喻曉路 傅慧
摘要:目的 ?探討腦源性神經(jīng)生長因子(BDNF)在缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌條件下對mPFC腦區(qū)突觸前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的保護作用。方法 ?將18只小鼠隨機分為正常組、缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組、缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組,每組6只。正常組mPFC腦區(qū)低糖DMEM培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng),缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組(OGD/R)mPFC腦區(qū)EBSS培養(yǎng)基培養(yǎng)15 min后復(fù)灌1 h,缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組(OGD/R+BDNF)mPFC腦區(qū)EBSS培養(yǎng)基中加入BDNF培養(yǎng)15 min后復(fù)灌1 h,采用免疫印跡分析和RT-qPCR檢測分析突觸前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的表達量和mRNA表達量。結(jié)果 ?缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA表達量低于正常組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組Synapsin-1蛋白表達量高于缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA表達量與正常組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 ?缺糖缺氧對mPFC腦區(qū)神經(jīng)元突觸有損傷作用,BDNF對神經(jīng)元突觸起到保護作用。
關(guān)鍵詞:腦源性神經(jīng)生長因子;mPFC;缺糖缺氧;突觸前膜蛋白
中圖分類號:R614 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 文獻標識碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1959.2020.17.018
文章編號:1006-1959(2020)17-0063-04
Abstract:Objective ?To investigate the protective effect of brain-derived nerve growth factor (BDNF) on the presynaptic membrane protein Synapsin-1 in mPFC brain under the condition of hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion.Methods ?18 mice were randomly divided into normal group, hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion group, hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion administration group, 6 mice in each group. Normal group mPFC brain area was cultured in low-sugar DMEM medium, hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion group (OGD/R) mPFC brain area EBSS medium was cultured for 15 min and then reperfused for 1 h, hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion administration group (OGD/R+BDNF) mPFC brain area EBSS medium was cultured with BDNF for 15 min and reperfused for 1 h.Western blot analysis and RT-qPCR were used to analyze the expression and mRNA expression of the presynaptic membrane protein Synapsin-1.Results ?The expression of Synapsin-1 protein and mRNA in the hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion group was lower than that of the normal group,the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);Synapsin-1 protein expression in the hypoglycemia and hypoxia reperfusion administration group was higher than that of the hypoglycemia hypoxia reperfusion group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); Synapsin-1 protein and Compared with the normal group, the mRNA expression level was not statistically different (P>0.05).Conclusion ?Glucose and hypoxia could damage neuronal synapses in the mPFC brain region, and BDNF could protect neuronal synapses.
Key words:Brain-derived nerve growth factor;mPFC;Hypoglycemia and hypoxia;Presynaptic membrane protein
1.3統(tǒng)計學(xué)處理 ?采用統(tǒng)計學(xué)軟件SPSS 13.0進行處理,計量資料采用(x±s)表示,采用單因素方差分析,one-way ANOVE進行組間比較,P<0.05 為差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義。
2結(jié)果
2.1三組小鼠mPFC腦區(qū)病理形態(tài) ?鏡檢結(jié)果顯示,三組腦片中細胞核形態(tài)清晰、完整,提示模型制作成功,短時間的缺塘缺氧沒有造成大面積的組織壞死和細胞凋亡,完全符合后續(xù)實驗要求,見圖1。
2.2三組小鼠mPFC腦區(qū)Synapsin-1蛋白表達比較 ?WB檢測結(jié)果顯示,正常組Synapsin-1蛋白的相對表達量為(1.0573436±0.171485464),缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組Synapsin-1蛋白的相對表達量為(0.702825767±0.03653467),缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組Synapsin-1蛋白的相對表達量為(0.845764±0.073608716);缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組Synapsin-1蛋白的表達量低于正常組、缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組與正常組Synapsin-1蛋白表達量比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見圖2。
2.3三組小鼠mPFC腦區(qū)Synapsin-1 mRNA相對表達量比較 ?正常組Synapsin-1 mRNA的相對表達量為(1.00000±1.00000),缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組Synapsin-1 mRNA的相對表達量為(0.4126427±0.299804),缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組Synapsin-1 mRNA的相對表達量為(0.604788±0.271342)。正常組Synapsin-1 mRNA的相對表達量高于缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組,差異有統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P<0.05);缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組Synapsin-1 mRNA相對表達量與正常組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見圖3。
3討論
突觸前膜蛋白Synapsin-1是一種進化中高度保守的蛋白質(zhì),定位于突觸囊泡膜上,是一種與突觸結(jié)構(gòu)和功能密切相關(guān)的特征性膜蛋白,其數(shù)量和分布密度可以間接反映突觸的密度[11,12]。腦源性神經(jīng)生長因子在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中廣泛表達,不僅能促進神經(jīng)元的發(fā)育和分化、細胞存活及突觸可塑性,同時具有抗凋亡、抗氧化、抑制自噬等神經(jīng)保護作用,目前已有的研究表明BDNF與多種退行性疾病有關(guān),可以通過多種途徑保護受損的腦組織[13,14]。腦部缺糖缺氧是腦缺血病患的主要癥狀,可以導(dǎo)致患者殘疾或者死亡[15,16]。眾多研究表明,腦組織缺糖缺氧會誘發(fā)一系列的病理變化,甚至短暫性的缺糖缺氧也會對神經(jīng)元造成一定的損傷,以致患者行為改變。目前,研究認為BDNF在神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中起保護作用,但對于其在mPFC腦區(qū)缺糖缺氧的治療效果研究較少[17,18]。本次實驗通過模擬短暫性腦缺血疾病,旨在觀察外源性BDNF的治療效果。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,15 min的缺糖缺氧腦片沒有對神經(jīng)元的形態(tài)和結(jié)構(gòu)產(chǎn)生破壞性的影響,說明短暫性腦缺血不會造成大面積的腦組織壞死。在對突觸前膜蛋白表達量和mRNA的檢測結(jié)果顯示,缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組與正常組相比,Synapsin-1蛋白和mRNA的表達量降低;缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌給藥組與缺糖缺氧復(fù)灌組相比,Synapsin-1的蛋白表達量升高;與正常組相比,Synapsin-1的蛋白和mRNA表達量基本一致。有報道顯示,Synapsin-1與腦缺血引起的神經(jīng)元損傷和腦梗塞有關(guān),并通過Bcl-XL來影響其病理改變[19]。缺糖缺氧對腦組織的損傷主要表現(xiàn)在突觸形成上,在與運動、學(xué)習(xí)記憶等功能密切相關(guān)的mPFC腦區(qū),可反映突觸形成的突觸前膜蛋白Synapsin-1的表達量存在明顯降低,說明缺糖缺氧條件下突觸形成降低,從而影響患者行為學(xué)的改變。通過本次研究可以發(fā)下,BDNF可在短暫性缺糖缺氧mPFC腦區(qū)中上調(diào)突觸前膜蛋白和mRNA的表達,促進神經(jīng)損傷后突觸形成的恢復(fù),其原因可能是BDNF作為一種重要的腦源性神經(jīng)生長因子對于腦內(nèi)神經(jīng)元具有保護和營養(yǎng)作用,其不僅參與神經(jīng)元突觸的形成,還可影響突觸形成后的功能[20]。
綜上所述,缺糖缺氧對mPFC腦區(qū)神經(jīng)元突觸有損傷作用,BDNF對神經(jīng)元突觸起到保護作用。
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收稿日期:2020-06-04;修回日期:2020-06-14
編輯/成森