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冬凌草對(duì)代謝相關(guān)脂肪性肝病脂質(zhì)代謝的影響

2020-11-10 04:36馬文駿史婷婷白明輝陳小偉楊興鑫
關(guān)鍵詞:冬凌草脂質(zhì)低劑量

馬文駿 史婷婷 白明輝 陳小偉 楊興鑫

[摘要] 目的 探討冬凌草對(duì)大鼠代謝相關(guān)脂肪性肝?。∕AFLD)脂質(zhì)代謝相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá)的影響。 方法 通過(guò)高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)大鼠復(fù)制代謝相關(guān)脂肪性肝病模型,選用30只SD雄性大鼠適應(yīng)性飼養(yǎng)1 d后,采用隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為正常組,模型組,冬凌草低、中、高劑量組,每組6只。正常組以普通飼料喂養(yǎng),其他組均以高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)。冬凌草低、中、高劑量組每天分別按照50、100 mg/(kg·d)和150 mg/(kg·d)進(jìn)行灌胃;正常組與模型組每天灌胃與其他實(shí)驗(yàn)組等體積的生理鹽水。HE染色觀察大鼠MAFLD肝組織脂肪變性程度;采用全自動(dòng)生化儀檢測(cè)三酰甘油(TG)、總膽固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰島素(FINS);采用Western blot方法檢測(cè)過(guò)氧化物酶體增殖物激活受體-α(PPAR-α)、固醇調(diào)節(jié)元件結(jié)合蛋白-1c(SREBP-1c)、脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)、乙酰輔酶A羧化酶(ACC)的蛋白表達(dá)。 結(jié)果 正常組大鼠肝組織顯微鏡下提示結(jié)構(gòu)清晰及完整,肝小葉結(jié)構(gòu)正常,肝細(xì)胞索排列整齊;模型組大鼠肝細(xì)胞損傷,可見(jiàn)彌漫性肝細(xì)胞脂肪變,并有肝細(xì)胞氣球樣變,匯管區(qū)伴有炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),部分點(diǎn)狀肝細(xì)胞壞死并有碎屑樣壞死;冬凌草高劑量組大鼠肝臟的損傷程度比模型組明顯減輕,肝細(xì)胞脂肪變性減少,僅少許出現(xiàn)點(diǎn)狀壞死,少量脂肪滴空泡,匯管區(qū)無(wú)明顯炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)。各組大鼠TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、FBG、FINS水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。模型組大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量高于正常組,HDL-C含量低于正常組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草低劑量組TG、FINS含量低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05);冬凌草中劑量組TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量低于模型組,且TG、FBG低于冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草高劑量組TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量低于模型組,HDL-C含量高于模型組,且TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG低于冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。模型組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)低于正常組,SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)高于正常組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草低劑量組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)高于模型組,F(xiàn)AS蛋白表達(dá)低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草中、高劑量組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)高于模型組及冬凌草低劑量組,SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)低于模型組及冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。 結(jié)論 冬凌草對(duì)大鼠MAFLD脂質(zhì)代謝及相關(guān)蛋白表達(dá)具有調(diào)控作用,為進(jìn)一步研究MAFLD的發(fā)生發(fā)展機(jī)制奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 冬凌草;代謝相關(guān)脂肪性肝病;過(guò)氧化物酶體增殖物激活受體-α;固醇調(diào)節(jié)元件結(jié)合蛋白-1c;脂肪酸合成酶;乙酰輔酶A羧化酶

[中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)] R28? ? ? ? ? [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] A? ? ? ? ? [文章編號(hào)] 1673-7210(2020)09(a)-0004-06

