楊憲益 戴乃迭
A good rain knows its season,
And comes when spring is here;
On the heels of the wind,
it slips secretly into the night.
Silent and soft, it moistens everything.
Now clouds hang black above the country roads.
A lone boat on the river sheds a glimmer of light;
At dawn we shall see splashes of rain-washed red,
Drenched heavy blooms in the City of Brocade.
好雨知時節(jié),
當春乃發(fā)生。
隨風潛入夜,
潤物細無聲。
野徑云俱黑,
江船火獨明。
曉看紅濕處,
花重錦官城。
這是一首五言律詩,作者按先“傾耳聽雨”,再“舉首望雨”,后“閉目想象”的過程和角度來描寫春夜好雨。在翻譯的過程中,譯者秉承忠實與通順的翻譯風格,將直譯與意譯相結合。
《春夜喜雨》英譯為“A Welcome Rain on a Spring Night”。本詩一開頭就用一個“好”字贊美“雨”,譯為“A good rain ”,“知時節(jié)”譯為“knows its season”, 這里把雨擬人化(personification)。頷聯(lián)進一步表現(xiàn)雨的“好”,其中“潛”“潤”“細”等生動地寫出了雨“好”的特點,它們的翻譯分別為“slips secretly into”“moistens”和“soft”。緊接著頸聯(lián)從視覺角度描寫雨夜景色,“黑”與“明”相互映襯, “clouds hang black”和“a glimmer of light”對比強烈。尾聯(lián)是想象中的雨后情景,“紅濕處”譯為“splashes of rain?鄄washed red”,以此表現(xiàn)“花重錦官城”。