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Unit 10詞匯要點講解

2020-11-02 02:39李紫薇
考試與評價·八年級版 2020年6期
關(guān)鍵詞:延續(xù)性連詞圍巾

李紫薇

1. scarf n. 圍巾,披巾,頭巾

The price of this scarf is below ten dollars. 這條圍巾的價格不到10美元。

【拓展】 scarf的復數(shù)形式是scarves / scarfs。以fe或f結(jié)尾的名詞,有的把fe或f變?yōu)関加“-es”。例如:knife—knives 小刀;wife—wives 妻子;leaf—leaves 樹葉;wolf—wolves 狼等。

也有的直接加s。例如:belief—beliefs 信仰,宗教信仰;roof—roofs 頂部;屋頂;safe—safes保險箱,保險柜;chief—chiefs 首領(lǐng),頭目等。

2. own v. 擁有;有 adj. 屬于自己的

His father owns a local pub. 他父親在當?shù)赜幸患揖起^。

【拓展】 owner n. 物主;所有權(quán)人;主人

The owner of the store was sweeping his floor when I walked in. 我進去的時候這家商店的店主正在掃地。

3. truthful adj. 誠實的,真實的

She could not give him a truthful answer. 她不能給他一個誠實的回答。

【拓展】 true adj. 真正的,真實的 adv. 真正地,確實地 n. 真理,真實 vt. 擺正

變形:比較級:truer;最高級:truest;過去式:trued;現(xiàn)在分詞:truing;過去分詞:trued

On what grounds do you say that is true? 你根據(jù)什么說那是真的?

We hope your dream can come true. 我們希望你的夢想能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)。

4. among prep. 在其中……之一

He is traveling among a group of tourists. 他正在和一群觀光客一起旅游。

【辨析】 among & between

among用于三者或三者以上的多數(shù)的群體,意為“在……中間”;between主要指兩者之間,常與and連接。

He is the tallest among the three boys. 他在三個男孩子之中是最高的。

He is the tallest between Tom and John. 他在湯姆和約翰之間是最高的。

5. honest adj. 誠實的,正直的

Bob is an honest boy, and we all trust him. 鮑博是個誠實的男孩,我們都信任他。

【拓展】

(1) to be honest 老實說,說實在的

To be honest, you can't pass the exam. 老實說,你不能通過這次考試。

(2) honest的同根詞:honesty n. 誠實;honestly adv. 誠實地;dishonest adj. 不誠實的

(3) honest前的不定冠詞用an。

Everybody trusts him because he is an honest person. 每個人都信任他,因為他是個誠實的人。

6. search v. 搜索,搜查

After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. 我們降落之后,飛機被徹底搜查過了。

【辨析】search, search for & search... for

search作動詞時,意為“搜查,搜尋”,是及物動詞,后面直接跟被搜的對象。

Armed troops searched the hospital yesterday. 武裝部隊昨天搜查了該醫(yī)院。

search for用于沒有“被搜的對象”只有“尋找的目標”時。

We often search for useful information on the Internet. 我們經(jīng)常在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上搜索有用的信息。

search... for 用于搜查某一對象的目的是要找某物時。

They searched the forest for the lost child. 他們在森林里搜尋走失的孩子。

7. consider v. 仔細考慮,思考,注視

consider作動詞,意為“考慮,思考”時,其后可直接接名詞或動名詞形式,即consider (doing) sth. 意為“考慮(做)某事”。

We must consider the final results. 我們必須考慮到最終的結(jié)果。

They are considering traveling to Europe. 他們正考慮去歐洲旅游。

8. while n. 一段時間,一會兒

She likes to lie down for a while after lunch. 她午飯后喜歡躺一會兒。

【拓展】 while還可作連詞

(1) 引導時間狀語從句,意為“當……時候”。

While she was listening to the radio, she fell asleep. 她聽著收音機睡著了。

(2) 引導讓步狀語從句,意為“雖然……但是……”。

While he loves his students, he is very strict with them. 雖然他愛他的學生,可是他對他們很嚴格。

(3) 引導條件狀語從句,意為“只要”。

While there is life there is hope. 只要生命存在,就有希望。

(4) 作并列連詞,意為“然而”。

Some people waste food while others haven't enough. 有些人很費糧食,然而有些人卻吃不飽。

【辨析】 while, when & as

while從句謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞,強調(diào)主從句的兩個動詞同時發(fā)生;while也可作并列連詞,表示兩個動作的對比,意為“而,然而”。

While his mother was cooking in the kitchen, the boy fell asleep in the chair. 當他母親在廚房做飯時,男孩在椅子上睡著了。

when從句謂語動詞既可是延續(xù)性動詞,也可是非延續(xù)性動詞,還可作并列連詞,意為“這時”。

We were about to set out when it began to rain. 我們剛要出發(fā)天突然下雨了。

He had hardly sat down when his mobile rang. 他剛一坐下手機就響了。

I was walking along the bank of the river when I fell into it. 我正沿河岸散步突然掉進了水里。

as則表示兩個變化中的動作的同時性,意為“一邊……一邊……”。

He hurried home, looking behind as he went. 他匆匆回家,邊走邊往后看。

9. no longer 不再,不復

Mr. Brown no longer works here. He left about three years ago. 布朗先生不再在這里工作了。他大約三年前離開了。

【拓展】 no longer = not... any longer意為“不再”。

He no longer lives here. 他不再住在這里了。

=He doesn't live here any longer.

【注意】 no longer多與延續(xù)性動詞連用,指與過去比而不再……,經(jīng)常用于現(xiàn)在時態(tài)中,在句子中位于行為動詞之前,be動詞的后面。

no more = not any more經(jīng)常與瞬間動詞連用,表示“今后不再……”,經(jīng)常用于將來時和過去時態(tài)中。

Now she wasn't afraid any more. 現(xiàn)在她再也不害怕了。

We couldn't stand it any more. 我們不能再忍受了。

【隨堂檢測】

一、根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全單詞。

1. Mom, the juice is not s_________ enough. Add a little more sugar, please.

2. C_________ your homework before handing it in.

3. Although you are young, you can still make the world more beautiful in your o_________ way.

4. I allowed myself to acknowledge my t_________ feelings.

5. He was married a little w_________ ago.

二、用括號中所給單詞的適當形式填空。

1. It is known to all that the G Summit will be _________ (hold) in Hangzhou this summer.

2. It was a really funny joke, _________ (especial) Mrs. Smith could not helping laughing, who was always serious.

3. It's a _________ (shame) to cover this beautiful table with a tablecloth.

4. Never before have we _________ (consider) that we can buy anything at home using a computer only.

5. No matter how old I am, my parents always _________ (regard) me as a child.

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