一卓
“原來墾利有這么多非遺技藝和美食,這非遺集市真是沒白來,既能了解非遺知識(shí),學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)技藝,還能品嘗美食,不光孩子喜歡,我們大人也樂在其中?!弊詵|營(yíng)市墾利區(qū)墾利街道的非遺集市開市以來,居民李慶芳只要有空就會(huì)帶孩子來體驗(yàn)一番。
開設(shè)傳統(tǒng)非遺集市,是墾利區(qū)全面推進(jìn)“非遺在社區(qū)”全國(guó)試點(diǎn)工作的一大亮點(diǎn)。作為黃河入海之地、油田崛起之城,墾利區(qū)匯聚了來自五湖四海的人,沉淀了絢爛多彩的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn),它們記載著富含墾利特色的“根”,蘊(yùn)含著墾利特有的“魂”。如何讓這些非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)“見人見物見生活”,與居民生活“無縫對(duì)接”,成為墾利區(qū)多年來所思考的問題。2020年10月,文化和旅游部非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)司在東營(yíng)市開展的“非遺在社區(qū)”試點(diǎn)工作,無疑為這一問題點(diǎn)明了方向。
隨著“非遺在社區(qū)”項(xiàng)目的推進(jìn),墾利區(qū)依據(jù)“尊重社區(qū)居民主體地位”“選擇適合非遺資源”“創(chuàng)新工作模式”“發(fā)揮傳承人作用”等重要工作原則,打造出一批特色鮮明的成功案例。
“點(diǎn)著了爐中火放出紅光,青煙起火光閃閃不同往?!庇?月的風(fēng),宛轉(zhuǎn)悠揚(yáng)的呂劇曲調(diào)在綠意盎然的林蔭道上回響,墾利街道書香社區(qū)2024年“呂韻書香傳承經(jīng)典”進(jìn)社區(qū)、進(jìn)農(nóng)村、進(jìn)廣場(chǎng)、進(jìn)校園公益演出開始了。
“今年是開展呂劇‘四進(jìn)活動(dòng)的第五年,我們?cè)谏鐓^(qū)里擁有很多粉絲,從小學(xué)生到七八十歲的老人都很喜歡呂劇,平常在社區(qū)組織培訓(xùn),大家也很熱情?!眽ɡ值罆闵鐓^(qū)“呂韻書香”傳承隊(duì)負(fù)責(zé)人張金玉介紹說。
在書香社區(qū),“呂韻書香”傳承隊(duì)每年至少開展30場(chǎng)公益專場(chǎng)演出,把精心策劃的呂劇文化演出辦到群眾家門口,讓社區(qū)居民感受國(guó)家級(jí)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)的魅力,在潛移默化中提升文化認(rèn)同感和幸福感。
“近年來,我們重點(diǎn)傳承戲曲非遺文化、傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日民俗等,定期舉辦戲曲培訓(xùn)、剪紙、扎染、非遺民俗文化大集等活動(dòng),通過體驗(yàn)、互動(dòng)、表演等創(chuàng)新方式,將非遺融入社區(qū)居民群眾的生活,達(dá)到‘活態(tài)傳承效果,把社區(qū)打造成繼承和弘揚(yáng)中華優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的高地?!眽ɡ值罆闵鐓^(qū)黨委書記王彩云介紹說。
同時(shí),墾利區(qū)將生產(chǎn)性保護(hù)作為強(qiáng)化非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)“造血”功能的重要環(huán)節(jié),在確保非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)原生態(tài)不改變的前提下,通過生產(chǎn)、流通、銷售等方式,將非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)資源轉(zhuǎn)化為生產(chǎn)力和產(chǎn)品,產(chǎn)生經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,并促進(jìn)相關(guān)產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展,使非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)在生產(chǎn)中得到有效傳承。
柳條、蒲草隨著一雙巧手上下翻飛,不一會(huì)兒,一個(gè)純手工編織的家用提籃雛形就顯現(xiàn)了出來。在墾利街道康居社區(qū)的“支部聯(lián)盟·助民增收”草編培訓(xùn)班上,居民們正跟隨草編老師學(xué)習(xí)新品編織技巧。
“農(nóng)村傳統(tǒng)手工草編非遺技藝走入城市社區(qū)課堂,為社區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)和文化發(fā)展注入了新鮮活力。目前僅這一項(xiàng),已先后為我們轄區(qū)200余名閑散在家的婦女提供了就業(yè)機(jī)會(huì),成功幫助她們實(shí)現(xiàn)人均月增收1000余元。”墾利街道康居社區(qū)黨委書記宋衛(wèi)艷介紹說。
這些成績(jī)的取得都要得益于康居社區(qū)從文化型社區(qū)建設(shè)出發(fā)實(shí)施的“七彩夢(mèng)工場(chǎng)”項(xiàng)目?!捌卟蕢?mèng)工場(chǎng)”項(xiàng)目是康居社區(qū)黨委精心打造的以傳承非遺文化為主的特色項(xiàng)目,除了開展“支部聯(lián)盟·助民增收”草編培訓(xùn)班,讓轄區(qū)居民掌握了一技之長(zhǎng),真正讓“指尖非遺”變身“指尖經(jīng)濟(jì)”,更讓社區(qū)居民實(shí)實(shí)在在感受到了社區(qū)的新變化、服務(wù)的新提升、非遺文化的新發(fā)展。
此外,在康居社區(qū)黨支部引領(lǐng)下,康居社區(qū)凝聚老黨員、離退休老干部等社區(qū)能人達(dá)人,成立“春暉藝術(shù)團(tuán)”,打造京劇、呂劇等6支非遺隊(duì)伍,吸納100余名文藝愛好者加入其中,通過文藝展演、日常排練等方式,讓社區(qū)居民在家門口就能享受到豐富多元的“非遺大餐”。2023年,康居社區(qū)開展非遺展演13場(chǎng),受益居民1300余人次。
