文/王克軍 朱云飛
高青,淄博唯一的沿黃縣,擁有豐富的天然氣、石油、地?zé)岬荣Y源,以及優(yōu)良的生態(tài)環(huán)境。在“雙碳”國家戰(zhàn)略中,如何充分發(fā)揮自身優(yōu)勢,探索實(shí)踐綠色高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的“雙碳”路徑,高青給出了自己的答案。去年以來,高青聚焦建設(shè)雙碳生活示范區(qū),推進(jìn)綠色低碳變革,生態(tài)質(zhì)量持續(xù)優(yōu)化,“雙碳”轉(zhuǎn)型成效顯著。
高青縣致力于雙碳生活示范區(qū)建設(shè),探索實(shí)踐綠色高質(zhì)量發(fā)展的“雙碳”路徑。Gaoqing County has been committed to building a living demonstration area for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, exploring and practicing the path thereof under green and high-quality development.
春節(jié)后開工首日,位于高青縣唐坊鎮(zhèn)的“百公里二氧化碳管道”項(xiàng)目建設(shè)現(xiàn)場再次“熱鬧”起來。駕駛員李兵強(qiáng)正專心致志地操作挖掘機(jī)開溝破土,車后是綿延數(shù)公里的新鋪設(shè)管線。
與此同時,另一名駕駛員李華雷正駕駛運(yùn)輸車從臨淄“飛馳而來”。自去年8月國內(nèi)首個百萬噸級CCUS(二氧化碳捕集、利用與封存)全鏈條示范項(xiàng)目——齊魯石化—勝利油田CCUS項(xiàng)目在高青正式投產(chǎn)以來,李華雷就每天往返于臨淄和高青之間運(yùn)送液態(tài)二氧化碳。
CCUS是實(shí)現(xiàn)“雙碳”目標(biāo)不可或缺的重要技術(shù),具體指將二氧化碳從能源利用、工業(yè)過程等排放源或空氣中捕集分離,通過罐車、管道、船舶等輸送到適宜的場地加以利用或封存,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)二氧化碳的減排。
位于高青的CCUS項(xiàng)目,經(jīng)中石化勝利油田、齊魯石化公司聯(lián)合考察論證后落地實(shí)施,高青成為目前國內(nèi)最大的碳捕集、利用與封存全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的重要示范基地,將為高青雙碳生活示范區(qū)建設(shè)發(fā)揮積極作用。
該項(xiàng)目一期由齊魯石化公司捕集提供二氧化碳,并將其運(yùn)送至位于高青的勝利油田區(qū)塊進(jìn)行驅(qū)油封存,在減碳的同時,還可增加油氣產(chǎn)量。據(jù)了解,二氧化碳密度和水的密度相差不大,可溶于水,驅(qū)油效率比水高40%,采油成本比水低20%。
目前,從臨淄捕集到的液態(tài)二氧化碳全部采用公路運(yùn)輸,待運(yùn)輸管道建成后,將徹底實(shí)現(xiàn)液態(tài)二氧化碳制、輸、用全程密閉運(yùn)行,預(yù)計每年可減少車輛運(yùn)輸4萬輛次,減少天然氣用量約200萬立方米,有效降低沿線公路交通資源占用。
中國石化集團(tuán)副總工程師兼齊魯分公司代表、黨委書記韓峰說:“齊魯石化—勝利油田CCUS項(xiàng)目被譽(yù)為‘工業(yè)森林’,在實(shí)現(xiàn)碳中和目標(biāo)上穩(wěn)站C位,投產(chǎn)后每年可減排二氧化碳100萬噸,相當(dāng)于植樹近900萬棵、近60萬輛經(jīng)濟(jì)型轎車停開一年,可有力推進(jìn)化石能源潔凈化、潔凈能源規(guī)?;?、生產(chǎn)過程低碳化?!?/p>
去年,高青提出統(tǒng)籌抓好雙碳生活示范區(qū)、品質(zhì)民生引領(lǐng)區(qū)等“五區(qū)建設(shè)”,聚力建設(shè)黃河下游腹地新城,打造美麗富裕、品質(zhì)活力、幸福和諧的黃河明珠。搶跑“雙碳”新賽道,高青雙碳生活示范區(qū)的路徑圖已然明晰。
強(qiáng)化生態(tài)賦能,突出抓好生態(tài)環(huán)境保護(hù),大力實(shí)施植綠增綠行動,提高森林碳匯能力;大力發(fā)展新能源,積極布局新基建,引導(dǎo)群眾向綠色低碳的生產(chǎn)生活方式轉(zhuǎn)變,打造低碳、零碳生活示范區(qū);大力倡導(dǎo)低碳生活,發(fā)展綠色交通和綠色建筑產(chǎn)業(yè),努力形成簡約適度、綠色低碳的生態(tài)文明新風(fēng)尚……“雙碳”布局的背后,是高青對自身資源稟賦、發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和未來前景的清晰認(rèn)知。
在綠色低碳新賽道上,高青不斷“碳”尋最優(yōu)解。2022年10月19日,華能高青唐坊牧光互補(bǔ)暨美麗鄉(xiāng)村分布式能源項(xiàng)目開工,向?qū)崿F(xiàn)并網(wǎng)發(fā)電任務(wù)目標(biāo)發(fā)起攻堅(jiān)戰(zhàn)。
華能高青唐坊牧光互補(bǔ)項(xiàng)目是全國最大單體牧光互補(bǔ)光伏項(xiàng)目,總投資13億元,建設(shè)規(guī)劃總?cè)萘?0萬千瓦,依托高青紐瀾地黑牛養(yǎng)殖園養(yǎng)牛大棚屋頂鋪設(shè)太陽能光伏組件,實(shí)現(xiàn)“棚下養(yǎng)殖、棚上發(fā)電”,投產(chǎn)后將成為資源集約節(jié)約高效利用、加快發(fā)展方式綠色轉(zhuǎn)型的樣板工程。
