盧愛龍
學習第四單元時,同學們可以發(fā)現(xiàn),該單元的語法重點和以往所學的語法重點有點不同——主要是兩組易混詞組的辨異。在學習這一語法項目時,如能抓住它們的相同點、不同點和易錯點,可達到巧學妙記的效果。
NO.1because & because of
相同點:兩者都有“因為、由于”的含義。
不同點:①because是連詞,引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句。這類從句往往位于句后,在強調(diào)時,也可位于句首。例如:
Peter didnt come to school last Fridaybecause he was ill.彼德上周五沒來學校,因為他病了。
Because Simon got up late,he was latefor school again.因為西蒙起晚了,他上學又遲到了。
②becauseof是介詞短語,其后可接名詞、代詞或動名詞。例如:
I waht back not beeause of the rain,butbecause I was fired.(名詞)我回去不是因為下雨,而是因為我累了。
He missed the early bus because ofgetting up late this morning.(動名詞)他錯過早班車是因為今天早上起晚了。
Because of that,the young man didntsay to his fother any more.(代詞)由于那件事,年輕人再也不和他的父親講話了。
易錯點:①because和so不能同時用于一個句子里,試體會:
油耗盡了,所以燈熄了。
[誤)Becallse the oil was out,so thelight went out.[正]The light went ont,because the oilwas out.
[正]The oil was ont,so the 1ight wentout.
②當主句為否定句,because從句位于句尾時,有無逗號,意義有差別。試體會:
I was not friendly to her bceause shewas lazy.我不是因為她懶惰才對她親切。
I was not friendly to her,because shewas lazy.我對她不親切,是因為她懶惰。
NO.2hope & wish
相同點:①都表示“希望”。
②用作動詞時都可以接不定式作賓語或接賓語從句。例如:
I hope to be a famous writer in thefuture.(不定式)我希望今后能成為一個著名的作家。
I hope that you will succeed.(從句)祝你成功。
不同點:①在hope之后的賓語從句中,謂語動詞常用一般將來時或一般現(xiàn)在時。從意義上說,hope所表達的希望是能實現(xiàn)的。
We hope we will move to a large roomnext year.我們希望明年能搬到大房子去住。
②wish的賓語從句中,如表達的愿望與現(xiàn)在事實相反或無法實現(xiàn),從句的謂語用過去式,be動詞多用were;如表達的愿望與將來事實相反或難以實現(xiàn),從句的謂語動詞用would+動詞原形。例如:
I wish I could fly to the moon now.但愿我現(xiàn)在能飛上月球。
I wish I were as tall as Yao Ming·但愿我和姚明一樣高。
I wish the heavy rain Would stop thisafternoon!今天下午大雨要是停有多好啊!
③wish后可接雙賓浯,表示“祝愿”,而hope則不能。試體會:
祝你新年快樂!
[正]I wish you a Happy New Year.
[誤)I hope you a Happy New Year.
④作簡略回答時,hope后接可接替代詞so或not,而wish則不行。例如:
——Will it be fine tomorrow?
——I hope so.
——明天的天氣會好嗎?
——我希望如此。
——Will it rain tomorrow?
——I hope not.
——明天下雨嗎?
——我希望不下。
易錯點:hope后不能接復(fù)合賓語,即“賓語+不定式”。試體會:
我希望你和我們一起去。
[誤)I hope you to go with us.
[正]I hope you can go with us.
針對練習
A)根據(jù)句意,用because或beeause of來填空。
1.Ma Bin studies hard_____he wants togo to college.
2.Peter didnt get the first place in theexam____his carelessness(粗心).
B)根據(jù)句意,用hope或wish來填空。
1.I____I were a small bird.
2.I____I will be a soldier when I growu.,
3.I____you are well.
4.——You may pass the exam.——I____so.
5.I____youll be better now.
6.I____you to come here soon.
Keys:A)1.because2.because of
B)l.wish 2.hope 3.wish
4.hope 5.hope 6.wish