世界氣象組織的年度報(bào)告稱(chēng)，在溫室效應(yīng)和厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的共同作用下，地球可能在未來(lái)五年內(nèi)首次突破較工業(yè)化前水平升高1.5 ℃的臨界點(diǎn)。

The world is now likely to breach a key climate 1）threshold for thefirst time within the next five years， according to the World MeteorologicalOrganization（WMO）， due to a combination of heat-trapping pollution anda 2）looming El Ni?o.

Global temperatures have 3）soared in recent years as the worldcontinues to burn planet-warming fossil fuels like coal， oil and gas. And thattrend shows no sign of slowing. In its annual climate update， the WMO saidthat between 2023 and 2027， there is now a 66% chance that the planetstemperatures will climb above 1.5 degrees Celsius of warming above preindustriallevels for at least one year.

As temperatures surge， there is also a 98% 4）likelihood that at least oneof the next five years — and the five-year period as a whole — will be thewarmest on record for the planet， the WMO reported.

Breaching the 1.5-degree Celsius threshold may only be temporary，the WMO said， but it would be the clearest signal yet of how quickly climatechange is accelerating — hastening sea level rise，more extreme weather and the demise of vitalecosystems.

Countries pledged in the Paris Agreement?to limit global warming to well below 2degrees Celsius — and preferably to 1.5degrees Celsius — compared to preindustrialtemperatures. Scientists consider1.5 degrees Celsius of warming as akey tipping point， beyond which the chances of extreme flooding， drought，wildfires and food shortages could increase dramatically.

The temperature increases are fueled by the rise of planet-heatingpollution from burning fossil fuels， as well as the predicted arrival of El Ni?o，a natural climate phenomenon with a global heating effect.

The current hottest year on record is 2016， which followed a very strongEl Ni?o event. El Ni?o tends to ramp up the temperatures the year after itdevelops， which could put 2024 on track to be the hottest year on record.

Scientists have long warned that the world needs to stay within 1.5degrees Celsius of warming to avoid 5）catastrophic and potentially6）irreversible changes.

Warming above this point increases the risk of triggering major tippingpoints， including the death of coral reefs and the melting of polar ice sheets，which will add to sea level rise， devastatingcoastal communities.

Temperature rises also increase thefrequency and intensity of extreme weatherevents including droughts， storms， wildfiresand heatwaves.

1） threshold n. 起點(diǎn)；開(kāi)端

2） loom v. 逐漸逼近

3） soar v. 猛增；高飛

4） likelihood n. 可能性

5） catastrophic adj. 災(zāi)難性的

6） irreversible adj. 無(wú)法復(fù)原的

世界氣象組織稱(chēng)，在溫室效應(yīng)和即將發(fā)生的厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的共同作用下，地球可能在未來(lái)五年內(nèi)首次突破一個(gè)關(guān)鍵的氣候臨界點(diǎn)。

由于世界繼續(xù)燃燒煤炭、石油和天然氣等化石燃料，全球氣溫近年來(lái)大幅上升，而且這一趨勢(shì)沒(méi)有變緩的跡象。世界氣象組織在其最新的年度氣候報(bào)告中指出，2023 年至2027 年間至少一年有66% 的概率——全球氣溫會(huì)比工業(yè)化前的水平升高1.5 ℃。

世界氣象組織報(bào)告稱(chēng)，隨著氣溫上升，未來(lái)五年中至少一年有98% 的概率會(huì)成為地球史上最熱的年份，未來(lái)五年也會(huì)成為有史以來(lái)最熱的五年。

世界氣象組織稱(chēng)，打破1.5 ℃的臨界點(diǎn)可能只是暫時(shí)的，但這是氣候變化加速最明確的信號(hào)，氣候變化會(huì)加速海平面上升，導(dǎo)致更多極端天氣和重要生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的瓦解。

各締約國(guó)曾在《巴黎協(xié)定》中承諾，將全球變暖限制在比工業(yè)化前水平升高2 ℃以?xún)?nèi)，最好是限制在1.5 ℃以?xún)?nèi)?？茖W(xué)家認(rèn)為1.5 ℃是一個(gè)關(guān)鍵臨界點(diǎn)，超過(guò)1.5 ℃后特大洪災(zāi)、干旱、森林火災(zāi)和食物短缺發(fā)生的概率都會(huì)大增。

全球氣溫上升源于燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致的溫室效應(yīng)以及預(yù)計(jì)會(huì)出現(xiàn)的厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象，這種自然氣候現(xiàn)象會(huì)導(dǎo)致全球變暖。

當(dāng)前史上最熱年份是2016 年，就是伴隨強(qiáng)厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象而來(lái)的。厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象會(huì)推高來(lái)年的氣溫，這可能會(huì)使2024 年成為有史以來(lái)最熱的年份。

長(zhǎng)久以來(lái)，科學(xué)家一直警告稱(chēng)，全球變暖必須控制在1.5 ℃以?xún)?nèi)，以避免災(zāi)難性和潛在不可逆轉(zhuǎn)的變化。

全球變暖超過(guò)1.5 ℃會(huì)增加多個(gè)重要臨界點(diǎn)被觸發(fā)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，包括珊瑚礁死亡和極地冰原融化，這會(huì)使海平面升高，給海岸居民帶來(lái)毀滅性后果。

氣溫升高還會(huì)增加包括干旱、暴風(fēng)雨、森林火災(zāi)和熱浪在內(nèi)的極端天氣的頻率和強(qiáng)度。

Know More

厄爾尼諾是發(fā)生在熱帶太平洋海溫異常增暖的一種氣候現(xiàn)象，大范圍熱帶太平洋增暖，會(huì)造成全球氣候的變化，但這個(gè)狀態(tài)要維持3 個(gè)月以上，才認(rèn)定是真正發(fā)生了厄爾尼諾事件。