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of Rabdosia Rubescens on the expression of lipid metabolism-associated proteins in rats with metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD). Methods The rats were fed with high-fat diet to replicate the metabolic-related fatty liver disease model. A total of 36 SD male rats were adaptively fed for one day, and they were divided into normal group, model group, and Rabdosia Rubescens low, medium, and high-dose groups by random number table method, each with six animals. The normal group was fed with ordinary feed, and the other groups were fed with high-fat feed. The low, medium, and high-doses of Rabdosia Rubescens were given 50, 100 mg/(kg·d) and 150 mg/(kg·d) per day, respectively; the normal group and the model group were given a gavage with the same volume of normal saline as the other experimental groups every day. HE staining was used to observe the degree of fatty degeneration of rat MAFLD liver tissue; automatic biochemical analyzer was used to detect triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL- C), fasting blood glucose (FBG), fasting insulin (FINS); Western blot method was used to detect the expressions of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP-1c), fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) protein. Results The liver tissue of rats in the normal group showed clear and complete structure under microscope, the structure of liver lobules was normal, and the hepatocyte cords were neatly arranged. Hepatocyte damage in the model group showed diffuse hepatocyte steatosis with balloon-like hepatocytes, inflammatory cell infiltration in the portal area, and partial punctate hepatocyte necrosis and detrital necrosis. The degree of liver damage in the Rabdosia Rubescens high-dose group was significantly less than that of the model group. The fatty degeneration of hepatocytes was reduced. There was only a few punctate necrosis, a few fat droplets, and no obvious inflammatory cell infiltration in the portal area. The levels of TC, TG, HDL-C, LDL-C, FBG, and FINS of rats in each group were compared, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The levels of serum TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG, and FINS in the model group were higher than those in the normal group, while the level of HDL-C was lower than that in the normal group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The content of TG and FINS in the low-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group were lower than those of the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05); the content of TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG, and FINS in the medium-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group were lower than those of the model group, while TG and FBG were lower than those of the low-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The content of TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG, and FINS in the high-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group were lower than those of the model group, while the level of HDL-C was higher than that of the model group, and TC, TG, LDL-C, FBG were lower than those of the low-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expressions of PPAR-α and ACC protein in the model group were lower than those of the normal group, while the expressions of SREBP-1c and FAS protein were higher than those of the normal group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expressions of PPAR-α and ACC protein in the low dose of Rabdosia Rubescens group were higher than those of the model group, while the expression of FAS protein was lower than that of the model group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The expressions of PPAR-α and ACC protein in the medium and high-doses Rabdosia Rubescens group were higher than those of the model group and the low-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group, while the expressions of SREBP-1c and FAS protein were lower than those of the model group and the low-dose Rabdosia Rubescens group, and the differences were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion Rabdosia Rubescens can regulate lipid metabolism and associated protein expression in rats with MAFLD, which lays a foundation for further study on the mechanism of the occurrence and development of MAFLD.

[Key words] Rabdosia Rubescens; Metabolism-associated fatty liver disease; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α; Sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c; Fatty acid synthase; Acetyl-CoA carboxylase

代謝相關(guān)脂肪性肝病(metabolic associated fatty liver disease,MAFLD)是一種與胰島素抵抗(insulin resistance,IR)和遺傳易感密切相關(guān)的代謝應(yīng)激性肝損傷[1]。隨著生活方式的改變和病毒性肝病的控制,MAFLD發(fā)病逐年增加,全球成人患病率約25%,已成為我國(guó)第一大慢性肝病(占慢性肝病的49.3%),人群危害日益嚴(yán)重[2-3]。因此,深入對(duì)MAFLD的發(fā)病和發(fā)展機(jī)理研究,找出安全、有效的阻斷藥,已經(jīng)迫在眉睫。冬凌草為唇形科植物碎米椏的干燥地上部分—唇形科小灌木,作為清熱解毒中草藥廣泛用于上呼吸道感染和惡性腫瘤輔助治療。研究還發(fā)現(xiàn)冬凌草具有降血脂、降血壓和調(diào)節(jié)糖代謝等功效[4-5]。本研究為探討冬凌草治療大鼠MAFLD抗脂質(zhì)代謝的作用進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)。

1 材料與方法

1.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)材料

動(dòng)物:SD雄性大鼠30只,SPF級(jí),2月齡,體重180~220 g,購(gòu)買(mǎi)于上海西普爾必凱實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物有限公司[動(dòng)物許可證號(hào):SCXK(滬)-2018-0006],動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)在浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中心[動(dòng)物使用許可證:SYXK(浙)2018-0012]。室溫22~23℃,空氣流通,相對(duì)濕度55%~60%,12 h光照維持,晝夜循環(huán)。實(shí)驗(yàn)期間,動(dòng)物自由攝食和飲水。動(dòng)物飼養(yǎng)及動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)方案均遵循國(guó)家《實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物管理?xiàng)l例》執(zhí)行,并獲得杭州市西溪醫(yī)院醫(yī)學(xué)倫理委員會(huì)的批準(zhǔn)。

飼料:普通飼料由浙江中醫(yī)藥大學(xué)動(dòng)物實(shí)驗(yàn)研究中心提供;高脂飼料配方:基礎(chǔ)飼料69%、豬油10%、膽固醇2%、蔗糖5%、膽鹽0.5%、蛋黃粉10%、復(fù)合維生素0.5%、酵母粉3%。

