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中文教育組織的發(fā)展與合作

2020-04-22 10:11:20
關(guān)鍵詞:孔子漢語(yǔ)學(xué)會(huì)

工作坊均由世界漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)中外理事共同主持。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì),共有來(lái)自美國(guó)、加拿大、阿根廷、智利、英國(guó)、法國(guó)、瑞典、埃及、蘇丹、博茨瓦納、澳大利亞、日本、韓國(guó)、沙特、印度、尼泊爾、阿富汗、新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞、哈薩克斯坦、中國(guó)香港、中國(guó)臺(tái)灣等23 個(gè)國(guó)家和地區(qū)的專家學(xué)者參與,人次達(dá)到220 人左右。

亞太地區(qū)漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)吳英成、臺(tái)灣世界華語(yǔ)文教育學(xué)會(huì)理事長(zhǎng)任弘、加拿大中文教師學(xué)會(huì)理事田軍、尼泊爾漢語(yǔ)教師學(xué)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)古馬爾、世界漢語(yǔ)教育史研究學(xué)會(huì)理事施正宇、澳大利亞中文教師聯(lián)會(huì)會(huì)長(zhǎng)李復(fù)新等均介紹了組織情況、工作計(jì)劃等。代表們認(rèn)為,目前國(guó)際上中文教育組織數(shù)量持續(xù)增加,處于發(fā)展上升階段,深化溝通、優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ)是今后工作重點(diǎn)。不少與會(huì)專家也表示,計(jì)劃成立中文教育組織,以達(dá)到團(tuán)結(jié)漢語(yǔ)教師、促進(jìn)漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)事業(yè)發(fā)展的目的。

來(lái)自中外高校、教育公司和出版企業(yè)的發(fā)言嘉賓,從不同角度探討了國(guó)際中文教育多邊合作的重要性和優(yōu)越性。

孜孜華文教育科技(北京)有限公司經(jīng)理史文華以與英國(guó)謝菲爾德大學(xué)孔子學(xué)院的合作為例進(jìn)行了介紹,針對(duì)學(xué)生群體(商務(wù)人士)的需求和特點(diǎn),孔子學(xué)院提供內(nèi)容,公司運(yùn)用技術(shù)手段開(kāi)發(fā)慕課,并升級(jí)為H5 形式的商務(wù)漢語(yǔ)課程。該課程不僅在孔院使用,也在當(dāng)?shù)仉娨暸_(tái)播放,既解決了商務(wù)人士學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間短、缺乏系統(tǒng)性的問(wèn)題,也為孔子學(xué)院增加了經(jīng)費(fèi)來(lái)源。專家們普遍認(rèn)為,多邊合作應(yīng)從以下方面著手:優(yōu)勢(shì)互補(bǔ),充分利用現(xiàn)代科學(xué)技術(shù);促進(jìn)企業(yè)與孔院、高校進(jìn)行資源研發(fā)多邊合作;加強(qiáng)教材研發(fā)中的顯性與隱形、淺層與深層合作;加強(qiáng)區(qū)域間、行業(yè)間、組織間和政府間的多邊交流合作等等。

北京語(yǔ)言大學(xué)中國(guó)書(shū)法國(guó)際傳播研究院院長(zhǎng)、漢語(yǔ)國(guó)際教育研究院院長(zhǎng)崔希亮教授重點(diǎn)從理念、章程、任務(wù)、合作方式、權(quán)利與義務(wù)等方面,提出將孔子學(xué)院串聯(lián)起來(lái)開(kāi)展學(xué)術(shù)交流、人員交流,促進(jìn)成員在聯(lián)盟框架內(nèi)實(shí)現(xiàn)共贏共享;法國(guó)皮卡迪大學(xué)中文系主任閉德世教授提出建立以孔子學(xué)院為中心的中文語(yǔ)言和文化系統(tǒng),滿足全年齡段漢語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)需求;安徽大學(xué)沙宗元教授以智利中文教師協(xié)會(huì)的發(fā)展建設(shè)為例,建議將中文教育組織與孔子學(xué)院一體化,由所在地區(qū)孔院發(fā)起成立,以便深入開(kāi)展中文教育工作;英國(guó)倫敦理啟蒙大學(xué)現(xiàn)代語(yǔ)言中心主任張新生教授建議加強(qiáng)孔子學(xué)院與當(dāng)?shù)貒?guó)際中文教育組織的合作,以資金、學(xué)術(shù)支持等方式帶動(dòng)組織發(fā)展,從而進(jìn)一步推動(dòng)本土中文教育。代表們一致認(rèn)為,孔子學(xué)院是推動(dòng)中文教育國(guó)際傳播的主力軍,積極吸納世界范圍內(nèi)多領(lǐng)域、多類型的中文教育組織共同參與、協(xié)同合作,是助力中文國(guó)際教育的有效路徑,也是優(yōu)化孔子學(xué)院發(fā)展的新向度。

