whenever“不管/無論……”，既可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，又可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。

No matter where you work(=Wherever you work), you can always find time to study. 不論你在哪里工作,你都能找到時(shí)間學(xué)習(xí)。

Youll have to do it, no matter whether you like it or not.

不管你是否喜歡你都得做。

You cant go in no matter who you are. 無論你是誰, 都不能進(jìn)去。

I shall wait for you no matter how late you come.

無論你來多晚, 我都等著你。

Whatever you say, I wont believe you.=No matter what you say, I wont believe you. 不管你說什么, 我都不會(huì)相信你。

You should do whatever he asks you to do.

你要按他的所有要求去做。（賓語從句）

4）no matter還可以表示“不要緊, 沒關(guān)系”, 可以理解為Its no matter的省略形式, 常用在以下結(jié)構(gòu)中：

Its no matter whether you get there early or not.

你早到或晚到那里, 沒有什么關(guān)系的。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The poor young man is ready to accept ____ help he can get.

A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever

解析：C whatever adj.意為“無論什么樣的”, 引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

3. Now, the world is dark and dirty, with no room for happiness and fun.

1)room此處意為“空間, 空地”, 指足夠某一目的所需的空間,側(cè)重大小、 尺寸等。是不可數(shù)名詞。

There was only standing room in the square.

廣場(chǎng)上只有立足之地了。

2）room還可表示“余地”。

Theres no room for changes. 沒有改動(dòng)的余地了。

leave room for為……留出地方

make room for為……騰出地方

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

Perhaps we need to clear away these books to make ____ for our new students.

A. place B. area C. space D. room

解析：D 該題考查近義名詞詞義辨析。area表示“區(qū)域”; place為“地點(diǎn)”; room表示“空間或房間”; space表示“空地, 間隔”。make room for是固定短語, 意為“為……騰地方”。

4. Modern cellphones are more than just phones—they are being used as cameras and radios, and to send e-mail or surf the Internet.

1)more than在句中的意思是“不僅僅”, 相當(dāng)于“not only”。

All my classmates think that our English teacher is more than our teacher, for he likes making friends with his students. 我所有的同學(xué)都認(rèn)為我們的英語老師不僅僅是我們的老師, 因?yàn)樗矚g和學(xué)生交朋友。

2)be used as…被用作……

This room can be used as our reading room.

這個(gè)房間可用作我們的閱覽室。

be used for…被用于……

Bamboo can be used for building. 竹子可以被用于建筑方面。

be used to do sth.被用來干某事

Bamboo can be used to make houses. 竹子可以被用來蓋房子。

3)在句子…they are being used as cameras and radios中, 動(dòng)詞的形式為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài), 意為：當(dāng)今人們可以把手機(jī)當(dāng)作照相機(jī)和收音機(jī)來使用。

典型例題

A new cinema ____ here. They hope to finish it next month.

A. will be built B. is built

C. has been built D. is being built

解析：D 由后一句可知這項(xiàng)工程還沒有完成, 應(yīng)在建設(shè)之中, 故第一句話中的謂語動(dòng)詞的形式應(yīng)為進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語態(tài), 答案為D。

5. If they succeed, they believe that humans and machines can live together like friends in the future.

1)succeed意為“成功”。常用的結(jié)構(gòu)：succeed in sth./doing sth.

He succeeded in getting the job. 他成功地獲得了這份工作。

2)success n. [U] 成功; 順利; [C]成功的人或物

Failure is the mother of success. （諺）失敗是成功之母。

He was a great success as a novelist.

他是非常成功的小說家。

典型例題

After many experiments, finally we ____ the material we wanted very much to get.

A. success to get B. success in getting

C. succeeded to get D. succeeded in getting

解析：D succeed in doing為固定結(jié)構(gòu)。

6. …an unexpected and dangerous situation where quick action is needed.

situation情況, 形勢(shì)。后面經(jīng)常跟where引導(dǎo)的定語從句。

Can you find a situation where this word is used?

你能找到一種使用這個(gè)詞的情況嗎？

英語中經(jīng)常跟where引導(dǎo)的定語從句的名詞還有：conditions(情況, 環(huán)境), case(情況), point（地步, 地點(diǎn), 地方）, spot（地點(diǎn)）, stage（階段）。

The astronauts have to learn to deal with the conditions where there is neither weight nor gravity.