由華能辛店電廠在唐坊鎮(zhèn)組織實(shí)施的美麗鄉(xiāng)村分布式能源項(xiàng)目,利用農(nóng)戶房頂和坑塘水面、集體用地、村委建筑安裝光伏板,采用全額上網(wǎng)模式運(yùn)營,將大大增加農(nóng)戶與村集體收入,助力地方經(jīng)濟(jì)和零碳小鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)型發(fā)展。
這兩個項(xiàng)目全部建成投產(chǎn)后,每年平均上網(wǎng)電量將達(dá)到3.87億千瓦時,相當(dāng)于節(jié)約標(biāo)準(zhǔn)煤11.5萬噸,減少二氧化碳、二氧化硫等排放量30.4萬噸。
以雙碳生活示范區(qū)建設(shè)為指引,高青把產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展作為重要抓手,推動產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)低碳轉(zhuǎn)型,突出發(fā)展新材料、健康醫(yī)藥產(chǎn)業(yè),改造提升傳統(tǒng)化工、紡織等產(chǎn)業(yè),深入推動產(chǎn)業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)型升級,加快構(gòu)建清潔能源體系、綠色制造體系、低碳生活體系。
大到產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈條構(gòu)建,小到生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)升級,從綠色低碳的新思路、新技術(shù)、新工藝到綠色出行、垃圾分類、節(jié)約用水,“雙碳”生活正變成無處不在、無時不有的自覺行動。
兩項(xiàng)“全國之最”落戶,高青仍未停下“碳”索的腳步。2022年10月26日,位于高青蘆湖街道蘆湖村的“綠意青情”零碳村項(xiàng)目正式啟動。這個在全省率先發(fā)起的零碳村項(xiàng)目,緊盯雙碳生活示范區(qū)建設(shè)任務(wù),引入智慧農(nóng)業(yè)、智慧畜牧、智慧漁業(yè)、光伏能源、林業(yè)碳匯、生活垃圾無害化處理、文化旅游品牌等一系列零碳項(xiàng)目,致力于實(shí)現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村生產(chǎn)方式、鄉(xiāng)村生活方式、鄉(xiāng)村社會發(fā)展三方面的減碳零碳發(fā)展,探索可復(fù)制、可推廣的“高青樣本”,建成后,將成為高青雙碳生活示范區(qū)的新名片。
零碳村給出了“雙碳”生活新的注解。當(dāng)前,高青依托業(yè)已探索出的荷蝦共生、稻漁共養(yǎng)、漁光互補(bǔ)等典型經(jīng)驗(yàn),積極發(fā)展智慧農(nóng)業(yè)、智慧畜牧業(yè)和智慧漁業(yè),打造“農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)方式零碳”模式;通過光伏建材建造農(nóng)民住房、林業(yè)碳匯項(xiàng)目、生活垃圾自動分選和閃蒸礦化處理技術(shù),打造“農(nóng)民生活方式零碳”模式;通過建設(shè)各項(xiàng)文化旅游項(xiàng)目,打造“鄉(xiāng)村社會發(fā)展零碳”模式,走出一條減碳降碳、融合創(chuàng)新、具有高青特色的鄉(xiāng)村振興道路。
黃河過境高青47公里,孕育出天高水清的良好生態(tài)。通過構(gòu)筑沿黃生態(tài)屏障,高青著力塑強(qiáng)全域生態(tài)功能,穩(wěn)定現(xiàn)有林地、濕地等固碳作用,不斷擴(kuò)大國土綠化面積,提高生態(tài)系統(tǒng)碳匯增量。
目前,高青沿黃堤岸淤背區(qū)生態(tài)森林廊道已具雛形,建成步道1.4公里,完成場地平整650畝、樹木種植600畝,成為名副其實(shí)的“天然氧吧”。該廊道通過綠化、撫育等工程,利用國槐、紫葉李、海棠等鄉(xiāng)土樹種,豐富群落層次與風(fēng)景林界面;而通過發(fā)展林下經(jīng)濟(jì)、建設(shè)特色經(jīng)濟(jì)林帶,將生態(tài)產(chǎn)品內(nèi)在價值轉(zhuǎn)化為經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、社會效益和生態(tài)效益,構(gòu)建韌性生態(tài)基底與特色風(fēng)景林帶體系,形成連接城鄉(xiāng)、黃河的連續(xù)生態(tài)廊道。
在通往雙碳生活示范區(qū)的路上,高青正孜孜“碳”求這顆璀璨黃河明珠的綠色未來。
工作人員在高青CCUS示范基地記錄相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)。圖/視覺中國Staff members record relevant data at the Gaoqing CCUS Demonstration Base.
高青縣打造的漁光互補(bǔ)模式,實(shí)現(xiàn)了漁業(yè)養(yǎng)殖與綠色發(fā)電的生態(tài)產(chǎn)業(yè)融合、集約發(fā)展。Gaoqing’s fishery-PV complementary mode has realized the ecological industry integration and intensive development of aquiculture and green power generation.
