中圖分類號： ?Q949.746.5

文獻標識碼： ?A

文章編號： 1000-3142（2020）增刊-0001-254

開放科學（資源服務）標識碼（OSID）：

組2. 密花翠雀花組

Sect. Elatopsis Huth in Bull. Herb. Boiss. 1： 330. 1893; et in Bot. Jahrb. 20： 391. 1895; Nevski in Kom. Fl. URSS 7： 123. 1937; W. T. Wang in Acta Bot. Sin. 10（1）： 75. 1962; et in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin. 27： 356. 1979; Tamura in Sci. Rep. Osaka Univ. 15： 33. 1966; in Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 91： 100. 1990; et in Hiepko， Nat. Pflanzenfam.， Zwei. Aufl. 17aIV： 295. 1995， p. p. excl. Subsect. Aconitoides; W. T. Wang & M. J. Warnock in Fl. China 6： 234. 2001. Lectotype： Delphinium elatum L.

Sect. Delphinastrum auct. non DC.： Malyutin in Bot. Zhurn. 72： 688. 1987.

葉3淺裂或3深裂，稀3全裂?；ㄐ蚩偁罨騻惴繝睢］嗥{色或紫色，上萼片常船形，比距長或短?；ò瓿屎谏蚝稚?。退化雄蕊黑色或褐色;瓣片通常2淺裂，腹面基部之上被黃色，稀白色髯毛。心皮3～5 （～10）。種子四面體形，沿縱棱具狹翅，稀倒卵球形，具橫向排列的小鱗片或長橢圓體形，周圍具1狹翅。

80余種，隸屬于3亞組，廣布于亞洲和歐洲的溫帶和寒溫帶地區(qū)。我國有3亞組的75種，廣布于西南、西北、北部和東北部。

分種和變種檢索表

1. 花序總狀。

2. 萼片多宿存，較大，具明顯脈紋，有較密柔毛，上萼片常具短距。

3. 萼距比萼片短。

4. 葉片3全裂;萼距尾形，長6 mm，粗0.6 mm21.短尾翠雀花Delphinium brachyurum

4. 葉片非3全裂;萼距細圓錐形或近筒形，粗3～10 mm。

5. 葉片3淺裂;萼片長14～17 mm，距筒狀圓錐形，長11～13 mm 28. 淺裂翠雀花D. vestitum

5. 葉片3深裂。

6. 花極密集，組成圓柱形或近球形總狀花序。

7. 莖疏被柔毛， 無黃色腺毛; 全部葉3深裂; 總狀花序有30～40朵花; 萼片長28～30 mm， 距長8～10 mm26. 密花翠雀花D. densiflorum

7. 莖被柔毛和黃色腺毛;基生葉和下部莖生葉3深裂，上部莖生葉3全裂;花序有15花;萼片長20 mm，距長7～8 mm27. 普蘭翠雀花D. pulanense

6. 花不極密集，花序不呈圓柱形或近球形。

8. 復總狀花序。

9. 花梗無腺毛;上萼片長20～27 mm，距長10～15 mm，基部粗8～10 mm30. 克什米爾翠雀花D. cashmerianum

9. 花梗有腺毛。

10. 花梗長5～10 cm; 上萼片長26 mm， 內(nèi)面有毛， 距長14 mm， 基部粗8 mm; 心皮329. 粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum

10. 花梗長2～4 cm;上萼片17 mm，內(nèi)面無毛，距長12～15 mm，基部粗3.5 mm;心皮3～431. 塔序翠雀花D. pyramidale

8. 簡單總狀花序。

11. 小苞片船狀披針形;心皮329. 粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum

11. 小苞片平，不呈船形; 心皮（3～ ） 4～5 （～10）。

12. 莖和花梗被柔毛和黃色腺毛;葉裂片互相覆壓;子房有毛22. 迭裂翠雀花D. nordhagenii

13. 葉牙齒寬卵形，頂端微尖22a. 模式變種var. nordhagenii

13. 葉牙齒寬三角形，頂端急尖22b. 尖齒翠雀花var. acutidentatum

12. 莖和花梗無黃色腺毛;葉裂片互相鄰接;心皮4～5，無毛。

14. 花梗長4～10 mm;萼距長4 mm;心皮423. 四果翠雀花D. tetragynum

14. 花梗長15～75 mm;萼距長6～15 mm;心皮4～5。

15. 葉片和葉柄均有毛;總狀花序所有苞片均葉狀，軸和花梗有腺毛;萼片長14～16 mm，距長6～7 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被黃色髯毛;心皮無毛24. 塔什庫爾干翠雀花D. taxkorganense

15. 葉片和葉柄均無毛;總狀花序基部苞片葉狀，上部苞片不分裂，條形，軸和花梗無腺毛;萼片長20～40 mm，距長14～15 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛;子房頂端被柔毛25. 喬戈里峰翠雀花D. qiaogeliense

