China’s role as a powerhouse in the global art market means that it is uniquely well positioned to take on a more proactive role in fighting the illicit trade of antiquities.

C hina is experiencing a surge in widespread interest in its ancient archaeological heritage.The country opened an average of one new museum every two days between 2016 and 2020.Last March,a livestream of excavations at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Sichuan Province attracted some four million viewers and over a billion comments and views on China’s twitter-like social media site Weibo.And it demonstrates that the Chinese market in artifacts,antiques,and fine art is booming.In 2021,it was valued at US$13.4 billion,making up 20 percent of the global total,second only to the United States.

根據(jù)前文分析的高校教學(xué)資源庫平臺設(shè)計需求，相關(guān)工作人員可以在JavaEE的基礎(chǔ)上，對教學(xué)教源庫的資源存儲能力進(jìn)行優(yōu)化設(shè)計，滿足高校日常教學(xué)工作的發(fā)展需求。我國部分高校在進(jìn)行研發(fā)設(shè)計的過程中，采用了seafile作為云端網(wǎng)盤存儲的系統(tǒng)軟件。此種軟件具有較為明顯的安全性和穩(wěn)定性特征，可以為用戶提供目前網(wǎng)絡(luò)環(huán)境中主流云端資源存儲軟件的所有功能。在此基礎(chǔ)上，教師和學(xué)生群體就可以利用高校教學(xué)資源庫平臺，實現(xiàn)資源的上傳、在線瀏覽和下載等目的[2]。

Unfortunately,China’s antiquities have attracted more than just tourists,viewers,and legitimate buyers—they have also attracted criminal traffickers and looters.But now,the Chinese government is making a serious effort to crack down on such crimes.

For one,China has strengthened its laws,both nationally and locally.By the end of 2016,there were 154 local laws,138 local government statutes,and more than 13,000 local regulatory documents related to cultural work across the country.China has paired these laws with a much stronger approach to enforcement.In 2021,the country launched a crackdown that caught 650 gangs and resulted in the arrests of 61 of the 62 most-wanted suspects of cultural relic theft.Chinese authorities had recovered more than 150,000 cultural relics from overseas as of September 2021,according to

,a domestic media outlet.

China is also incorporating the protection of cultural history into its broader urbanization planning.This priority is reflected at the very highest levels of the Chinese government.In a message to UNESCO last year,President Xi Jinping emphasized that we “must properly handle the relationship between urban reconstruction and development and the protection and utilization of historical and cultural heritage,and ensure that urban development and heritage protection are well coordinated.”

其次，加強(qiáng)校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理與監(jiān)控隊伍建設(shè)。高校要選擇政治素質(zhì)高、責(zé)任心強(qiáng)、理論素養(yǎng)過硬的人員負(fù)責(zé)校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)監(jiān)控與管理工作，并依托管理隊伍建立完善的網(wǎng)絡(luò)輿情收集與分析機(jī)制，以便及時發(fā)現(xiàn)校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)特別是新媒體存在的傾向性問題，并提出解決辦法。高校要通過對校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)管理隊伍的建設(shè)，培養(yǎng)一批綜合素質(zhì)高的校園網(wǎng)絡(luò)意見領(lǐng)袖，使他們面對突發(fā)公共事件和重大網(wǎng)絡(luò)問題時能夠引領(lǐng)輿論導(dǎo)向，防止網(wǎng)絡(luò)負(fù)面輿論、惡意攻擊行為和其他非理性網(wǎng)絡(luò)行為的出現(xiàn)。

我選擇成為攝影師是出于對民族和文化的熱愛。我對多元的文化、風(fēng)俗傳統(tǒng)和紡織制品都非常感興趣。我可以花數(shù)小時傾聽人們談?wù)撍麄兊纳詈臀幕?/p>

As part of this coordinated effort,China recently generated a plan on how to use tourism to simultaneously protect culture and generate growth.The National Cultural Heritage Administration of China announced a new web platform that provides information about where to see the stolen objects that have been repatriated back to China.It also features a list of missing international antiquities,and includes two databases:the Stolen(Lost) Cultural Relics Information Publishing Platform of China and the Stolen Foreign Cultural Relics Database which are aimed at retrieving lost cultural property.

Beyond its national efforts,China has taken steps to engage internationally to cooperate in the fight against antiquities trafficking.One notable example is the Cultural Property Agreement(CPA) between China and the United States.This agreement shuts American borders to looted antiquities and stolen art from China,while seeking to increase responsible cultural cooperation and exchange between the two nations.The CPA is a valuable tool against illicit trade,benefiting both countries.By restricting the import of undocumented cultural objects—those which lack a so-called “provenance”or paper trail—into the United States,countries like China can deal an effective blow against the global black market.Beyond the import restrictions themselves,the CPA also provides for mutual cooperation,such as traveling museum exhibitions,professional exchanges,and joint research projects.China has similar bilateral agreements with over 20 other countries around the world on the subject of antiquities protection.

China is also engaging intergovernmental organizations like UNESCO,the cultural arm of the United Nations,as part of its strategy to better protect its heritage.In particular,UNESCO’s World Heritage List has become an important platform for China,through which it is securing global recognition for its rich cultural patrimony.In doing so,it is now neck and neck with other top cultural powerhouses,such as Italy,which has 58 designated World Heritage sites.China has 56 sites that have received this status.China is using the international prestige that comes with such a designation as a force multiplier,encouraging local protection of sites as well as domestic tourism,with major economic impacts as a result.For example,only one year after the addition of Xidi and Hongcun,ancient villages in southern Anhui Province,to the World Heritage List,tourism replaced agriculture as the dominant industry in the villages.

In sum,China’s energetic effort to protect antiquities has made significant progress in recent years.As interest in China’s artifacts continues to grow,it will be well served by maintaining national efforts to preserve cultural history and by further pursuing global coordination in the fight against illicit antiquities trafficking.The illicit trade in art and antiquities is a global problem that touches every corner of the world.However,China’s role as a powerhouse in the global art market means that it is uniquely well positioned to take on a more proactive role in fighting the illicit trade of antiquities.As China becomes ground zero for the challenges of antiquities theft,it can also serve as a model for how to fight back and stop their loss.