趙青
摘 要: 由于現(xiàn)行技術(shù)在新能源發(fā)電并網(wǎng)中應(yīng)用效果不佳,并網(wǎng)干擾諧波電流幅值較高,而且光電與風(fēng)電轉(zhuǎn)換效率比較低,無法達(dá)到預(yù)期的并網(wǎng)效果。因此,提出光伏發(fā)電與風(fēng)力發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)技術(shù)分析。根據(jù)電子電路原理,建立光伏電池模型與風(fēng)力發(fā)電模型,采用恒定電壓法對光伏發(fā)電與風(fēng)力發(fā)電最大輸出功率跟蹤控制,將光伏發(fā)電與風(fēng)力發(fā)電輸出經(jīng)過逆變器調(diào)整電壓后,并聯(lián)于直流母線,實現(xiàn)光電與風(fēng)電的并入電壓。實驗結(jié)果表明:設(shè)計技術(shù)應(yīng)用下并網(wǎng)干擾諧波電流幅值在0.1 V以下,光電與風(fēng)電轉(zhuǎn)換效率在65%以上,在電力工程領(lǐng)域具有良好的應(yīng)用前景。
關(guān)鍵詞: 光伏發(fā)電 風(fēng)力發(fā)電 并網(wǎng)技術(shù) 最大輸出功率
中圖分類號: TM73文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼: A文章編號: 1679-3567(2024)03-0011-03
Analysis of Grid-Connection Technology for Photovoltaic and Wind Power Generation
ZHAO Qing
POWERCHINA Northwest Engineering Co., Ltd., Xian, Shaanxi Province, 710065 China
Abstract: Due to the poor application effect of current technology in the grid connection of new energy power generation, the high amplitude of the harmonic current of grid-connected interference, and the relatively low con‐version efficiency between photovoltaic and wind power, the expected grid-connected effect cannot be achieved. Therefore, this paper proposes an analysis of grid-connection technology for photovoltaic and wind power genera‐tion. According to the principles of electronic circuits, this paper establishes photovoltaic cell models and wind power generation models, uses the constant voltage method to track and control the maximum output power of photovoltaic and wind power generation, and connects photovoltaic and wind power outputs in parallel to the DC bus after adjusting the voltage through the inverter, so as to achieve the merging voltage of photovoltaic and wind power. The experimental results indicate that, under the application of design technology, the amplitude of the har‐monic current of grid-connected interference is below 0.1V, and that the conversion efficiency between photovol‐taic and wind power is over 65%, which has good application prospects in the field of power engineering.
Key Words: Photovoltaic power generation; Wind power generation; Grid-connection technology; Maximum output power
隨著全球能源結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)型的推進(jìn)和應(yīng)對氣候變化的迫切需要,可再生能源發(fā)電在全球范圍內(nèi)得到了快速發(fā)展。其中,光伏發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電由于其清潔、可再生的特性,成為了當(dāng)前及未來電力行業(yè)的重要發(fā)展方向。然而,這兩種可再生能源發(fā)電方式都存在間歇性、波動性等特性,給電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行帶來了挑戰(zhàn)。因此,如何實現(xiàn)光伏發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電的高效并網(wǎng),確保電力系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定運行,已成為當(dāng)前及未來電力行業(yè)亟待解決的問題之一。并網(wǎng)技術(shù)是實現(xiàn)可再生能源發(fā)電高效利用的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一,其目的是將新能源發(fā)電系統(tǒng)與電網(wǎng)有機連接,確保電力系統(tǒng)的安全、穩(wěn)定運行。在傳統(tǒng)的電力系統(tǒng)設(shè)計中,并網(wǎng)技術(shù)主要考慮的是火電、水電等常規(guī)能源的發(fā)電方式,而對于可再生能源發(fā)電方式的并網(wǎng)技術(shù),則需要根據(jù)其自身的特點進(jìn)行專門的設(shè)計和研究。目前,國內(nèi)外對于光伏發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)技術(shù)已有一定的研究和實踐,但仍然存在一些問題和挑戰(zhàn)。例如:如何提高光伏發(fā)電和風(fēng)力發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)效率,降低對大電網(wǎng)的沖擊和影響;如何保證并網(wǎng)過程中的電能質(zhì)量和穩(wěn)定性;如何實現(xiàn)不同類型可再生能源發(fā)電的協(xié)同和互補等。針對以上問題,提出光伏發(fā)電與風(fēng)力發(fā)電的并網(wǎng)技術(shù)分析。
1.1 建立光伏電池模型與風(fēng)力發(fā)電模型