3. 萼距與萼片近等長或比萼片長。

16. 種子近四面體形，沿縱棱具狹翅;葉片3深裂，稀3全裂;退化雄蕊裂片2淺裂，稀不分裂。

17. 葉片3深裂或3淺裂;退化雄蕊瓣片2淺裂;心皮3。

18. 萼距與萼片近等長;花梗無腺毛。

19. 萼片披針形，頂端長漸狹;總狀花序簡單，長20～25 cm37. 扎囊翠雀花D. zhanangense

19. 萼片不呈披針形，頂端不長漸狹。

20. 復總狀花序;萼片長16～20 mm，距長19 mm35. 喜山翠雀花D. stapeliosum

20. 簡單總狀花序。

21. 小苞片狹長圓形或匙狀長圓形，長9～11 mm;子房被短柔毛;萼片長12～14 mm32. 匙苞翠雀花D. subspathulatum

21. 小苞片披針狀條形，長3～6 mm;心皮無毛;萼片長14～17 mm33. 厚葉翠雀花D. crassifolium

18. 萼距比萼片長。

22. 莖被腺毛;退化雄蕊瓣片被黃色髯毛。

23. 葉片3淺裂至葉片中部， 兩面被柔毛和黃色腺毛; 總狀花序有8花; 萼片長11～14 mm36. 朗孜翠雀花D. nangziense

23. 葉片3深裂超過葉片中部， 兩面疏短柔毛， 無腺毛; 總狀花序有15～20花; 萼片長18～19 mm38. 毛茛葉翠雀花D. hillcoatiae

24. 萼距長20～25 mm;心皮無毛38a. 模式變種var. hillocatiae

24. 萼距長15～17 mm;子房被柔毛38b. 毛果毛茛葉翠雀花var. pilocarpum

22. 莖無腺毛;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛;葉片3淺裂;萼片長12 mm34. 甘肅翠雀花D. kansuense

25. 花序軸和花梗被貼伏短柔毛34a. 模式變種var. kansuense

25. 花序軸和花梗被開展短柔毛34b. 展毛甘肅翠雀花var. villosiusculum

17. 葉片3全裂; 退化雄蕊瓣片近圓形， 不分裂; 心皮4～5; 萼片長12 mm， 距長22 mm39. 磨頂山翠雀花D. motingshanicum

16. 種子狹橢圓體形， 長1.8 mm， 周圍具一寬0.4～0.8 mm的狹翅; 葉片3全裂; 退化雄蕊瓣片圓扇形， 不分裂40. 門源翠雀花D. menyuanense

2. 萼片脫落，稀宿存，多較小，無脈紋，不被密毛;上萼片多與距近等長。

26. 葉片3深裂。

27. 小苞片船形87. 船苞翠雀花D. naviculare

28. 莖被長硬毛;花梗、萼片外面和心皮無毛87a. 模式變種var. naviculare

28. 莖、花梗和萼片外面均被黃色短腺毛;子房被短柔毛87b. 毛果船苞翠雀花var. lasiocarpum

27. 小苞片平，不呈船形。

29. 花梗無毛。

30. 莖有毛;葉片下面密被短柔毛;萼片外面被短柔毛;子房密被淡黃色短柔毛82. 新源翠雀花D. mollifolium

30. 莖有毛;葉片下面疏被短柔毛;萼片外面無毛;心皮無毛。

31. 莖下部疏被短柔毛;小苞片條狀絲形;萼距長18 mm，萼片長12～14 mm90. 新疆高翠雀花D. sinoelatum

31. 莖下部被長硬毛;小苞片狹披針形或條形。

32. 總狀花序具5～12花;萼距與萼片近等長或比萼片稍短;種子沿縱棱有狹翅77. 伊犁翠雀花D. iliense

32. 總狀花序具 （12～） 18～25花;萼距比萼片長;種子密生小鱗片96. 東北高翠雀花D. korshinskyanum

29. 花梗有毛。

33. 花梗有黃色腺毛或黃色腺點。

34. 花梗有黃色短腺毛。

35. 小苞片生花梗近基部，倒卵形;萼片外面無毛;心皮無毛;種子密生小鱗片95. 寬苞翠雀花D. maackianum

35. 小苞片生花梗中部或上部，披針形、條形或鉆形;萼片外面有毛。

36. 心皮無毛。

37. 花序軸被短柔毛和黃色短腺毛;萼距與萼片等長81. 絹毛翠雀花D. elatum var. sericum

37. 花序軸無毛或只有黃色短腺毛;萼距比萼片長89. 薩烏爾翠雀花D. shawurense

38. 花序軸無毛;萼片藍色89a. 模式變種var. shawurense

38. 花序軸只被黃色短腺毛;萼片白色89b. 白花薩烏爾翠雀花var. albiflorum

36. 子房密被短柔毛。

39. 植株高30～40 cm;小苞片條形;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛91. 昆侖翠雀花D. kunlunshanicum

