建筑設(shè)計(jì)：梅卡努建筑事務(wù)所

Architects: Mecanoo Architecten

（尚晉 譯）

1 鳥(niǎo)瞰/Aerial view

贊斯醫(yī)療中心是荷蘭第一家采用精益設(shè)計(jì)的醫(yī)院。它是一座高效、緊湊的建筑，專(zhuān)業(yè)化的醫(yī)護(hù)與個(gè)性化的診療在這里相得益彰。建筑、城市體、景觀和室內(nèi)以統(tǒng)一的設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合起來(lái)。清晰的線路、充足的日照和良性干擾形成了別具一格的環(huán)境，讓人不會(huì)覺(jué)得這是一所醫(yī)院，而是提升幸福的好地方。

精益設(shè)計(jì)，適應(yīng)未來(lái)

巧妙的精益設(shè)計(jì)區(qū)分了5 種護(hù)理流程：急診、選擇性（手術(shù)）、門(mén)診、臨床和診斷。門(mén)診部的兩層、臨床科室的兩層以及中間的可變?cè)O(shè)施層清晰地重疊在一起，以最佳的方式為這些基本護(hù)理流程服務(wù)。所有的科室設(shè)計(jì)都避免了任何形式的浪費(fèi)。在所有可能的地方，門(mén)診部和護(hù)理科室都采用了標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化，以滿足可換、可變的要求。因此，贊斯醫(yī)療中心是靈活可變、適應(yīng)未來(lái)的。

良性干擾

病人的感受在設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程中具有至關(guān)重要的作用。良性干擾可以降低來(lái)醫(yī)院就診的壓力，促進(jìn)康復(fù)。寬敞的多層大廳給人一種親切的公共建筑感。半圓形的虛空間和天窗、選用的木材、明亮的色彩、良好的聲效以及四周一覽無(wú)余的視野，共同營(yíng)造出一個(gè)怡人的氛圍。醫(yī)院所有的病房都可以由一條內(nèi)街進(jìn)入，還有很多帶頂?shù)牡群騾^(qū)。街的兩端是景觀庭院。墻上的手繪圖、玻璃隔斷和直梯讓人聯(lián)想到贊丹地區(qū)的工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)。一個(gè)特別的螺旋滑梯讓孩子們像探險(xiǎn)一樣穿越各層。

康養(yǎng)區(qū)

贊斯醫(yī)療中心旁邊是康養(yǎng)大道，那里有一座康復(fù)賓館、藥房、眼科診所、各種店鋪、一家超市和車(chē)庫(kù)。這些被設(shè)計(jì)為一座小鎮(zhèn)。醫(yī)療中心與相關(guān)康養(yǎng)設(shè)施的巧妙結(jié)合形成了贊丹及該地區(qū)的康養(yǎng)區(qū)。這座醫(yī)院由贊斯醫(yī)療中心和Vitaal ZorgVast 設(shè)計(jì)，BAM 在工期和預(yù)算內(nèi)建成。SILO 公司負(fù)責(zé)圖像設(shè)計(jì)和環(huán)境標(biāo)示。該建筑獲得BREEAM 優(yōu)良級(jí)認(rèn)證?！?/p>

2 總平面/Site plan

（尚晉 譯）

Zaans Medical Centre is the first lean hospital in the Netherlands. It is an efficient and compact building in which professional healthcare and a personal approach strengthen each other. Architecture, urbanism, landscape and interior are brought together in a coherent design. Clear routing, an abundance of daylight, and positive distractions contribute to an environment that does not feel like a hospital, but as a place that promotes wellbeing.

Lean and future-proof

The smart lean design identifies five care processes: acute, elective, outpatient, clinic, and diagnostics. The clear stacking of two floors of outpatient clinics, two floors of clinical departments and a flexible facility layer between them, optimally serves these primary care processes. All departments are designed to prevent any form of waste. Whenever possible, the outpatient clinics and nursing departments are standardised, allowing for exchangeability and adaptability. The Zaans Medical Centre is therefore flexible and future-proof.

Positive distractions

The patient experience played a crucial role in the design process. Positive distractions can reduce the stress of a hospital visit and advance recovery. The spacious multi-storeyed lobby has the feel of a welcoming public building. Semi-circular voids and skylights, the use of wood, bright colours, good acoustics and unobstructed views of the surroundings provide a pleasant atmosphere. All hospital wards can be accessed from an internal street with many sheltered waiting areas. At either end of the street is a landscaped courtyard. Handdrawn illustrations on walls, glazed partitions, and lifts refer to the industrial heritage of the Zaan region. A special spiral slide offers children an adventurous way to travel between levels.

父母應(yīng)該對(duì)家庭教育的狀況有所監(jiān)控和覺(jué)察。但很多年輕父母對(duì)家庭教育問(wèn)題后知后覺(jué)，家庭教育失當(dāng)而不自知，導(dǎo)致家庭教育問(wèn)題無(wú)法得到及時(shí)妥善的解決。很多家庭教育問(wèn)題是隨著孩子的學(xué)業(yè)問(wèn)題或者品性問(wèn)題而暴露，也有的家庭教育問(wèn)題等到孩子成年才被覺(jué)察，因而錯(cuò)過(guò)了教育的最佳時(shí)機(jī)。

Health district

Adjacent to the Zaans Medical Centre lies a health boulevard with a rehabilitation hotel, a pharmacy, eye clinic, various shops, a supermarket and a parking garage, designed to function as a small town. The smart combination of the medical centre and related healthcare services results in a health district for Zaandam and the region. The hospital was developed by the Zaans Medical Centre and Vitaal ZorgVast, and constructed by BAM, within time and budget. SILO Agency designed the illustrations and environmental graphics. The building is BREEAM Very Good certified.□