各大學(xué)中文系主任(負(fù)責(zé)人)分享了所在高校的狀況與困境,認(rèn)為總體發(fā)展良好,但仍存在部分問(wèn)題,如有些地區(qū)存在漢語(yǔ)教材水土不服、課程設(shè)置相近等。通過(guò)討論,代表們提出了一些解決設(shè)想,如現(xiàn)場(chǎng)教學(xué)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)教學(xué)相結(jié)合;結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)靥厣?,共同編寫本土教材與大綱;開(kāi)展中外聯(lián)合培養(yǎng)本土教師繼續(xù)教育項(xiàng)目;成立中文教學(xué)組織等。專家們表示,孔子學(xué)院作為推動(dòng)漢語(yǔ)教學(xué)事業(yè)發(fā)展的中堅(jiān)力量,應(yīng)兼顧各國(guó)中文系的發(fā)展情況,通過(guò)學(xué)術(shù)交流、項(xiàng)目合作、經(jīng)驗(yàn)分享等方式將其融入到國(guó)際中文教育整體中來(lái)。

The workshops are jointly held by Chinese and foreign directors of the International Society for Chinese Language Teaching. According to incomplete statistics, around 220 experts and scholars from 23 countries and regions were present, such as America, Canada,Argentina, Chile, Britain, France, Sweden, Egypt, Sudan, Botswana, Australia, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Saudi Arabia, India, Nepal, Afghan, Singapore, Malaysia, Kazakhstan.

Wu Yingcheng, Chairman of the Asia-Pacific Consortium of Teaching Chinese as an International Language,Ren Hong, President of World Chinese Language Association, Tian Jun, Director of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Canada, Kumar, President of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Nepal, Shi Zhengyu, Director of International Chinese Language Education History Research Society, Li Fuxin, Chairman of Australian Chinese Language Teachers’ Association introduced their institutions and work plans etc. The representatives believed that Chinese language education institutions are increasing around the world now and such development is in an upswing.It is the key to deepen communication and complement each other’s advantages for future work. Many experts also planned to establish Chinese language education institutions to unite Chinese language teachers and promote the development of Chinese language teaching.

Guests from colleges, education companies and publishing enterprises in China and foreign countries discussed the importance and superiority of international multilateral cooperation for Chinese language education. Shi Wenhua, Manager of Zizi Chinese Language Education Science (Beijing) Co.,Ltd. showed the cooperation with the Confucius Institute at the University of Sheffield in Britain for an introduction.According to students’ demands and characteristics, the Confucius Institute provided contents and the company used technology to develop the MOOC and upgrade the course to Business Chinese language course in H5 form.The course is not only used in the Confucius Institute, but also played in local TV stations, helping entrepreneurs have more learning time and systematic study and increasing the fund for the Confucius Institute. Experts believed that multilateral cooperation should be carried out in the following aspects: to complement each other’s advantages and make full use of modern teaching technology; to promote multilateral cooperation in resource research and development by enterprises, the Confucius Institute, colleges and universities;to enhance the cooperation in textbook research and development; to strengthen multilateral communication and cooperation among regions, industries,organizations and governments.

Cui Xiliang, President of International Communication Institute of Chinese Calligraphy and Research Institute of International Chinese Language Education at Beijing Language and Culture University, put forward that we should unite the Confucius Institute to perform academic communication and personnel exchange so that members can have win-win results and share benefits under the alliance frame,in terms of concept, constitution, task,cooperation method as well as rights and obligations. Georges Bê Duc, Dean of the Chinese Language Department at University of Picardy in France, put forward that we should establish a Chinese language and culture system centered around the Confucius Institute to satisfy the Chinese language study demands of people at various ages. Sha Zongyuan,Professor of Anhui University, took the development of Chinese Language Teachers’ Association of Chile as an example and advised that the local Confucius Institute should integrate Chinese language education institutions and the Confucius Institute to develop Chinese language education in depth.Zhang Xinsheng, Director of the Centre for Modern Languages in Richmond,the American International University in London, suggested strengthening the cooperation between the Confucius Institute and local Chinese language education institutions and using fund and academic support etc. to drive the development of the institutions so as to further promote local Chinese language education. It is agreed by all representatives that the Confucius Institute is the main force to promote international Chinese language education. It is an effective way of assisting international Chinese language education and a new direction of optimizing Confucius Institute development to actively absorb Chinese language education institutions of various types around the globe to participate and cooperate together.

Deans (principals) of the Chinese language departments in various universities shared the situations and difficulties faced by their universities. They thought that the overall development is good, but some problems still existed.For example, Chinese language textbooks are not suitable for some areas and courses are all similar. Through discussion, the representatives put forward some assumptions, such as combining on-site teaching with online teaching,writing local textbooks and outlines based on local features, conducting Sino-foreign in-service training for local teachers’, and establishing Chinese language teaching institutions etc. Experts indicated that the Confucius Institute serves as the core force to push forward Chinese language teaching development and should give consideration to the development of Chinese language departments in various countries at the same time and fuse the Chinese language departments into the whole community of international Chinese language education through various methods, such as academic communication, program cooperation and experience sharing.

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