1.2 儀器與試劑

紫外分光光度計(jì)(美國(guó)Beckman,型號(hào):DU-800);低溫高速離心機(jī)(德國(guó)Eppendorf,型號(hào):5920R);Mini-PROTEAN電泳系統(tǒng)以及Mini Trans-Blot轉(zhuǎn)印系統(tǒng)(美國(guó)Bio-Rad,型號(hào):1658033);水平脫色搖床(國(guó)產(chǎn)華利達(dá),型號(hào):ZD-9556)。

冬凌草(貴陽(yáng)市藥材公司,經(jīng)鑒定為唇型科茶菜屬植物);30% 丙烯酰胺溶液(Bio-Rad公司,批號(hào):161-0156);T-PER Tissue Protein Extraction Reagent(Thermo Pierce公司,批號(hào):78510);BCA蛋白濃度測(cè)定試劑盒(增強(qiáng)型)(碧云天生物技術(shù),批號(hào):P0010);PVDF轉(zhuǎn)印膜(Millipore公司,批號(hào):IPVH00010);SuperSignal West Dura Extended Duration Substrate(Thermo Pierce公司,批號(hào):34075);過(guò)氧化物酶體增殖物激活受體α(PPAR-α)一抗(Abcam公司,批號(hào):ab126285,稀釋度1∶500);乙酰輔酶A羧化酶(ACC)一抗(CST公司,批號(hào):3662,稀釋度1∶1000);固醇調(diào)節(jié)元件結(jié)合蛋白-1c(SREBP-1c)一抗(Abcam公司,批號(hào):ab191857,稀釋度1∶500);脂肪酸合成酶(FAS)一抗(Abcam公司,批號(hào):ab22759,稀釋度1∶1000);GAPDH(Abcam公司,批號(hào):ab181602,稀釋度1∶10000);Goat anti-Mouse IgG(H+L)Secondary antibody(Thermo Pierce公司,批號(hào):31160,稀釋度1∶5000);Goat anti-Rabbit IgG(H+L)Secondary antibody(Thermo Pierce公司,批號(hào):31210,稀釋度1∶5000);HRP conjugated Rabbit ANTI-Goat(Pierce公司,批號(hào):31402,稀釋度1∶5000)。

1.3 模型制備及給藥方法

取清潔級(jí)SD雄性大鼠30只,適應(yīng)性飼養(yǎng)1 d后隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為5組,每組6只:正常對(duì)照組,模型組,冬凌草低、中、高劑量組。正常組以普通飼料喂養(yǎng),其他實(shí)驗(yàn)組均以高脂飼料喂養(yǎng),連續(xù)喂養(yǎng)16周。冬凌草低、中、高劑量組每天分別按照50、100 mg/(kg·d)和150 mg/(kg·d)進(jìn)行灌胃;正常組與模型組每天灌胃與其他實(shí)驗(yàn)組等體積的生理鹽水。實(shí)驗(yàn)大鼠均自由進(jìn)食和飲水并分籠飼養(yǎng),明暗各12 h。飼料喂養(yǎng)至第16周末,前天晚上開(kāi)始禁食不禁水16 h,第2天早上以3%的戊巴比妥鈉(0.2 mL/100 g)腹腔注射麻醉后取血,離心轉(zhuǎn)速2500 r/min,離心半徑為10 cm,離心15 min后保存于-20℃冰箱中隨后進(jìn)行相關(guān)指標(biāo)檢測(cè);同時(shí)取肝組織保存后續(xù)進(jìn)行病理及蛋白檢測(cè)。參照美國(guó)非酒精性脂肪性肝炎臨床研究協(xié)作網(wǎng)推薦的診斷方式,對(duì)肝的脂肪變性、小葉炎癥和肝細(xì)胞氣球樣變3項(xiàng)組織學(xué)特征進(jìn)行評(píng)分,進(jìn)而評(píng)估脂肪肝受損的嚴(yán)重程度[6],作為判斷造模成功的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。

1.3 HE染色觀察大鼠肝組織脂肪變性程度

取各組肝組織用10%中性甲醛溶液固定,石蠟包埋,切片,脫蠟至水,4℃保存,然后進(jìn)行蘇木精染細(xì)胞核和伊紅染細(xì)胞質(zhì),最后脫水封片,用顯微鏡觀察各組肝組織結(jié)構(gòu)及病理變化情況。

