非延續(xù)性動詞也叫瞬間動詞,還叫終止性動詞,它所表示的動作一經(jīng)發(fā)生立即完結(jié),不再延續(xù)。常見的這類動詞有come,go,leave,open,close,begin,start,finish,stop,buy,borrow,join,die等,同學(xué)們在使用這類動詞時易出錯,那么怎樣才能正確使用這類動詞呢?應(yīng)注意以下幾點。
一、非延續(xù)性動詞不能與how long引導(dǎo)的疑問句連用。如:
不能說:How long have you joined Greener China?
應(yīng)該說:How long have you been a member of Greener China? (或把a(bǔ) member of改成in)
二、非延續(xù)性動詞不能與for或since引導(dǎo)的表示一段的時間狀語連用。如:
不能說:He has bought the computer for two months.
應(yīng)該說:He has had the computer for two months.
或者說:He bought the computer two months ago.
但非延續(xù)性動詞在完成時態(tài)中的否定式可以接一段時間。如:
I haven’t bought anything for two months.
三、非延續(xù)性動詞與until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語(或從句)連用時,只能用否定形式,不能用肯定形式。如:
He didn’t go to bed until ten o’clock last night. 昨天晚上,他直到10點才上床睡覺。
I knew nothing about it until you told me. 直到你告訴我,我才知道這件事。
四、非延續(xù)性動詞不用于進(jìn)行時態(tài),若是進(jìn)行時態(tài)形式應(yīng)譯成將來時態(tài)的意思。如:
I’m leaving for Lanzhou. 我要出發(fā)去蘭州。
五、非延續(xù)性動詞表示延續(xù)性狀態(tài)時需轉(zhuǎn)換。如:
come—be here; come to—be in(at); go out—be out; leave—be away(from);
begin(start)—be on; borrow—keep; put on—wear; die—be dead;
catch a cold—have a cold; buy—have; get to know—know;
come back—be back; become(a worker)—be(a worker);
arrive in(at)—be in(at); marry—be married(to)
初中生學(xué)習(xí)指導(dǎo)·中考版2024年5期