39. 植株高150 cm;小苞片條狀鉆形;退化雄蕊瓣片被黃色髯毛89c. 賽塔城翠雀花D. shawurense var. pseudoaemulans

34. 花梗和萼片外面有黃色腺點。

40. 植株高15 cm;莖疏被硬毛;萼片比距稍短92. 喀什翠雀花D. kaschgaricum

40. 植株高60 cm;莖被絨毛和黃色短腺毛;萼片與萼距等長85. 新塔翠雀花D. tarbagataicum

33. 花梗無黃色腺毛或黃色腺點。

41. 莖無毛84. 無腺翠雀花D. eglandulosum

41. 莖有毛。

42. 葉和花序密被開展硬毛86. 文采翠雀花D. wentsaii

42. 葉和花序不密被開展硬毛。

43. 小苞片寬2～3 mm。

44. 小苞片橢圓狀卵形或卵形;種子具密集小鱗片93. 長卵苞翠雀花D. ellipticoovatum

44. 小苞片狹披針形、狹長圓形或披針狀條形。

45. 小苞片距花2～6 mm;雄蕊無毛;心皮3～483. 和豐翠雀花D. sauricum

45. 小苞片距花1.5 mm或與花鄰接;雄蕊花絲有疏柔毛。

46. 葉的中央1回裂片寬菱形。

47. 莖和花梗被柔毛;萼距長12～13 mm，基部粗5～6 mm;雄蕊無毛78. 吉隆翠雀花D. jilongense

47. 莖被硬毛;花梗被短糙伏毛和少數(shù)開展硬毛;萼距長14 mm，基部粗2.2 mm;雄蕊花絲有疏毛79. 中尼翠雀花D. tabatae

46. 葉的中央1回裂片楔狀倒梯形;花梗只被短糙伏毛;萼距鉆狀筒形，基部粗3.5～4.5 mm80. 溫泉翠雀花 D. winklerianum

43. 小苞片寬1.2 mm以下，狹條形或鉆形。

48. 萼片外面被短柔毛和少數(shù)黃色腺毛，比距稍長;花序軸和花梗被開展微硬毛76. 烏恰翠雀花D. wuqiaense

48. 萼片外面無黃色腺毛。

49. 花序軸、花梗和萼片外面密被貼伏短柔毛94. 天山翠雀花D. tianshanicum

49. 花序軸和花梗被開展微硬毛。

50. 基生葉1或3，莖生葉4或6;總狀花序長3～6.5 cm， 有3或7花;上萼片比距稍長。

50′. 基生葉1，莖生葉6，葉片上面無毛;總狀花序長3 cm， 有3花74. 阿克陶翠雀花D. actoense

50′. 基生葉3，莖生葉4，葉片上面被微硬毛;總狀花序長6.5 cm， 有7花75. 昭蘇翠雀花D. zhaosuense

50. 基生葉6～8，莖生葉0或2;總狀花序長12～28 cm，有12花;上萼片與距等長或比距稍短88. 鐿鋰翠雀花D. zhangii

26. 葉片3全裂97. 全裂翠雀花D. trisectum

1. 花序傘房狀，或花單朵頂生。

51. 萼片比萼距長;種子近四面體形，沿縱棱具翅或無翅。

52. 心皮4～5。

53. 葉片基部突然呈楔形;莖被柔毛和黃色腺毛;萼距基部粗6～9 mm41. 囊距翠雀花D. brunonianum

53. 葉片基部不突然呈楔形;莖無毛。

54. 葉片3深裂。

55. 花序軸和花梗無黃色腺毛;心皮442. 帕米爾翠雀花D. lacostei

55. 花序軸和花梗密被柔毛和黃色短腺毛;心皮543. 葉城翠雀花D. yechengense

54. 葉片3全裂。

56. 葉全裂片無柄;萼片藍色或紫色。

57. 花2～3朵組成傘房花序;花梗被柔毛和稀疏黃色短腺毛;萼片長17～25 mm，距長8 mm44. 定結(jié)翠雀花D. dingjieense

57. 花單朵頂生;花梗無黃色腺毛;萼片長16～18 mm，距長13 mm47. 珠峰翠雀花D. chumulangmaense

56. 葉全裂片有柄。

58. 葉全裂片的柄長1～6 mm;傘房花序有 （1～）2～3花;萼片藍紫色，上萼片長30 mm，距長7～10 mm，基部粗5 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛，裂片寬三角形;子房無毛45. 申扎翠雀花D. shenzhaense

58. 葉全裂的柄長10～17 mm;傘房花序有1～2花;萼片白色，上萼片長22 mm，距長19 mm，基部粗4 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被黃色髯毛，裂片狹三角形46. 擬冰川翠雀花D. pseudoglaciale

52. 心皮3.