1.4 血清學(xué)指標(biāo)檢測(cè)方法

按照試劑盒中說(shuō)明書(shū)方法測(cè)定血清總膽固醇(TG)、三酰甘油(TC)、高密度脂蛋白膽固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(LDL-C)、空腹血糖(FBG)、空腹胰島素(FINS)的含量。

1.5 采用Western blot方法檢測(cè)PPAR-α、SREBP-1c、FAS、ACC蛋白的表達(dá)

采用總蛋白提取試劑盒進(jìn)行總蛋白的提取,采用二喹啉甲酸(BCA)定量試劑盒進(jìn)行總蛋白定量;配制8%~12%分離膠和5%濃縮膠,進(jìn)行十二烷基硫酸鈉聚丙烯酰胺凝膠(SDS-PAGE)電泳分析;蛋白質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)模;轉(zhuǎn)印膜封閉;一抗以一定比例溶于T-TBS,4℃孵育過(guò)夜,采用T-TBS漂洗5 min×4;二抗以一定比例溶于T-TBS(含2%脫脂奶粉),室溫1 h,然后T-TBS漂洗5 min×5,每個(gè)目的蛋白獨(dú)立做3次重復(fù)試驗(yàn);最后采用Image J軟件分析條帶的光密度值,目的蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)量=目的蛋白(光密度值)/內(nèi)參(光密度值)×10n。

1.6 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

采用SPSS 19.0軟件對(duì)所得數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析。計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,兩組比較采用t檢驗(yàn),多組比較采用單因素方差分析,進(jìn)一步兩兩比較,采用LSD-t檢驗(yàn)。計(jì)數(shù)資料以例數(shù)表示。以P < 0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2 結(jié)果

2.1 各組大鼠肝臟組織HE染色結(jié)果顯示

正常組大鼠肝組織顯微鏡下提示結(jié)構(gòu)清晰及完整,肝小葉結(jié)構(gòu)正常,肝細(xì)胞索排列整齊;模型組大鼠肝細(xì)胞損傷,可見(jiàn)彌漫性肝細(xì)胞脂肪變,并有肝細(xì)胞氣球樣變,匯管區(qū)伴有炎癥細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn),部分點(diǎn)狀肝細(xì)胞壞死并有碎屑樣壞死;冬凌草高劑量組大鼠肝臟的損傷程度比模型組明顯減輕,肝細(xì)胞脂肪變性減少,僅少許出現(xiàn)點(diǎn)狀壞死,少量脂肪滴空泡,匯管區(qū)無(wú)明顯炎細(xì)胞浸潤(rùn)。見(jiàn)圖1。

2.2 各組大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、HDL-C、FBG、FINS含量比較

各組大鼠血清TC、TG、HDL-C、LDL-C、FBG、FINS水平比較,差異有高度統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.01)。模型組大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量高于正常組,HDL-C含量低于正常組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。經(jīng)藥物治療后,冬凌草低劑量組TG、FINS含量低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05);冬凌草中劑量組TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量低于模型組,且TG、FBG低于冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草高劑量組TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量低于模型組,HDL-C含量高于模型組,且TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG低于冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。見(jiàn)表1。

2.3 各組大鼠肝組織PPAR-α、SREBP-1c、FAS、ACC蛋白表達(dá)水平比較

模型組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)低于正常組,SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)高于正常組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草低劑量組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)高于模型組,F(xiàn)AS蛋白表達(dá)低于模型組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。冬凌草中、高劑量組PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)高于模型組及冬凌草低劑量組,SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)低于模型組及冬凌草低劑量組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P < 0.05)。見(jiàn)圖2。

3 討論

代謝相關(guān)脂質(zhì)性肝?。╩etabolic associated fatty liver disease,MAFLD),是指肝組織的細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪蓄積超過(guò)肝濕重的5%或者組織學(xué)上每個(gè)單位面積有1/3及以上肝細(xì)胞發(fā)生脂變性,并且無(wú)過(guò)量飲酒史,是遺傳、環(huán)境和代謝應(yīng)激相關(guān)因素所導(dǎo)致的以肝細(xì)胞內(nèi)脂肪性堆積為主要的臨床病理綜合征[7-8]。MAFLD的病理變化隨著病程的進(jìn)展而表現(xiàn)有單純性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝纖維化和肝硬化[9-12]。