那些宇航員不得不學(xué)會(huì)應(yīng)付既沒有重力也沒有引力的情況。

典型例題

Hes got himself into a dangerous situation ____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.

A. where B. which C. while D. why

解析：A先行詞為situation時(shí), 其后的定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞應(yīng)為where,意為“在那種情況下”。

7. When farmers cut down trees, tigers can no longer hide and hunt.

1)cut down意為“砍倒; 砍死”。

His father cut down a tree and made a desk for him.

他父親砍了一棵樹為他做了張桌子。

cut down還有“削減; 縮短; 降低; 破滅”的意思。

The factory has succeeded in cutting down the cost of production.

這座工廠已成功地降低了生產(chǎn)成本。

2）no longer表示時(shí)間上的不再, 多與動(dòng)詞連用, 相當(dāng)于not…any longer。

He is no longer living here.=He isnt living here any longer.

他不再住這兒了。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

He was in hospital for six months. He felt as if he was ____ from the outside world.

A. cut out B. cut off C. cut up D. cut through

解析：B 此題考查動(dòng)詞短語。句意為：他住了6個(gè)月的院, 他有與世隔絕之感。cut A off from B表示“使A與B隔絕”; cut out表示“切成, 剪成, 開辟出某事物”; cut up指“切（剪）碎; 挫傷某人”; cut sth. through sth.意為“開辟出一條路”。

8. If we know more about what causes endangerment, we may be able to take measures before it is too late.

1)cause用作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“引起,使發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致”。用法有cause+名詞；cause+雙賓語； cause something to somebody; cause somebody/something to do。

What caused the accident? 是什么引起這個(gè)事故的？

What caused the plants to die? 那些植物死于何種原因？

2)cause用作名詞, 意思是“原因, 理由”;“事業(yè), 目標(biāo), 理想”。

The cause of the fire was carelessness. 起火的原因是不謹(jǐn)慎。

She has made up her mind to fight for the cause of peace all her life. 她已經(jīng)下定決心為和平事業(yè)奮斗終身。

3)cause和reason這兩個(gè)詞都可以表示事物的原因。cause指事物的直接起因, 即導(dǎo)致某一必然結(jié)果的條件、力量、事物和人等。

A cigarette end was the cause of the fire.

一根香煙頭就是這次火災(zāi)的起因。

What was the cause of the First World War?

第一次世界大戰(zhàn)的起因是什么？

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The flu is believed ____ by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.

A. causing B. being caused C. to be caused D. to have caused

解析：C 根據(jù)flu和介詞by可知應(yīng)該用被動(dòng)語態(tài), 所以排除A和D項(xiàng); 再根據(jù)is believed,可知C為最佳選項(xiàng)。因?yàn)? sth. is believed/considered/thought to be/as sth.是英語中的一種常見句式。

9. They are all used to their environment; that is, they have learnt how to live successfully in their habitat.

1)辨析be used to do something; be/get used to something/doing something; used to do something

be used to do something表示“被用于做某事”,主語是動(dòng)作的承受者。

Wood can be used to make paper. 木材可以用來造紙。

be/get used to something/doing something表示“習(xí)慣于某事/做某事”, to是介詞。

I have been used to the weather here. 我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了這兒的天氣。

used to do something表示“過去常常做某事”, 含有現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)沒有這種習(xí)慣了。

I used to go to school by bus but now I get used to going to school by bike. 我過去常常乘公共汽車去上學(xué), 但是現(xiàn)在我習(xí)慣騎自行車去上學(xué)了。

2）that is意為“也就是, 即”。也可說成that is to say。

He is a local government administrator, that is to say a civil servant.

他是地方政府的行政官員, 也就是說是個(gè)文官。

也可意為“確切地，具體地”。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The country life he was used to ____ greatly since 1992.

A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed

解析：B he was used to是定語從句修飾the country life; 空中應(yīng)為謂語部分, 并非was used to的賓語;又根據(jù)since 1992判斷此謂語部分應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。句意：自從1992年以來, 他所習(xí)慣了的鄉(xiāng)村生活發(fā)生了巨大變化。

10. Reduce the amount of rubbish.

amount作為不可數(shù)名詞指“總量”, 作為可數(shù)名詞意為“數(shù)量, 數(shù)值”。

He owed me $100 but could pay only half that amount, that is $50.

