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混合氣體保護脈沖TIG工藝在UHVDC閥冷管道預(yù)制的應(yīng)用

2020-11-17 09:41黑增杰萬陽葉正山
機械制造文摘·焊接分冊 2020年3期
關(guān)鍵詞:直流脈沖間隙

黑增杰 萬陽 葉正山

摘要: 在構(gòu)建全球能源互聯(lián)電網(wǎng)的過程中,UHVDC主要用于高電壓、大容量、遠距離的直流輸工程。換流閥冷卻設(shè)備是UHVDC中重要核心設(shè)備,使用電導(dǎo)率<0.1 μS/cm的超純水冷卻介質(zhì),介質(zhì)流體管道采用304L或316L奧氏體不銹鋼材質(zhì),針對設(shè)備特殊工況要求和母材材質(zhì)特點,經(jīng)過深入調(diào)研及試驗,優(yōu)化并推廣應(yīng)用了一種零間隙混合氣體保護脈沖TIG。該工藝采用零間隙組對裝配,焊件裝配效率同比提升150%,采用3%H2 + 97%Ar低比例混合氣體保護,在焊接熱輸入下降10%的條件下,焊接效率同比提升50%,采用低頻異步脈沖控制焊縫成形,一次焊接質(zhì)量合格率達到98.6%以上。該工藝極大的縮短了焊接準(zhǔn)備時間,提高了焊接加工效率,經(jīng)實際推廣驗證,取得了良好的經(jīng)濟效益和社會效益。

關(guān)鍵詞: UHVDC特高壓直流輸電換流閥冷卻設(shè)備; 不銹鋼流體管道; 零間隙; 混合氣體保護脈沖TIG

中圖分類號: TG 444

Abstract: In the process of building global energy interconnection power grid, UHVDC is mainly used for high-voltage, large-capacity, long-distance DC transmission projects.Converter valve cooling equipment is an important core of UHVDC equipment, use electrical conductivity < 0.1 μS/cm ultrapure water cooling medium, medium fluid pipeline in 304L or 316L austenitic stainless steel material, according to the characteristics of the special working condition of equipment requirements and the base material, after in-depth research and experiment, the optimization and application of a kind of mixed gas pulse TIG zero clearance.Zero-gap group assembly is adopted in this process, and the assembly efficiency of welding pieces is increased by 150% year on year, and 3%H2 + 97%Ar low proportion mixed gas protection is adopted. Under the condition that the welding line energy decreases by 10%, the welding efficiency is increased by 50% year on year. Low frequency asynchronous pulse is used to control the welding seam forming, and the qualification rate of primary welding quality reaches above 98.6%.This process greatly reduces the welding preparation time and improves the welding processing efficiency, and has achieved good economic and social benefits through practical promotion and verification.

Key words: UHVDC converter valve cooling equipment; stainless steel fluid line; zero clearance welding; mixed gas protection pulse TIG0 前言

在國家(特)高壓直流輸電工程(UHVDC)中,換流閥冷卻裝置是重要核心設(shè)備。該設(shè)備本體制作大量采用304L或316L奧氏體不銹鋼管道為介質(zhì)輸送載體,其管道焊接標(biāo)準(zhǔn)按照GB 50235—2010《工業(yè)金屬管道施工規(guī)范》執(zhí)行,對接類焊縫要求單面焊雙面成形,內(nèi)外成形良好,X射線無損檢測合格?;诠に嚦墒於群凸に嚽鍧嵭钥紤],選擇TIG(鎢極氬弧焊)焊接方法?,F(xiàn)階段傳統(tǒng)工藝需開V形坡口,組對預(yù)留2~3 mm間隙,工藝流程復(fù)雜,效率較低,而且質(zhì)量也不穩(wěn)定,已不能滿足現(xiàn)代化企業(yè)高效生產(chǎn)的目的。通過深入調(diào)研現(xiàn)有工藝,開發(fā)了一種混合氣體保護脈沖TIG工藝,參考NB/T 47014—2011《承壓設(shè)備焊接工藝評定》標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進行了系統(tǒng)性焊接工藝評定[1]。針對(特)高壓直流輸電工程不銹鋼流體管道對接焊,總結(jié)出了以下更為先進的Ar+H2混合氣焊接工藝。新工藝組對時不留間隙,焊接效率更高,質(zhì)量更穩(wěn)定。經(jīng)實際測算,焊件裝配效率同比提升150%,焊接效率同比提升50%,一次焊接質(zhì)量合格率達到98.6%以上。對于年產(chǎn)15套閥冷的生產(chǎn)能力的企業(yè),可帶來約230萬/年的綜合性效益。

1 現(xiàn)狀分析

1.1 (特)高壓直流輸電閥冷系統(tǒng)簡介

隨著社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、電力能源需求日益增加及能源資源與用電需求分布不均衡,遠距離、大規(guī)模輸電成為優(yōu)化電力資源配置的必經(jīng)之路。直流輸電系統(tǒng)是構(gòu)成堅強電網(wǎng)骨干網(wǎng)架和進行電力大規(guī)模遠距離傳輸?shù)闹匾绞?。其中換流閥是(特)高壓直流輸電設(shè)備的重要設(shè)備,是交直流電換流的核心作用部件。換流閥均配置全自動熱能內(nèi)外冷卻系統(tǒng),現(xiàn)階段換流閥內(nèi)冷系統(tǒng)如圖1所示,外冷系統(tǒng)如圖2所示,其設(shè)備本體大量采用不銹鋼管道。

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