Gaoqing: “Carbon” Path Leads Green Reform
Gaoqing, as Zibo’s only county by the Yellow River, abounds in such resources as natural gas, oil and geothermal energy, and has a fine ecological environment. In terms of the national strategy of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”, Gaoqing has given its own answer on how to give full play to its basic conditions and advantages to explore and practice the path of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality” under green and high-quality development. Since last year, Gaoqing has been focusing on building a living demonstration area for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and advancing the green and low-carbon reform, thereby achieving the continuous optimization of ecological quality, and significant results in the transformation of “carbon peaking and carbon neutrality”.
According to the joint inspection and demonstration by Sinopec Shengli Oilfield and Qilu Petrochemical Company, the implementation of the CCUS project in Gaoqing will enable Gaoqing to be an important demonstration base for China’s largest CCUS (carbon capture, utilization and storage) whole industry chain, and play a positive role in the building of Gaoqing’s living demonstration area for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality.
On October 19, 2022, Huaneng’s PV-Husbandry Complementary Project and Distributed Energy Project for Beautiful Countryside commenced in Tangfang, Gaoqing, waging a battle against difficulties in realizing the goal of grid-connected power generation. After the full completion and entry into production of the two projects, the annual average on-grid electricity will be 387 million kWh, equivalent to thecoal saving capacity of 115 kt, and the emission reduction of 304 kt carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
On October 26, 2022, the “Greenery-Cloaked” Zero-Carbon Village Project in Luhu Village, Luhu Sub-district, Gaoqing, was officially launched. As Shandong’s first zero-carbon village project, it has introduced a series of zero-carbon projects concerning smart agriculture, smart animal husbandry, smart fishery, PV energy, forestry carbon sequestration, harmless disposal of household waste, and cultural tourism brands, with a focus on the task of building a living demonstration area for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, and is committed to realizing the carbon emission reduction and zero-carbon development in rural production mode, lifestyle and social development.