談到學(xué)數(shù)學(xué)這個(gè)話題,小編可是深有體會(huì)。從小到大,小編學(xué)得最爛的一門學(xué)科就是數(shù)學(xué)。我也承認(rèn),我有“豬一般”的頭腦,但是更可怕的是,我有“虎一般”兇狠嚴(yán)厲的數(shù)學(xué)老師。每一次考試不及格,我都會(huì)被她叫到辦公室“語重心長(zhǎng)”長(zhǎng)達(dá)一個(gè)小時(shí)。最后的最后,小編我也沒有因?yàn)檫@位數(shù)學(xué)老師的“諄諄教導(dǎo)”學(xué)出個(gè)樣子來,而是從理科班灰溜溜地轉(zhuǎn)去了文科班~~想起來就無比心酸啊~要是小編我當(dāng)年也能遇到文章中所說那么“有愛”的數(shù)學(xué)老師,也許前途會(huì)是一片光明呢。
Melissa Block (Host): Sarah Hagan teaches math without books and with color and things you can hold. She gets the kids in her classes out of their seats. Sarah Hagan is just 25 years old, a high school teacher in Oklahoma. NPRs Cory Turner went to meet her and see her passion for math in action.
Cory Turner (Byline): Its easy to miss Drumright, Okla. Less than 3,000 people now live in the faded oil town, and the highway humps right around it. There are no stop lights, no movie theater or bowling alley anymore, just a clutch of small houses and hearty businesses. Theres a funeral home and a Family Dollar and a Dollar General. That makes it hard enough to attract good teachers, says Judd Matthes, the principal at Drumright High School. But it gets worse.
Judd Matthes: We dont pay a lot (laughter) in Oklahoma for beginning teachers. If you go next-door to Arkansas, theyre about $10,000-a-year starting salary difference.
Turner: Which made him wonder why a National Merit Scholar, whod gotten a full ride to the top-notch University of Tulsa, would want to start her teaching life in a place like Drumright, earning just over $30,000 a year. Sarah Hagans answer…
Sarah Hagan: Well, they offered me a job, and it was April and I hadnt graduated yet. And they said come work here.
Turner: That was three years ago.
Hagan: The first time I saw my classroom, it was the most depressing thing Id ever seen. The walls werent all painted one color. There was no dry-erase board. There were no bulletin boards.
Turner: And the floorboards did this.
(Soundbite of floor creaking)
Turner: They still do that, but the rest of the room is now a riot of color. Decorations hang wall-to-wall, floor-to-ceiling, and after each school year, Hagan tears them all down and starts over. Again, Principal Matthes.
Matthes: Its real bright.(laughter) When I walked in this summer, I said, whoa, you went and decorated, didnt you? And shed spent all summer decorating her room.
Turner: To Hagan, visuals matter. She has a math jewelry collection, including a necklace with a pi-shaped pendant—as in 3.14. More importantly, shes remarkably self-assured. When she arrived at Drumright, the school had ordered new textbooks, but Hagan had already decided as a student teacher that she wasnt gonna use textbooks.
Hagan: I dont want to be stifled by that. I mean, I teach a lot of things in totally different order than a textbook would. Turner: To her, the average math book was itself a problem to be solved.
Hagan: So I decided we were gonna make our own textbooks.
Turner: She didnt tell anyone that. She just left the new books in their boxes. Instead, in a trigonometry lesson, she uses stuff like this…
Hagan: My flowerpot over theres a circle.
Turner: And this…
Hagan: I have a roll of tape thats a circle.
Turner: And my personal favorite…
Hagan: OK. So is our spaghetti gonna be able to be the length of the radius of our hula hoop?
Turner: Yeah, spaghetti—its all part of Hagans DIY approach to learning. As for the textbooks they make, they start as blank composition notebooks. Each day, Hagan hands out a lesson shes written herself or open-sourced from other teachers. Its usually printed on colored paper and requires some kind of hands-on work—drawing,coloring, cutting out a puzzle in algebra.
Hagan: OK. So lets cut as much as we talk.
Turner: Theres even some basic origami. Students then glue the results into their notebooks. Eventually, the books look like some dog-eared, bulging relics from an Indiana Jones movie. Hagan argues, if students are allowed to be creative, theyre more likely to remember what theyve learned.
Hagan: The point is that we shouldnt have to be like, oh, yeah, theres that chart on page 763 that tells me how to, you know, classify something. They should think, oh, thats on that blue paper that we did a few days ago and I doodled in the corner or whatever.
Turner: When I visit Hagans morning Algebra I class, the handout is orange.
Hagan: So you need to put a four in the circle where it says unit. And our title of our unit is “Polynomials.”
Turner: And its important, Hagan tells them, not to let wrong answers linger.
Jake Williams: She really tricks us into learning.
Turner: Sophomore Jake Williams.
Jake: Theres so much fun involved in the classroom and, actually, the learning part that we actually understand it and grasp it.
Krissy Hitch: You do, like, puzzles and, like, all kinds of stuff. So it doesnt even really seem like youre learning. But then when you take the test, you realize—youre like, wait, when did I even learn all of this stuff? Like, where did that even come from?