他欠我一百美元, 但只能償還總數(shù)的一半, 即五十美元。

A large amount of money is spent on tobacco every year.

每年都要在煙草上花費(fèi)大量的金錢。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took ____ pictures of them.

A. many of B. masses of

C. the number of D. a large amount of

解析：B masses of大量的; A項(xiàng)應(yīng)去掉of; D項(xiàng)只能修飾不可數(shù)名詞; C項(xiàng)意為“……的數(shù)目”。

11. Steve Jones is an environmental expert who tries to keep animals and plants from becoming endangered.

1)keep sb. (sth.) from doing sth.意思是“制止或阻止某人或某物做某事”, 其中from不能省略。

Nothing can keep us from changing the plan.

什么也不能阻止我們改變計(jì)劃。

2)與keep sb.(sth.) from doing sth.結(jié)構(gòu)相似的還有prevent (stop) sb.(sth.) from doing sth.,在現(xiàn)代英語中from常?？梢允∪? 但在被動(dòng)句中不能省略。

Nothing will prevent us (from) reaching our aim.

什么也阻止不了我們達(dá)到我們的目的。

典型例題

Im putting on weight. The doctor has warned me to ____ sugar.

A. keep up B. keep back C. keep off D. keep away

解析：C keep up保持; keep back阻止; keep off使不踩（吃, 談）; keep away(from)使避開, 不接近。根據(jù)句意C項(xiàng)正確。

12. Explain the causes and effects of the problem, and suggest solutions to the problem.

suggest意為“建議”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)如下：

suggest+doing建議做某事

The chairman suggested putting off the meeting since there were so many people absent. 鑒于很多人缺席，主席建議推遲會(huì)議。

We suggested bringing the meeting to an end. 我們建議結(jié)束會(huì)議。

suggest+主語+（should）+do(be)建議某人做某事

I suggested that we (should) hold a meeting. 我建議咱們開個(gè)會(huì)。

We suggest he not be sent there. 我們建議不要派他去那里。

典型例題

Our English teacher ____ us buying a good English-Chinese diction-ary.

A. asked B. ordered C. suggested D. required

解析：C ask, order, require后都接不定式作賓補(bǔ), 即常用ask（order, require） sb. to do sth.結(jié)構(gòu), 后不接doing sth.的形式。suggest后既可接doing的形式, 又可接從句, 從句中用should do這一虛擬語氣的形式, us是buying的邏輯主語。

13. There are of course many other interesting styles of music.

1)other意為“其他的”,數(shù)量不確定,作定語,后接名詞,常與some相對(duì)。

When winter comes, some birds fly to the south, other birds stay.

冬天到來時(shí), 有些鳥兒飛去南方, 其他的留下來。

other修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí), 可以換成others, 如第一個(gè)例子中的other birds可以換成others。

2)the other用于修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 也可修飾不可數(shù)名詞, 表示剩余的全部。

The other students in the class keep their eyes closed.

班上其余的學(xué)生閉著眼睛。

the other 修飾單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞時(shí), 可單獨(dú)使用, 修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí), 可換成the others, 但other本身不能單獨(dú)用。

3)another表示不確定的另外一個(gè),可以單獨(dú)用,也可修飾名詞,并且只能修飾可數(shù)名詞。

I dont like this one. Please show me another.

我不喜歡這個(gè), 請(qǐng)給我另拿一個(gè)看看。

另外, another也可修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞, 意為“另外的”。

Theres room for another few people in the back of the bus.

這輛公共汽車的后部還能坐下幾個(gè)人。

“還有五個(gè)人”可譯為：five more people; another five people; five other people。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

I got the story from Tom and ____ people who had worked with him. A. every other B. many others C. some other D. other than

解析：C 本題考查代詞的用法。A項(xiàng)every other+單數(shù)名詞是“每隔一……”的意思, 如every other line每隔一行; B項(xiàng)中, 沒有many others people形式, 但可以把others改為other; D項(xiàng)other than等于besides。

14. What do you have in mind?

1)have…in mind意為“想著……”;“打算……”,其中mind為名詞。

She told her boss what she had in mind.