項(xiàng)目信息/Credits and Data

客戶/Client: Zaans Medisch Centrum, Zaandam; Vitaal ZorgVast, Bunnik

結(jié)構(gòu)工程/Structural Engineer: BAM Advies & Engineering, Bunnik

機(jī)械工程/Mechanical Engineer: Ingenieursbureau Linssen b.v., Amsterdam

建筑物理顧問(wèn)/Building Physics Consultant: DGMR Raadgevende Ingenieurs B.V., Arnhem

建筑面積/Area: 38,500m2

設(shè)計(jì)時(shí)間/Design Period: 2012-2014

攝影/Photos: Mecanoo Architecten

3 主入口/Main entrance

4 一覽無(wú)余的空間環(huán)境/Unobstructed views of the surroundings

5 木材的使用/The use of wood

9 四層平面/Third floor plan

8 三層平面/Second floor plan

10 五層平面/Fourth floor plan

11.12 寬敞的多層大廳/The muti-storey lobby

13 天窗采光的大廳/The skylight

14 剖面/Sections

15 墻上的手繪呼應(yīng)了贊斯地區(qū)的工業(yè)遺產(chǎn)/Hand-drawn illustrations on walls refer to the industrial heritage of the Zaan region

評(píng)論

周靜敏：該項(xiàng)目以弧線作為貫穿始終的設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言，從建筑形體、中庭空間、屋頂天窗、室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)等方面均可以看到該元素的運(yùn)用。這對(duì)于一個(gè)醫(yī)療中心而言，無(wú)疑有利于營(yíng)造一種柔和、舒緩的空間氛圍。而圍合形成的庭院、景觀系統(tǒng)與室內(nèi)中庭的結(jié)合，也為使用者提供了良好的視野與交流的機(jī)會(huì)。 此外，建筑師還致力于利用家具、色彩、材質(zhì)等多種要素與使用者產(chǎn)生互動(dòng)，減少醫(yī)療中心所帶來(lái)的冰冷的印象，創(chuàng)造溫暖而親切的感受。

更難能可貴的是，項(xiàng)目盡可能地創(chuàng)造了靈活可變的空間，以適應(yīng)未來(lái)可能發(fā)生的功能改變。這是對(duì)于可持續(xù)發(fā)展趨勢(shì)的順應(yīng)，也是建筑提升耐久性、實(shí)現(xiàn)長(zhǎng)壽化的基礎(chǔ)。

王小榮：贊斯醫(yī)療中心展現(xiàn)了當(dāng)代醫(yī)療建筑設(shè)計(jì)的發(fā)展趨勢(shì)——人性化設(shè)計(jì)，也蘊(yùn)含了當(dāng)代無(wú)障礙設(shè)計(jì)理念的發(fā)展，即更為“通用”和“包容”的空間氛圍。無(wú)論是候診街區(qū)、醫(yī)療小鎮(zhèn)概念的融入，還是溫暖、活躍的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)格調(diào)，或是景觀庭院的通透交融，都是對(duì)患者心理上的寬慰，緩解就醫(yī)帶來(lái)的不安。

細(xì)節(jié)的設(shè)計(jì)更彰顯了無(wú)障礙設(shè)計(jì)理念的實(shí)施，清晰的導(dǎo)引流線，無(wú)高差的各空間地面平順銜接，包括室內(nèi)外及室內(nèi)各不同材質(zhì)的對(duì)接也都平整無(wú)檻，可以順暢無(wú)礙的到達(dá)各目的空間。引導(dǎo)標(biāo)識(shí)不僅尺度大、對(duì)比度高，還考慮了發(fā)光和照明，提供了良好的信息指引。

Comments

ZHOU Jingmin: This project used arc as the underpinning design element, which can be seen in the architectural form, atrium space, ceiling skylight and interior design. For a medical centre, this is undoubtedly conducive to creating a soft and relaxing atmosphere of space. The combination of the enclosed courtyard, landscape system and indoor atrium also provides users with good view and communication opportunities. In addition, the architect is also committed to using furniture, colour, material and other elements to interact with users, reducing the cold impression brought by the medical centre, and creating a warm and friendly feeling.

What is even more valuable is that the project creates as much flexible and variable spaces as possible to adapt to future functional changes that may occur. This is an adaptation to the trend of sustainable development, and also the basis for architecture to enhance durability and achieve longevity. (Translated by CHEN Yuxiao)

WANG Xiaorong: Zaans Medical Centre shows the development trend of contemporary medical architecture design, which is humanised design, and it also contains the development of new accessible design philosophy, that is, more "universal" and "inclusive" space atmosphere. Whether the integration concepts of "waiting street" and "medical town concept", the warm and active interior design style, or the transparency of landscape courtyard, is a psychological relief for patients to ease the anxiety caused by medical treatment.

The detail design highlights the implementation of accessible design concept, such as the clear guiding streamline, the smooth connection of different spaces without elevation difference, and the smooth and unobstructed joints of various materials indoors and outdoors, which could arrive at each destination space. The signages are all with large scale, high contrast, and considered Luminescence and illumination, providing good information guidance. (Translated by JIAO Weiyang)

16 特制的旋轉(zhuǎn)滑梯為兒童提供了樓層之間探險(xiǎn)的通道/A special spiral slide offers children an adventurous way to travel between levels

17.18 明亮的室內(nèi)色彩/The bright colours