59. 葉片3深裂，稀3半裂。

60. 莖被短柔毛和黃色短腺毛29b. 黃粘毛翠雀花D. viscosum var. chrysotrichum

60. 莖無黃色腺毛。

61. 葉片3半裂;心皮只在腹縫線上有毛，其他部分無毛48. 堆拉翠雀花D. wardii

61. 葉片3深裂超過葉片中部;子房密被毛。

62. 莖和葉柄被貼伏短柔毛;花梗也被貼伏短柔毛，無黃色腺毛;萼距比萼片短。

63. 葉片基部心形;小苞片與花離開，葉狀或?qū)挋E圓形;上萼片船形;退化雄蕊瓣片近卵形，2淺裂50. 察瓦龍翠雀花D. tsarongense

63. 葉片基部近截形;小苞片與花鄰接，條狀披針形;上萼片開展;退化雄蕊瓣片扁圓形，不分裂49. 唐古特翠雀花D. tanguticum

62. 莖和葉柄被開展短柔毛; 花梗密被開展短柔毛， 疏被黃色短腺毛; 萼距比萼片短或與萼片等長51. 黃毛翠雀花D. chrysotrichum

59. 葉片3全裂。

64. 花3朵組成傘房花序。

65. 植株高15 cm;萼片黃色，上萼片長19 mm，距長12 mm，基部粗2～5 mm;雄蕊花絲有疏毛52. 石灘翠雀花D. pseudocandelabrum

65. 植株高5～10 cm;萼片紫色，上萼片長18～25 mm，距長10～15 mm，基部粗2.5～5 mm;雄蕊花絲無毛55. 細莖翠雀花D. nortonii

64. 花單朵頂生。

66. 退化雄蕊瓣片2半裂;萼片長18～27 mm。

67. 葉片下面被短柔毛;萼片內(nèi)面有毛53. 唐古拉翠雀花D. tangkulaense

68. 萼片藍紫色53a. 模式變型f. tangkulaense

68. 萼片黃色53b. 庫塞翠雀花f. xanthanthum

67. 葉片下面無毛;萼片紫色，內(nèi)面無毛55. 細莖翠雀花D. nortonii

66. 退化雄蕊瓣片不分裂;萼片長12～16 mm54. 仲巴翠雀花D. chungbaense

51. 萼片與距近等長或比距短。

69. 種子近四面體形，沿縱棱具狹翅或無翅。

70. 萼片與距近等長。

71. 葉片3深裂。

72. 植株高10～15 cm;萼片長23～25 mm，距長20～23 mm;種子具不明顯縱棱，無翅56. 川滇翠雀花D. smithianum

72. 植株高20～50 cm;萼片長18～22 mm;種子具縱棱，沿棱具狹翅57. 寬萼翠雀花D. pseudopulcherrimum

71. 葉片3全裂。

73. 植株高 （10～）20～55 cm;花梗被柔毛和黃色腺毛;萼片長16～24 mm，距長21～24 mm;心皮5;種子沿縱棱無翅58. 大通翠雀花D. pylzowii

73. 植株高10 cm;花梗無黃色腺毛;萼片長12～15 mm，距長12～14 mm;心皮3;種子沿縱棱具寬翅60. 青海翠雀花D. qinghaiense

70. 萼片比距短。

74. 葉片3深裂。

75. 小苞片與花鄰接61. 巴塘翠雀花D. batangense

75. 小苞片與花分開。

76. 萼片長20～22 mm，距長35～38 mm62. 軟葉翠雀花D. malacophyllum

76. 萼片長13～19 mm，距長16～22 （～25）mm。

77. 萼片邊緣白色，長13～17 mm，距長16～22 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片2半裂，被黃色髯毛63. 白緣翠雀花D. chenii

77. 萼片邊緣不呈白色，長17～26 mm;退化雄蕊瓣片被白色髯毛。

78. 小苞片條形，全緣或具1小裂片;萼距長17～21 mm;花瓣頂端全緣;退化雄蕊瓣片全部黑色，頂端微凹64. 競生翠雀花D. yangii

78. 小苞片橢圓狀卵形，不分裂或3淺裂;萼距長25 mm;花瓣頂端微凹;退化雄蕊瓣片頂部褐色，其他部分黑色65. 雪寶頂翠雀花D. xuebaodingense

74. 葉片3全裂。

79. 小苞片與花分開;植株高6～30 cm。

80. 植株高15～30 cm;葉片寬2.2～4 cm。

81. 花梗密被短柔毛和短腺毛59. 三果翠雀花D. trigynum

81. 花梗無腺毛。

82. 植株高15 cm;傘房花序具3花;小苞片葉狀，長10 mm，3全裂;萼片藍紫色，長14～15 mm，距長17 mm66. 美葉翠雀花D. calophyllum

82. 植株高28～30 cm;傘房花序有4～5花;小苞片不為葉狀，不分裂，呈狹倒披針形或條形;萼片在邊緣呈白色，長11～12 mm，距長20～24 mm67. 雅江翠雀花D. yajiangense