Turner: Thats senior Krissy Hitch. And junior Taylor Russell came in a skeptic.
Taylor Russell: I have never, ever liked math, but this year, I really love math.
Turner: Making it fun matters. In Oklahoma, algebra is high-stakes. If you cant pass the state test, you cant graduate. Hagan even changed her grading system to make sure students know the math. Heres junior Ainsley Flewellen.
Ainsley Flewellen: So you either get an A, a B or not yet. So you kind of—its impossible to fail pretty much. Like, she makes it where you cant not pass her class.
Turner: Hagans no pushover. If you bomb a quiz or an assignment, you do it again and again until you get an A or a B. The key, says Taylor Russell, is youre not struggling alone. Miss Hagans there.
Taylor: Shell, like, stay after school, like, really, really, late with you and help you with it. Ive had to do that multiple times.
Turner: Which explains why, at lunch, students come to Hagans empty classroom just to hang out or ask her for help with an assignment, even if its for another teachers class.
Melinda Parker: She wants her students to be successful.
Turner: Fellow teacher, Melinda Parker.
Parker: Oh, I, we love Sarah. She works so hard, and we got her in Drumright. We got her in Drumright, Okla.(laughter).
Turner: But Parker worries that the young math teacher could burn out. Hagan admits, sometimes, the work does wear her down.
Hagan: And, yeah, theres days where I complain(laughter). And the people I complain to think Im insane because I havent left this place. But these kids deserve better.
Turner: And so she stays, at least for now. Even in her scant free time, Sarah Hagan writes a blog about her experiences in the classroom. She calls it Math Equals Love.
梅麗莎·布洛克(主持人):薩拉·哈根教數(shù)學(xué)不用教科書,而是用色彩和其他你手上的東西。她讓她班上的學(xué)生都離開座位。薩拉·哈根只有25歲,是一名俄克拉荷馬州的高中老師。NPR新聞組的克里·特納對(duì)她進(jìn)行了采訪,了解她用行動(dòng)表達(dá)了對(duì)數(shù)學(xué)的熱情。
克里·特納(撰稿人):俄克拉荷馬州的莊來德是個(gè)不起眼的地方?,F(xiàn)在只有不到3000人居住在這個(gè)蕭條的石油鎮(zhèn),高速公路在這里通過。那里不再有紅燈、電影院和保齡球館,只有一群小房子和核心的商業(yè)區(qū):一家殯儀館、一間家多樂百貨店和一家達(dá)樂日用品零售店?!斑@些條件已經(jīng)很難吸引到好的老師了”,賈德·馬瑟斯說道,他是莊來德高中的校長(zhǎng)。但是情況變得更糟了。
賈德·馬瑟斯:在俄克拉荷馬州我們不會(huì)給剛?cè)肼毜睦蠋煾咝剑ㄐΓH绻闳ヅR近的阿肯色州,他們那兒的入職薪酬每年會(huì)比這里多約一萬美元。
特納:這使他想知道為什么一個(gè)曾在高中畢業(yè)得到優(yōu)秀學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金,并得到一流大學(xué)——塔爾薩大學(xué)的全額獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金的人,會(huì)愿意在像莊來德這樣的地方開始自己的教學(xué)生涯,每年只有三萬多美元的工資。薩拉·哈根的回答是……
薩拉·哈根:好吧,他們給了我一份工作,當(dāng)時(shí)正值四月,我還沒有畢業(yè)。他們說來這里工作吧。
特納:那是三年前的事了。
哈根:第一次看到我的教室時(shí),那是我看到的最令人沮喪的地方。墻壁的顏色不止一種,沒有白板,沒有布告牌。
特納:而且地板是這樣的。
(地板吱吱作響的聲音)
特納:現(xiàn)在地板還是那樣,但是教室的其他地方都充滿了色彩。四處都掛滿了裝飾品,每個(gè)學(xué)年結(jié)束后,哈根都會(huì)把它們?nèi)克合聛碇匦虏贾?。馬瑟斯校長(zhǎng)又有話說——
馬瑟斯:這真的煥然一新。(笑)當(dāng)我這個(gè)夏天走進(jìn)她的教室時(shí),我說:“哇,你把這里裝飾了一番,對(duì)嗎?”她花了一整個(gè)夏天的時(shí)間來布置她的教室。
特納:對(duì)于哈根來說,視覺很重要。她有一個(gè)數(shù)學(xué)類的珠寶收藏,包括一條帶有圓周率“π”形狀的吊墜項(xiàng)鏈。更重要的是,她非常的自信。當(dāng)她來到莊來德時(shí),學(xué)校已經(jīng)訂了新的課本,但是作為一名實(shí)習(xí)老師,哈根已經(jīng)決定不用課本教書。
哈根:我不想受到教科書的束縛。我的意思是,許多知識(shí)我都不會(huì)按照課本那樣的順序來教。
特納:對(duì)于她來說,一般的數(shù)學(xué)書本身就有問題。
哈根:所以我決定我們要自己制作課本。
特納:她沒有跟任何人說起。她只是把新的課本都留在箱子里。相反地,在一堂三角函數(shù)課上,她用了像這樣的東西……
哈根:我那里的花盆是一個(gè)圓。
特納:而這個(gè)……
哈根:我有一卷膠帶是個(gè)圓。
特納:而我個(gè)人最喜歡的是……
哈根:好的。那么我們意大利面的長(zhǎng)度會(huì)不會(huì)是呼啦圈的半徑呢?
