張崇文
狀語(yǔ)從句是高考英語(yǔ)必考語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)之一。狀語(yǔ)從句的種類比較多,而且引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞也比較多。一般常見的連接詞的用法學(xué)生能夠較好的掌握,本文從以下幾個(gè)方面探究了引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句的一些特殊連接詞和意義不同的連接詞的用法,以期能幫助學(xué)生全面掌握狀語(yǔ)從句。
一、特殊連接詞
1.引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的特殊連接詞
seeing that意為“既然,因?yàn)椤?in that意為“因?yàn)椋蚴恰?considering(that)意為“鑒于,考慮到”等,均可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句。
典例:Many animal habitats have been destroyed by human beings ________ (in that/so that)human beings need these places to grow food and build houses.
解析:in that。根據(jù)句意可知,空格處應(yīng)填表原因的連接詞引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,in that 意為“因?yàn)椤?,可做連接詞,故本空填in that。
2.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的特殊連接詞
the minute,the moment, no sooner…than,the instant, scarcely(when) …when, instantly等都可引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“一……就……”。
典例:Jenny had hardly went into the factory _________(when/than) her mother phone her to let her buy gifts for her father.
解析:when。本題考查特殊連接詞hardly…when的用法。
3.引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的特殊連接詞
only if意為“只要”;suppose (that),supposing (that)意為“假如”;if only 意為“只要,但愿”;providing(that),provided(that)意為“如果,只要”等,均可引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句。
典例:Inflation can be effectively controlled, _________(provided that/as if) the government adopts comprehensive management measures.
解析:provided that。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,空格處應(yīng)填引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的連接詞,provided that意為“如果”符合句意。
二、意義不同的連接詞
1.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句、原因狀語(yǔ)從句的when
when在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”;when在引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“如果”,相當(dāng)于if或in case;when在引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“既然,鑒于”,相當(dāng)于considering that或者since。
典例:How can he expect to be admitted to one of the 985 universities________(when/even if)he is unwilling to study hard?
解析:when。even if 意為“即使,盡管”引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,when可引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句,意為“既然”。根據(jù)句意可知填when。
典例:Will you obey your parents _______(when/unless) your parents let you do what you don't want to do?
解析:when。分析句意可知本句是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,空格處應(yīng)填when,相當(dāng)于if,意為“如果”。
2.引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句、條件狀語(yǔ)從句的while
while在引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”,僅和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞一塊使用;while在引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“雖然,盡管”,相當(dāng)于although,此時(shí)while一般放于句首;while引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí),意為“如果,只要”,相當(dāng)于as long as。
典例:__________(While/Once) I felt I could go to college, I didn't think I could go to such a good university.
解析:While。根據(jù)句意可知,本空填While,意為“盡管”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。
典例:Our motherland will become stronger_________(while/even if) each of us works hard.
解析:while。本句應(yīng)填入while引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句,相當(dāng)于 as long as,意為“只要”。
總之,在選擇連接詞的時(shí)候,除了要考慮到一般常用的連接詞,還應(yīng)考慮到特殊連接詞和表示不同意義的連接詞,唯有如此才能少出錯(cuò)或不出錯(cuò)。
(作者單位:云南省昆明市東川區(qū)第一中學(xué))
語(yǔ)數(shù)外學(xué)習(xí)·高中版下旬2021年11期