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基于GMD的衛(wèi)星MIMO系統(tǒng)預(yù)編碼技術(shù)

2020-06-22 13:23陶凱陳強(qiáng)

陶凱 陳強(qiáng)

摘要:將全頻率多波束衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)建模為MIMO系統(tǒng),分析其信道特征,在此基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行預(yù)編碼設(shè)計以提高系統(tǒng)容量。針對SLNR/SSLNR預(yù)編碼算法BER性能損失大的問題,基于GMD矩陣分解對SSLNR算法進(jìn)行改進(jìn),結(jié)合其信道特點(diǎn)減小預(yù)處理矩陣的維度,提出GMD-SSLNR算法。首先基于用戶間距進(jìn)行分組,每組分別對等效信道矩陣進(jìn)行GMD運(yùn)算,能有效降低碼流間的增益差,并采用THP方法在發(fā)端抵消掉已知的組間干擾泄漏。分析和仿真表明,相比SLNR-THP及SSLNR-THP算法,算法有效提高了系統(tǒng)的誤碼性能,并降低了運(yùn)算復(fù)雜度。

關(guān)鍵詞:多波束衛(wèi)星;MIMO通信; GMD;SSLNR;低信噪比

中圖分類號:TN927.2? ??文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A???? 文章編號:1007-9416(2020)04-0000-00

0引言

衛(wèi)星通信系統(tǒng) 波束間的頻率復(fù)用能有效提升系統(tǒng)容量[1-2]。根據(jù)文獻(xiàn)[3][4],全頻率復(fù)用多波束衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)可建模為分布式MIMO系統(tǒng),因此可將預(yù)編碼技術(shù)用于多波束衛(wèi)星系統(tǒng)前向鏈路,以提高其系統(tǒng)容量。

經(jīng)典的基于信漏躁比[5](SLNR)和基于塊對角化(BD)的預(yù)編碼[6]算法均有效降低同道干擾,但在工程上是很難實(shí)現(xiàn)的。文獻(xiàn)[7]的的BLR-SSLNR-THP算法中,但當(dāng)用戶有多個碼流時,碼流間的增益差較大導(dǎo)致系統(tǒng)BER性能差。為此,文獻(xiàn)[8]提出了幾何均值分解(GMD)方法,GMD方法將信道矩陣分解成對角值一致的三角矩陣,從而使得每個子信道增益相等。本文利用GMD矩陣運(yùn)算,對SSLNR預(yù)編碼進(jìn)行改進(jìn),并充分利用衛(wèi)星信道特點(diǎn)降低矩陣運(yùn)算量,設(shè)計了基于GMD的SSLNR算法——GMD-SSLNR算法。該算法中,每組用戶的不同碼流具有相同的增益,能夠有效提高系統(tǒng)的誤碼性能。

1 系統(tǒng)模型

2 GMD-SSLNR預(yù)編碼算法

2.1 算法原理

按距離將用戶分為三組: 則第一組用戶接收的信號可表示為:

2.2 算法復(fù)雜度分析

廣義特征值分解的計算復(fù)雜度為[9]。由于GMD-SSLNR算法在每個用戶上進(jìn)行廣義特征值分解,所以算法總的運(yùn)算復(fù)雜度為。每次GMD分解的復(fù)雜度為。因此,由于,則總的復(fù)雜度為。本文的GMD-SSLNR算法單次廣義特征分解的計算復(fù)雜度為。因此其總的復(fù)雜度為。其中,表示每組的平均用戶數(shù)目。而SSLNR-THP的復(fù)雜度為,GMD-SSLNR的復(fù)雜度為??梢姡啾萐SLNR-THP算法和SLNR算法, GMD-SSLNR算法計算復(fù)雜度較小,且隨著分組數(shù)的增多和的增大而減小。

3仿真結(jié)果及分析

本節(jié)對多波束衛(wèi)星MIMO系統(tǒng)采用蒙特卡洛方法進(jìn)行系統(tǒng)性能仿真,將仿真結(jié)果與SSLNR-THP算法、SLNR-THP進(jìn)行對比,如圖1所示。

由圖1易知,在中低信噪比區(qū)域,三種算法的誤碼性能相當(dāng)。隨著信噪比的提升,相比SLNR-THP和SSLNR-THP算法,本文算法的系統(tǒng)誤碼性能有著非常明顯的優(yōu)勢,且隨著信噪比逐漸增大,優(yōu)勢更加明顯。在高信噪比區(qū)域,本文算法優(yōu)于SSLNR-THP算法大約5.6dB,優(yōu)于SLNR-THP算法大約13.2dB。這是由于本文算法通過GMD矩陣運(yùn)算有效消除了各用戶之間的增益差。

4 結(jié)語

本文提出一種適用于衛(wèi)星MIMO系統(tǒng)的GMD-SSLNR算法。算法首先利用SSLNR求得等效矩陣,運(yùn)算過程中充分利用信道特點(diǎn),降低矩陣維度,然后對其進(jìn)行GMD分解。復(fù)雜度分析表明,相比SLNR-THP及SSLNR-THP算法,本文算法運(yùn)算復(fù)雜度相對較低。仿真結(jié)果表明,在高信噪比區(qū)域,本文算法優(yōu)于SSLNR-THP算法大約5.6dB,優(yōu)于SLNR-THP算法大約13.2 dB。說明本文算法通過GMD矩陣運(yùn)算有效消除了各用戶之間的增益差。因此,本文算法有一定的工程應(yīng)用價值。

參考文獻(xiàn)

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收稿日期:2020-02-22

作者簡介:陶凱(1987—),男,山東濰坊人,博士,工程師,研究方向:無線通信。

Precoding Technology for Satellite MIMO System Based on GMD

TAO Kai1,CHEN ?Qiang2

(1.The 54th Research Institute of CETC, Shijiazhuang Hebei 050081;

2.Unit 73676, PLA, Wuxi Jiangsu 214400)

Abstract: Multi-beam satellite with full frequency multiplexing is modeled to MIMO system, and then its channel character is analyzed, based on which the precoding algorithm is designed to improve the system throughput. The existing SLNR/SSLNR precoding algorithms are all with loss of BER. In this paper, the SSLNR algorithm is improved based on GMD matrix decomposition, and the dimension of the preprocessing matrix is decreased because of the channel character and a new precoding algorithm named GMD-SSLNR is proposed The users are grouped based on the distance between them and each group decomposes the equivalent channel matrix respectively, which can reduce the gain difference among the data streams, and the known leaking interference of the transmitter is offset with the THP algorithm. Analysis and Simulation results show that compared to SLNR-THP and SSLNR-THP, the proposed algorithm can improve the BER performance and reduce the complexity.

Key words: Multi-beam Satellite; MIMO Communications; GMD; SSLNR; Lower BER