特納:嗯,意大利面——這只是哈根動(dòng)手學(xué)習(xí)方法的一部分。他們做的課本,剛開始都是空白的作文本。每天,哈根都會(huì)發(fā)一份她自己寫的或是從其他老師那里得到的講義。這份講義通常都是用彩紙打印的,而且需要一些手工活——畫畫、上色、剪代數(shù)的拼圖。
哈根:好吧。讓我們剪得越多越好。
特納:課上甚至還有一些基礎(chǔ)折紙手工。學(xué)生們隨后把答案貼在他們的筆記本上。最后,這些本子就像一些在《奪寶奇兵》系列電影中出現(xiàn)的折角的、皺巴巴的寶藏。哈根認(rèn)為,如果學(xué)生們變得有創(chuàng)造性,那么他們更可能記得他們學(xué)習(xí)到的東西。
哈根:?jiǎn)栴}的關(guān)鍵就在我們不需要像,噢,嗯,第763頁的圖表告訴我如何,你懂的,進(jìn)行分類。他們應(yīng)該想,噢,那是我們幾天前在藍(lán)色紙上的畫作,我當(dāng)時(shí)在角落還涂鴉了。
特納:當(dāng)我去旁聽哈根早上的那節(jié)代數(shù)課時(shí),講義是橙色的。
哈根:所以你要把“4”放入圓圈里表示第幾單元。我們單元的標(biāo)題是“多項(xiàng)式”。
特納:哈根跟她的學(xué)生們說,別讓錯(cuò)誤的答案留下來,這點(diǎn)很重要。
杰克·威廉姆斯:她真的能誘使我們學(xué)習(xí)。
特納:這位是高二的學(xué)生杰克·威廉姆斯。
杰克:課堂上充滿了樂趣,而且事實(shí)上,我們確實(shí)理解并掌握了需要學(xué)習(xí)的內(nèi)容。
克莉絲·希契:你喜歡拼圖之類的東西。所以甚至你看起來不是在學(xué)習(xí),但是當(dāng)測(cè)驗(yàn)的時(shí)候,你就意識(shí)到——等等,我什么時(shí)候?qū)W過這些東西的?就像是,它們從哪里來的?
特納:這是高三的學(xué)生克莉絲·希契。高一的學(xué)生泰勒·拉塞爾充滿疑慮地走進(jìn)(采訪室)來。
泰勒·拉塞爾:我從來都不喜歡數(shù)學(xué),但是今年,我卻真的愛上了數(shù)學(xué)。
特納:讓數(shù)學(xué)變得有趣很重要。在俄克拉荷馬州,代數(shù)的不及格率很高。如果你不能通過州的考試,你就不能畢業(yè)。哈根甚至為了確保學(xué)生們都能學(xué)好數(shù)學(xué)而改變她的評(píng)分機(jī)制。這位是高一的學(xué)生安斯利·弗文霖。
安斯利·弗文霖:所以你要不就得A或者B,要不就不給你評(píng)分。所以某種程度上說——你不可能不及格。就像是,她不會(huì)讓你不及格。
特納:哈根不是那么容易打敗的。如果你測(cè)試或者作業(yè)搞砸了,你要不斷地去做它,直到你拿到一個(gè)A或者B?!瓣P(guān)鍵在于”,泰勒·拉塞爾說道,“你不是一個(gè)人在努力,哈根老師也在那里陪著你。”
泰勒:她放學(xué)后會(huì)留下來,幫助你學(xué)習(xí),陪你到很晚。我已經(jīng)那樣做很多次了。
特納:這就能解釋為什么在午餐時(shí)間,學(xué)生們都會(huì)到哈根的空教室那里呆著,或者問她作業(yè),甚至是問她其他老師布置的作業(yè)。
梅琳達(dá)·帕克:她希望她的學(xué)生變得成功。
特納:這位是哈根的同事,梅琳達(dá)·帕克。
帕克:噢,我們愛薩拉。她工作非常認(rèn)真,我們把她留在了莊來德。我們把她留在了俄克拉荷馬州的莊來德。(笑)
特納:但是帕克擔(dān)心這位年輕的數(shù)學(xué)老師的身體會(huì)透支。哈根承認(rèn),有時(shí)候,工作真的會(huì)讓她精疲力盡。
哈根:嗯,我也有抱怨的時(shí)候。(笑)我抱怨的對(duì)象他們認(rèn)為我瘋了,因?yàn)槲疫€沒有離開這個(gè)地方。但是這些孩子理應(yīng)擁有更好的生活。
特納:所以她留下來了,至少現(xiàn)在還在。甚至在她少得可憐的空暇時(shí)間,薩拉·哈根也會(huì)在博客上寫她在課堂上的經(jīng)歷。她說數(shù)學(xué)是充滿愛的。