如今的康居社區(qū),從社區(qū)工作者與網(wǎng)格員的“單打獨(dú)斗”,到百余名老黨員共同參與的“共治共享”,凝聚力明顯增強(qiáng)。草編創(chuàng)業(yè)隊(duì)伍、春暉藝術(shù)團(tuán)從成立之初的10余名居民的“獨(dú)角戲”,到60余名黨員及100余名志愿者共同參與非遺傳承的“大合唱”,社區(qū)居民滿意度、幸福感顯著提升與增強(qiáng)。去年年底,文化和旅游部公布了“非遺在社區(qū)”試點(diǎn)地區(qū)典型案例,墾利區(qū)康居社區(qū)《打造七彩夢(mèng)工場(chǎng)增強(qiáng)非遺社區(qū)活力》案例成功入選。
如今,墾利區(qū)的“非遺社區(qū)”遍地開花,從“非遺進(jìn)社區(qū)”到“非遺在社區(qū)”,一字之差,讓非遺文化在社區(qū)不再是“曇花一現(xiàn)”,而是真正融入居民的生活,達(dá)到“活態(tài)”傳承。墾利人用自己的雙手,守護(hù)著這些珍貴的非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn),讓它們?cè)跉q月的長(zhǎng)河中歷久彌新。
編輯/郭曉娟
As the place where the Yellow River runs into the sea and where oilfields were discovered, Kenli District has brought together people from all corners of China and accumulated brilliant intangible cultural heritage. How to enable these intangible cultural heritage items to “approach the people, things and life”has become a question pondered by Kenli District for years. In October 2020, the Intangible Cultural Heritage Department of the Ministry of Culture and Tourism carried out the pilot program of “Intangible Cultural Heritage in Communities”, which undoubtedly provided a direction for this question.
Based on “respecting the dominant position of community residents”, “selecting appropriate intangible cultural heritage resources”, “making innovations on work modes”, “giving play to the role of inheritors” and other important working principles, Kenli District has created a batch of distinctive successful cases.
In Shuxiang Community,“Shuxiang Lyu Opera” inheritance team provides at least 30 non-profit shows every year, bringing wellplanned Lyu opera culture performances to the masses homes to make community residents feel the charm of national intangible cultural heritage.
The “Colorful Dream Works”project is a characteristic project dominated by inheritance of intangible cultural heritage orchestrated by the CPC Kangju Community Committee, with an aim of enabling community residents to master a“professional skill” and increasing their income by carrying out a straw plaiting training class themed on “Party branch alliance supporting growth in residents income”. At the end of last year, the Ministry of Culture and Tourism announced the typical cases of pilot areas for “Intangible Cultural Heritage in Communities”, and the case of Building Colorful Dream Works to Enhance the Vitality of the Intangible Cultural Heritage Community from Kangju Community, Kenli District, was successfully selected.
Now, Kenlis “intangible cultural heritage communities” are blooming everywhere. From “Intangible Cultural Heritage into Communities” to “Intangible Cultural Heritage in Communities”, intangible heritage culture in communities has become no longer “a flash in the pan”, but truly integrated into residents lives.