80. 植株高約6 cm;葉片寬1～2 cm。

83. 葉的末回裂片卵形;花1 （～2）朵頂生;萼片長18～25 mm，萼距長22～30 mm;花瓣頂端全緣68. 單花翠雀花D. monanthum

83. 葉的末回裂片條狀披針形;花3～6朵頂生;萼片長15～18 mm，距長20～21 mm;花瓣頂端微凹69. 奇林翠雀花D. candelabrum

79. 小苞片與花鄰接，橢圓形或披針形;植株高15～40 （～70）cm;萼片長12～15 mm，距長15～22 mm70. 川陜翠雀花D. henryi

69. 種子具密集小鱗片。

84. 葉片3深裂;萼片與距近等長。

85. 花梗長2～3.5 cm;小苞片鉆形，長2～3.5 mm;萼片長15～22 mm，距長17～22 mm;心皮4～571. 靈寶翠雀花D. lingbaoense

85. 花梗長3～12 cm;小苞片匙狀條形，長6～14 mm;萼片長14～25 （～30）mm，距長17～25 （～33）mm;心皮372. 白藍翠雀花D. albocoeruleum

86. 花梗密被短柔毛，無黃色腺毛72a. 模式變種var. albocoeruleum

86. 花梗密被短柔毛和黃色短腺毛72b. 賀蘭翠雀花var. przewalskii

84. 葉片3全裂;萼片比距短73. 細須翠雀花D. siwanense

87. 花梗被短柔毛和黃色短腺毛73a. 模式變種var. siwanense

87. 花梗只被短柔毛，無黃色腺毛73b. 冀北翠雀花var. albopuberulum

Key to species and varieties

1. Inflorescences racemose.

2. Sepals mostly persistent， larger， veinous， more or less densely hairy， upper sepal often with a short spur.

3. Sepal spur shorter than sepals.

4. Leaf blades 3sect; sepal spur taillike， small，6 mm long， 0.6 mm across 21. Delphinium brachyurum

4. Leaf blades not 3sect; sepal spur subulate or subtubular， 3-10 mm across.

5. Leaf blades 3lobed; sepals 14-17 mm long， spur tubularconic， 11-13 mm long28. ?D. vestitum

5. Leaf blades 3parted.

6. Flowers very dense， in terete or subglobose racemes.

7. Stems sparsely pubescent， lacking yellow glandular hairs; leaves all 3parted; racemes 30-40flowered; sepals 28-30 mm long26. D. densiflorum

7. Stems pubescent and yellowglandularpuberulous; basal and lower cauline leaves 3parted， upper cauline leaves 3sect; racemes 15flowered; sepals 20 mm long， spur 7-8 mm long27. ?D. pulanense

6. Flowers not dense， and racemes not terete or subglobose.

8. Racemes compound.

9. Pedicels lacking glandular hairs; upper sepal 20-27 mm long， spur 10-15 mm long， at base 8-10 mm across30. D. cashmerianum

9. Pedicels with glandular hairs.

10. Pedicels 5-10 cm long; upper sepal 26 mm long， inside hairy， spur 14 mm long， at base 8 mm across; carpels 329. D. viscosum

10. Pedicels 2-4 cm long; upper sepal 17 mm long， inside glabrous， spur 10-15 mm long， at base 3.5 mm across; carpels 3-431. D. pyramidale

8. Racemes simple.

11. Bracteoles navicularlanceolate; carpels 329. D. viscosum

11. Bracteoles flat， not navicular; carpels （3-） 4-5 （-10）.

12. Stems and pedicels pubescent and with yellow glandular hairs; leaf lobes imbricate among themselves; carpels （3-） 5 （-10）22. D. nordhagenii

13. Leaf teeth broadovate， at apex slightly acute22a. nordhagenii

13. Leaf teeth broadtriangular， at apex acute22b. var. acutidentatum

12. Stems lacking yellow glandular hairs; leaf lobes contiguous with themselves; carpels 4-5.

14. Pedicels 4-10 mm long; sepal spur 4 mm long; carpels 423. D. tetragynum

14. Pedicels 4-10 mm long; sepal spur 6-15 mm long; carpels 4-5.

15. Leaf blades and petioles hairy; raceme bracts all foliaceous， rachis and pedicels with glandular hairs; sepals 14-16 mm long， spur 6-7 mm long; staminode limbs yellowbarbate; carpels glabrous24. D. taxkorganense

15. Leaf blades and petioles glabrous; basal bract of raceme foliaceous， other bracts undivided， linear， and rachis with pedicels lacking glandular hairs; sepals 20-24 mm long， spur 14-15 mm long; staminode limbs whitebarbate; ovaries on apex pubescent25. D. qiaogeliense

3. Sepal spur nearly as long as sepals or longer than them.

16. Seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges narrowwinged; leaf blades 3parted， rarely 3sect; staminode limbs 2lobed; carpels 3.