她把心中所想的告訴了她的老板。

I have a plan in mind. 我在醞釀一項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。

2）mind作名詞所構(gòu)成的常用短語還有：

keep…in mind 記住……, 把……記在心里

be of one mind意見一致

bring…in mind想起, 使想起

change ones mind改變主意

have a mind to do sth. 想做……

have…on ones mind把……掛在心上

keep/have/set ones mind on一直專注于……

make up ones mind to do sth.下定決心做……

turn ones mind to把注意力轉(zhuǎn)移到……

典型例題

Can you tell me ____ you have ____?

A. what; in mind B. how; in your mind

C. what; on your mind D. if; in mind

解析：A have sth. in mind 表示“在想、思考……”的意思。本句意思為：你能告訴我你在想什么嗎？

15. There is a wide variety of new music to be discovered in every corner of the world, so the next time you look for a tape or a CD, dont just look for Chinese or American music—open your ears to the sounds of the world!

1)variety意為“多樣性,種類,變化”, a variety of=various, different kinds of。

This shop has a variety of toys. 這家商店有各種各樣的玩具。

2)to be discovered為不定式的被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)作后置定語。在there be句型中, 不定式常用主動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu), 此時(shí)的重點(diǎn)在于做動(dòng)作的人。而用被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)時(shí), 重點(diǎn)在動(dòng)作本身, 兩者并無實(shí)質(zhì)性的差別。

Theres a lot of water to drain (to be drained) from the playground.

操場(chǎng)上有很多水要排出去。

There are still many important things to take care of (to be taken care of). 仍有一些重要的事情要處理。

3)句中的the next time可看作連詞, 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。一些時(shí)間名詞構(gòu)成的短語常可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。由time構(gòu)成的名詞詞組有the first/last time, each/every time, next time, all the time, any time等。

Each time she came, Jane brought me a nice book.

簡(jiǎn)每次來都給我?guī)硪槐竞脮?/p>

the minute, the instant, the second與the moment用法相同, 意為“一……就……”。

Ill tell him the news the minute he comes.

他一來我就告訴他這個(gè)消息。

副詞immediately和directly也可作連詞, 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。

He called his parents immediately he got home.

他一到家就給父母打了電話。

典型例題

I thought her nice and honest ____ I met her.

A. first time B. for the first time

C. the first time D. by the first time

解析：C 考查the first time和for the first time的區(qū)別。這句話的意思是：第一次和她見面時(shí), 我就認(rèn)為她優(yōu)雅誠(chéng)實(shí)。選項(xiàng)A語法錯(cuò)誤, 不能作為答案。D項(xiàng)的意思是“到第一次……之前”, 很容易排除。for the first time的意思是“第一次”（例如：I met her yesterday for the first time. ）,一般直接作狀語, 后面不跟從句。The first time后面多跟賓語從句。the first time I met her相當(dāng)于時(shí)間狀語從句when I first met her,正合題意。

16. It is a world of magic and wonders, a world where anything can happen.

1)a world of…一個(gè)……的世界

in the world在世界上

2)wonder有兩種含義：不可數(shù)名詞“驚奇”; 可數(shù)名詞“奇跡, 奇觀”。

She stared at me in/with great wonder. 她驚奇地看著我。

The Great Wall is one of the wonders in the world.

長(zhǎng)城是世界上的奇跡之一。

(Its)no wonder (that)…難怪, 不足為奇。

(Its)no wonder （that） he wont come. 難怪他不想來。

不及物動(dòng)詞的用法如下：

wonder at something/doing something對(duì)……感到驚訝/驚奇

I wondered at your allowing him to do such a thing.

我對(duì)你允許他做那樣的事情感到很驚訝。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

It is ____ world of wonders, ____ world where anything can happen. A. a; the B. a; a C. the; a D. 不填; 不填

解析：B此處a都表示“一個(gè)”的概念。

17. …it was almost as if the creature was watching them.

as if(=as though)意為“像, 好像, 似乎”, 只作連詞, 引導(dǎo)狀語從句, 通常用虛擬語氣, 表示與事實(shí)相反的情況。如表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反, 動(dòng)詞一般用過去式形式（be動(dòng)詞用were）;與過去事實(shí)相反, 動(dòng)詞用過去完成式形式。as if與as though同義。

She loves the boy as if/though she were his mother.