冬凌草是一種二萜類(lèi)化合物,其生物學(xué)活性主要包括抗炎、抗癌、抗氧化、免疫調(diào)節(jié)和調(diào)控細(xì)胞自噬等作用[13-18]。值得注意的是,冬凌草能夠減輕四氯化碳、酒精所造成的肝損傷,具體表現(xiàn)為穩(wěn)定肝細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞膜結(jié)構(gòu)、減輕炎癥反應(yīng)和過(guò)氧化反應(yīng)所造成的肝細(xì)胞損傷[14,19]。提示冬凌草可能對(duì)MAFLD具有治療作用。

已有研究顯示[20-21],MAFLD的發(fā)病與脂質(zhì)過(guò)氧化、脂質(zhì)代謝異常、氧化應(yīng)激過(guò)高及IR等因素有關(guān)。而肝臟脂肪酸代謝過(guò)程涉及到多種關(guān)鍵酶(如:乙酰輔酶A、ACC、FAS)和轉(zhuǎn)錄因子(如:肝X受體、法尼酯衍生物X受體、SREBP-1c、PPAR-α)。

本研究通過(guò)對(duì)高脂飼料喂養(yǎng)的大鼠灌以冬凌草低、中、高劑量進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn),發(fā)現(xiàn)在肝臟組織學(xué)上,冬凌草高劑量組大鼠肝臟的損傷程度比模型組明顯減輕,肝細(xì)胞脂肪變性減少;在生化指標(biāo)上,冬凌草高劑量組大鼠血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS含量低于模型組,HDL-C含量高于模型組;在肝臟部分關(guān)鍵酶和轉(zhuǎn)錄因子上,冬凌草中、高劑量組SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)低于模型組,PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)高于模型組。

因此,推斷較高劑量的冬凌草能升高PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá),降低SREBP-1c、FAS的蛋白表達(dá)和FBG、FINS含量,從而達(dá)到提高HDL-C,降低TC、TG、LDL-C,改善大鼠肝臟細(xì)胞脂肪變性和炎癥損傷的效果。探討其作用機(jī)制,可能有以下幾點(diǎn):①激活PPAR-α這個(gè)調(diào)節(jié)肝臟脂質(zhì)代謝的關(guān)鍵因子,促進(jìn)極低密度脂蛋白膽固醇(VLDL-C)和乳糜微粒(CM)的分解;促進(jìn)肝臟的脂肪酸的氧化,降低肝細(xì)胞的脂肪酸的合成;增加肝組織載脂蛋白A Ⅰ(ApoA Ⅰ)的表達(dá);促進(jìn)HDL-C的成熟和代謝;促進(jìn)膽固醇的逆向轉(zhuǎn)運(yùn)等多個(gè)水平參與脂質(zhì)代謝的調(diào)節(jié)[22],從而降低血漿TG 水平,升高HDL-C水平,改善脂質(zhì)代謝水平[23]。②有研究顯示[24],SREBP-1c在肝臟組織中過(guò)度表達(dá)引起糖脂代謝紊亂,導(dǎo)致肝臟等非脂肪組織的脂質(zhì)大量堆積,而冬凌草可抑制SREBP-1c的過(guò)度表達(dá),通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)下游一系列脂肪酸合成和糖代謝靶基因包括ACC、FAS、硬脂酰輔酶A去飽和酶1(SCD1)、磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸羧化酶(PEPCK)、葡萄糖激酶(GK)等來(lái)參與脂質(zhì)自穩(wěn)態(tài)的多個(gè)方面調(diào)節(jié),進(jìn)而抑制肝臟脂質(zhì)堆積。③FAS在合成脂肪酸方面發(fā)揮著關(guān)鍵的作用,與體內(nèi)的脂質(zhì)代謝密切相關(guān)[25],冬凌草可能通過(guò)抑制降低FAS的表達(dá),抑制脂肪酸合成,減少其在肝細(xì)胞中異常沉積。

綜上所述,冬凌草可通過(guò)降低大鼠肝臟SREBP-1c、FAS蛋白表達(dá)和血清TC、TG、LDL-C、FBG、FINS的含量,抑制肝臟脂肪酸吸收和脂肪合成;上調(diào)肝臟PPAR-α、ACC蛋白表達(dá)和血清HDL-C含量,促進(jìn)脂肪酸氧化、肝內(nèi)脂肪分解等,改善MAFLD大鼠肝臟脂肪變性,對(duì)MAFLD的治療可能具有較大的實(shí)用價(jià)值,也為進(jìn)一步研究MAFLD的發(fā)生發(fā)展機(jī)制奠定了基礎(chǔ)。

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(收稿日期:2020-06-01)

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