17. Leaf blades 3parted; staminode limbs 2lobed; carpels 3.

18. Sepal spur nearly as long as sepals; pedicels lacking glandular hirs.

19. Sepals lanceolate， at apex long attenuate; racemes simple， 20-25 cm long37. D. zhanangense

19. Sepals not lanceolate， at apex not attenuate.

20. Racemes compound; sepals 18-20 mm long， spur 19 mm long35. D. stapeliosum

20. Racemes simple.

21. Bracteoles narrowoblong or spathulateoblong， 9-11 mm long; ovaries puberulous; sepals 12-14 mm long32. D. subspathulatum

21. Bracteoles lanceolatelinear， 3-6 mm long; carpels glabrous; sepals 14-17 mm long33. D. crassifolium

18. Sepal spur longer than sepals.

22. Stems with glandular hairs; staminode limbs yellowbarbate.

23. Leaf blades 3lobed to the middle of blade， on both surfaces pubescent and glandularpuberulous; racemes 8flowered; sepals 11-14 mm long36. ?D. nangziense

23. Leaf blades 3parted exceeding the middle of blade， on both surfaces sparsely puberulous， lacking glandular hairs; racemes 15-20flowered; sepals 18-19 mm long38. D. hillcoatiae

24. Sepal spur 20-25 mm long; carpels glabrous38a. var. hillcoatiae

24. Sepal spur 15-17 mm long; ovaries pubescent38b. var. pilocarpum

22. Stems lacking glandular hairs; staminode limbs whitebarbate; leaf blades 3lobed; sepals 12 mm long34. D. kansuense

25. Raceme rachis and pedicels appressedpuberulous34a. var. kansuense

25. Raceme rachis and pedicels spreadingpuberulous34b. var. villosiusculum

17. Leaf blades 3sect; staminode limbs suborbicular， undivided; carpls 4-5; sepals 12 mm long， spur 22 mm long39. D. motingshanicum

16. Seeds narrowellipsoidal，1.8 mm long， peripherally with a narrow wing 0.4-0.8 mm broad; leaf blades 3sect; staminode limbs orbicularflabellate undivided40. D. menyuanense

2. Sepals deciduous， rarely persistent， mostly smaller， not veinous， not densely hairy; upper sepal nearly as long as spur.

26. Leaf blades 3parted.

27. Bracteoles navicular87. D. naviculare

28. Stems hirsute; pedicels， sepals and carpels glabrous87a. var. naviculare

28. Stems， pedicels and sepals abaxially yellowglandularpuberulous; ovaries puberulous87b. var. lasiocarpum

27. Bracteoles flat， not navicular.

29. Pedicels glabrous.

30. Stems glabrous; leaf blades abaxially densely puberulous; sepals outside puberulous; ovaries densely yellowishpuberulous82. ?D. mollifolium

30. Stems hairy; leaf blades abaxially sparsely puberulous; sepals outside glabrous.

31. Stems below sparsely puberulous; bracteoles linearfilirorm; sepal spur 18 mm long， sepals 12-14 mm long90. D. sinoelatum

31. Stems below hirsute; bracteoles narrowlanceolate or narrowlinear.

32. Racems 5-12flowered; sepal spur as long as or shorter than sepals; seeds along longitudinal edges narrowwinged77. D. iliense

32. Racems （12-）18-25flowered; sepal spur longer than sepals; seeds densely squamulose96. D. korshinskyanum

29. Pedicels hairy.

33. Pedicels with yellow glandular hairs or yellow glandular dots.

34. Pedicels yellowglandularpuberulous.

35. Bracteoles situated near base of pedicel， obovate; sepals outside glabrous; carpels glabrous; seeds densely squamulose95. D. maackianum

35. Bracteoles situated on the middle or upper part of pedicel， lanceolate， linear or subulate; sepals outside hairy.

36. Carpels glabrous.

37. Raceme rachis puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous; sepal spur as long as sepals81. D. elatum var. sericeum

37. Raceme rashis glabrous or ongly yellowglanduloarpuberulous; sepal spur longer than sepals89. D. shawurense

38. Raceme rachis glabrous; sepals blue89a. var. shawurense

38. Raceme rachis only yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals white89b. var. albiflorum

36. Ovaries densely puberulous.

39. Herbs 30-40 cm tall; bracteoles linear; staminode limbs whitebarbate91. D. kunlunshanicum

39. Herbs 150 cm tall; bracteoles linearsubulate; staminode limbs yellowbarbate89c. D. shawurense var. pseudoaemulans

34. Pedicels and sepals outside yellowglandularpunctate.

40. Herbs 15 cm tall; stems sparsely hispid; sepals slightly shorter than spur92. D. kaschgaricum

40. Herbs 60 cm tall; stems tomentose and yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals as long as spur85. D. tarbagataicum

33. Pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs or yellow glandular dots.

41. Stems glabrous84. D. eglandulosum

41. Stems hairy.

42. Racemes with very dense flowers， terete or subglobose; stems， leaves and racemes all densely hispid86. D. wentsaii

42. Racemes not with dense flowers; leaves and racemes not densely hispid.

43. Bracteoles 2-3 mm broad.

44. Bracteoles ellipticovate or ovate; seeds densely squamulose ?93. D. ellipticoovatum

44. Bracteoles narrowlanceolate， narrowoblong or lanceolatelinear.

45. Bracteols 2-6 mm remote from flower; stamen filaments glabrous; carpels 3-4 ?83. D. sauriceum

45. Bracteols 1.5 mm remote from flower or contiguous with flower; stamen filaments sparsely pilose.

46. Leaf primary central lobe broadrhombic.

47. Stems and pedicels pubescent; sepal spur 12-13 mm long， at base 5-6 mm across; stamens glabrous78. D. jilongense

47. Stems hispid; pedicels strigillose and sparsely hispid; sepal spur 14 mm long， at base 2.2 mm across; stamen filaments sparsely pilose79. D. tabatae

46. Leaf primary central lobe cuneateobtrapeziform; pedicels only strigillose; sepal spur subulatetubular， at base 3.5-4.5 mm across80. D. winklerianum

43. Bracteoles less than 1.2 mm broad， narrowlinear or subulate.

48. Sepals outside puberulous and sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous， slightly longer than spur; raceme rachis and pedicels spreading hirtellous76. D. wuqianense

48. Sepals outside not yellowglandularpuberulous.

49. Raceme rachis， pedicels and sepals outside densely appressedpuberulous94. D. tianshanicum

49. Raceme rachis and pedicels spreading hirtellous.

50. Basal leaves 1 or 3， cauline leaves 4 or 6; racemes 3-6.5 cm long， 3or 7flowered; upper sepal slightly longer than spur.

50′. Basal leaf 1， cauline leaves 6， blades adaxially glabrous; racemes 3 cm long， 3flowered; bracteoles 4 mm long

74. D. actoense

50′. Basal leaves 3， cauline leaves 4， blades adaxially hirtellous; racemes 6.5 cm long， 7flowered; bracteoles 6-8 mm long

75. D. zhaosuense

50. Basal leaves 6-8， cauline leaves 0 or 2; racemes 12-28 cm long， 12flowered; upper sepal as long as or slightly shorter than spur88. D. zhangii

26. Leaf blades 3sect97. D. trisectum

1. Inflorescences corymbous， or flowers solitary and terminal.

51. Sepals longer than spur; seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges winged or wingless.

52. Carpels 4-5.

53. Leaf blade bases abruptly cuneate; stems pubescent and yellowglandularpubescent; sepal spur at base 6-9 mm across41. D. brunonianum

53. ?Leaf blade bases not abruptly cuneate; stems not yellowglanduoarpubescent.

54. Leaf blades 3parted.

55. Corymb rachis and pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; carpels 4 42. ?D. lacostei

55. Corymb rachis and pedicels densely pubescent and yellowglandularpuberulous; carpels 543. D. yechengense

54. Leaf blades 3sect.

56. Leaf segments sessile; sepals blue or purple.

57. Flowers 2-3 in orymb; pedicels pubescent and sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous; sepals 17-25 mm long， spur 8 mm long44. D. dingjieense

57. Flowers solitary and terminal; pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals 16-18 mm long， spur 13 mm long47. D. chumulangmaense

56. Leaf segments stipitate.

58. Segment stipes 1-6 mm long; corymbs （1-） 2-3flowered; sepals bluepurple， upper sepal 30 mm long， spur 7-10 mm long， at base 5 mm across; staminode limbs whitebarbate， lobes broadtriangular; ovaties glabrous 45. D. shenzhaense

58. Segment stipes 10-17 mm long; corymbs 1-2flowered; sepals white， upper sepal 22 mm long， spur 19 mm long， at base 4 mm across; staminode limbs yellowbarbate， lobes narrowtriangular46. D. pseudoglaciale

52. Carpels 3.

59. Leaf blades 3parted， rarely 3cleft.

60. Stems puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous29b. D. viscosum var. chrysotrichum

60. Stems lacking yellow glandular hairs.

61. Leaf blades 3cleft; carpels only on ventral sutures hairy48. D. wardii

61. Leaf blades 3parted exceeding the middle of blade; ovaries densely hairy.

62. Stems and petioles appressed puberulous; pedicels also appressedpuberulous， lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals spur shorter than sepals.

63. Leaf blades at base cordate; bracteoles remote from flower， foliaceous or broad elliptic; upper sepal cymbiform; staminode limbs subovate， 2lobed50. ?D. tsarongense

63. Leaf blades at base subtruncate; bracteoles contiguous with flower， linearlanceolate; upper sepal opened; staminode linbs depressedorbicular， undivided49. D. tanguticum

62. Stems and petioles spreadingpuberulous; pedicels densely spreadingpuberulous， sparsely yellowglandularpuberulous; sepal spur shorter than or as long as sepals51. D. chrysotrichum

59. Leaf blades 3sect.

64. Flowers 3 in corymb.

65. Herbs 15 cm tall; sepals yellow， upper sepal 19 mm long， spur 12 mm long， at base 2.5 mm across; stamen filaments sparsely pilose52. D. pseudocandelabrum