她像母親一樣愛這個(gè)孩子。（她不是孩子的母親）

He looked as if he had known the answer.

看起來他好像已經(jīng)知道這個(gè)答案似的。（其實(shí)不知道）

as if后面可直接跟分詞或不定式。

He opened his mouth as if to speak. 他張開口, 好像要說話一樣。

He stared at the girl as if seeing her for the first time.

他目不轉(zhuǎn)睛地盯著那姑娘, 好像第一次看見她。

考點(diǎn)對(duì)接

The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ____ whether he was going in the right direction.

A. seeing B. having seen C. to have seen D. to see

解析：D句意：我們跟蹤的那個(gè)男人突然停了下來, 看起來好像想看看是不是走錯(cuò)了方向。as if表語從句的完整說法應(yīng)是…as if he wanted to see whether he was going in the right direction.

18. You must believe in what you do and who you are if you want to succeed in the world—the magical world of Hogwarts and the real one.

believe in常有以下含義：

（1）信任

You can believe in him; hell never let you down.

你盡可以信任他, 他決不會(huì)讓你失望的。（believe sb. 表示“相信某人說的話”）

（2）信仰, 信奉

We believe in Marxism. 我們信仰馬克思主義。

典型例題

I know he is an honest man. That is why I ____ him all the time. But I dont ____ what he told me just now.

A. believe in; believe in B. believe in; believe

C. believe; believe in D. believe; believe

解析：B 本題考查同義詞的用法辨異。believe表示相信某人所說的話, 后面可接表人或故事、講話等的名詞, 也可接賓語從句。believe in表示對(duì)某人或某事有信心或表示某種信仰、主張, 其賓語可以是宗教、教別、神、佛等, 還可接動(dòng)名詞。

19. The noise seemed to be coming from the room behind the statue in front of them.

seemed to be coming中的to be doing為動(dòng)詞不定式的進(jìn)行式作復(fù)合謂語。在seem, appear, happen(碰巧), be said/reported/known等后可接動(dòng)詞不定式的一般式、進(jìn)行式或完成式作復(fù)合謂語。

The girl appeared to be waiting for someone.=It appeared that the girl was waiting for someone. 那女孩似乎在等人。

典型例題

Look at the woman over there. She seems ____ for something.

A. to be looking B. to have looked C. look D. is looking

解析：A seem后接不定式的進(jìn)行式, 表示當(dāng)時(shí)正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。

20. If only they could find a way to get to the room, or whatever it was, behind the wall.

If only雖然是從屬連詞, 但它引導(dǎo)的從句卻能單獨(dú)成句, 且能表達(dá)完整的意思：“要是……該多好”——一種不能實(shí)現(xiàn)或難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望。它相當(dāng)于wish,但語氣更強(qiáng)。句后用句號(hào)或感嘆號(hào)皆可。

(1)表示已過去了的不能實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望, 常含有后悔、惋惜之意, 謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)使用had done形式。

If only I had taken his advice!要是我聽從了他的建議就好了！

(2)表達(dá)現(xiàn)在不可實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望, 謂語動(dòng)詞用一般過去時(shí)。

If only I could swim! 我要是會(huì)游泳該多好！

(3)表達(dá)將來難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望, 謂語動(dòng)詞用would/could+動(dòng)詞原形或一般過去時(shí)。

If only she would help me!要是她能幫我就好了！

辨析：only if意為“只要, 只有……才”, 表示一種條件, only是一個(gè)副詞, 用來加強(qiáng)語氣。only if置于句首時(shí), 后接的句子要用倒裝語序。

Only if the teacher has given permission is a student allowed to enter this room. 只有得到教師的允許, 學(xué)生才可以進(jìn)這間屋。

典型例題

Look at the trouble I am in!If only I ____ your advice.

A. followed B. would follow C. had followed D. should follow

解析：C 本題考查虛擬語氣用法。句意為：瞧瞧我這些麻煩！我要是聽你的就好了。題干中第二個(gè)句子是由if only引起的虛擬語氣, 表示強(qiáng)調(diào)愿望。這個(gè)句子又是省略句, 主句部分被省略。非真實(shí)的條件從句與過去事實(shí)相反。