65. Herbs 5-10 cm tall; sepals purple， upper sepal 18-25 mm long， spur 10-15 mm long at base 2.5-5 mm across; filaments glabrous55. D. nortonii

64. Flowers solitary and terminal

66. Staminode limbs 2cleft; sepals 18-27 mm long.

67. Leaf blades abaxially puberulous; sepals inside hairy53. D. tangkulaense

68. Sepals bluepurple53a. f. tangkulaense

68. Sepals yellow53b. f. xanthanthum

67. Leaf blades abaxially glabrous; sepals inside glabrous55. D. nortonii

66. Staminode limbs undivided; sepals 12-16 mm long54. D. chungbaense

51. Sepals nearly as long as or shorter than sepals.

69. Seeds subtetrahedral， along longitudinal edges winged or wingless.

70. Sepals nearly as long as spur.

71. Leaf blades 3parted.

72. Herbs 10-15 cm tall; sepals 23-25 mm long， spur 20-23 mm long; seeds with inconspicuous longitudinal edges， wingless56. D. smithianim

72. Herbs 20-50 cm tall; sepals 18-24 mm long， spur 18-22 mm long; seeds with longitudinal edges， and along edges narrowwinged57. ?D. pseudopulcherrimum

71. Leaf blades 3sect.

73. Herbs （10-）20-55 cm tall; pedicels pubescent and yellowglancularpubescent; sepals 16-24 mm long， spur 21-24 mm long; carpels 5; seeds along longitudinal edges wingless58. D. pylzowii

73. Herbs10 cm tall; pedicels lacking yellow glandular hairs; sepals 12-15 mm long， spur 12-14 mm long; carpels 3; seeds along longitudinal edges broadwinged60. D. qinghaiense

70. Sepals shorter than spur.

74. Leaf blades 3parted.

75. Bracteoles contiguous with flower61. ?D. batangense

75. Bracteoles remote from flower.

76. Sepals 20-22 mm long， spur 35-38 mm long62. D. malacophyllum

76. Sepals 13-19 mm long， spur 16-22 mm long.

77. Sepals on margin white， 13-17 mm long， spur 16-22 mm long; staminode limbs 2cleft， yellowbarbate63. D. chenii

77. Sepals on margin not white， 17-26 mm long; staminode limbs whitebarbate.

78. Bracteoles linear， entire or 1lobulate; sepal spur 17-21 mm long; petal apex entire; staminode limbs entirely black64. D. yangii

78. Bracteoles ellipticovate， undivided or 3lobed; sepal spur 25 mm long; petal apex emarginate; staminode limbs at apex brown， elsewhere black65. D. xuebaodingense

74. Leaf blades 3sect.

79. Bracteoles remote from flower; herbs 6-30 cm tall.

80. Herbs 15-30 cm tall; leaf blades 2.2-4 cm broad.

81. Pedicels densely puberulous and glandularpuberulous59. ?D. trigynum

81. Pedicels lacking glandular hairs.

82. Herbs 15 cm tall; corymbs 3flowered; bracteoles foliaceous， 10 mm long， 3sect; sepals on margin not white， 14-15 mm long， spur 17 mm long66. D. calophyllum

82. Herbs 28-30 cm tall; corymbs 4-5flowered; bracteoles not foliaceous， undivided， narrowoblanceolate or linear; sepals on margin white， 11-12 mm long， spur 20-24 mm long67. D. yajiangense

80. Herbs ca. 6 cm tall; leaf blades 1-2 cm broad.

83. Leaf ultimate lobes ovate; flowers 1（-2 ） terminal; sepals 18-25 mm long， spur 22-30 mm long; petal apex entire68. D. monanthum

83. Leaf ultimate lobes linearlanceolate; flowers 3-6 terminal; sepals 15-18 mm long， spur 20-21 mm long; petal apex emarginate69. D. candelabrum

79. Bracteoles contiguous with flower， elliptic or lanceolate; herbs 15-40（-70 ） cm tall; sepals 12-15 mm long， spur 15-22 mm long70. D. henryi

69. Seeds densely squamulose.

84. Leaf blades 3parted; sepals nearly as long as spur.

85. Pedicels 2-3.5 cm long; bracteoles subulate， 2-3.5 mm long; sepals 15-22 mm long， spur 17-22 mm long; carpels 4-571. D. lingbaoense

85. Pedicels 3-12 cm long; bracteoles spathulatelinear， 6-14 mm long; sepals 14-25（-30 ） mm long， spur 17-25 （-33 ） mm long; carpels 372. D. albocoeruleum

86. Pedicels puberulous， laking yellow glandular hairs72a. var. albocoeruleum

86. Pedicels puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous72b. var. przewalskii

84. Leaf blades 3sect; sepals shorter than spur73. D. siwanense

87. Pedicels puberulous and yellowglandularpuberulous73a. var. siwanense

87. Pedicels densely puberulous， lacking yellow glandular hairs73b. var. albopuberulum