孫啟祿

美國紐約大學和密歇根州立大學的研究人員在2018年早些時候成功研發(fā)了被他們稱作“深度萬能指紋”的人工指紋。研究人員稱它們可以解鎖大約1/3的采用指紋解鎖的智能手機。

Artificial fingerprints have been developed by researchers who said they could one day be used to hack into（侵入） everyday devices. Re?

searchers from New York University and Michigan State University successfully generated what they called “Deep Master Prints” earlier this year. These are machine?learning methods that act as a kind of “master key” which have the potential to unlock around one in three fingerprint?protected smartphones.

In the paper released in October， the authors said artificial fingerprints could be “used by an adversary（對手） to launch an attack...that can compromise the security of a fingerprint?based recognition system”.

“Phones and many more devices dont cap?ture your entire fingerprint，” the researchers said. “Theres not enough space on the device， so they capture a partial fingerprint—which is not as secure as the full image. People assume the device stitches（縫補） images of their fingerprint together， but thats not really what happens—it keeps sets of partial fingerprints.”

For each finger stored in place of a password， the device keeps multiple images. If someone then uses their finger to unlock that device， they only need to match one of the partial fingerprint images on its security system.

Many developers were already making fingerprint scanners more secure by moving sensors from devices buttons to screens， allowing them to pick up higher resolution images.

“Some smartphones have the sensors on the side buttons， which are very thin—theyre convenient but less secure，” the researchers said. “Their sensors only register a quarter or so of the fingerprints features.”

Most smartphones give users the option to set up fingerprint recognition as a way to access their device， as well as a way to verify payments and unlock bank accounts. Amazons UK site offers more than 2，000 products relating to fingerprint security， including padlocks and safes.

Reading Check

1.Why do many devices fail to capture the users entire fingerprint？

A.The device can stitch images of the users fingerprint together.

B.The device doesnt have enough space for the fingerprint.

C.The device can record only parts of the users fingerprint.

D.The device can compromise the security of a recognition system.

2.What does the underlined word “verify” in the last paragraph most probably mean？

A.Confirm. B.Produce.

C.Exchange. D.Copy.

Language Study

Ⅰ.Important vocabulary in the text

1.develop v. 發(fā)展;開發(fā)

2.generate v. 產(chǎn)生

3.compromise v. 使陷入危險

4.security n. 安全

5.capture v. 捕捉

6.partial adj. 部分的

7.multiple adj. 多種多樣的

Ⅱ.Difficult sentence

These are machine?learning methods that act as a kind of “master key” which have the potential to unlock around one in three fingerprint?protected smartphones.這些機器學習方法作為一種“萬能鑰匙”，有可能解鎖三分之一的受指紋保護的智能手機。

【點石成金】本句是一個復合句。These are

machine?learning methods是主句，that act as a kind of “master key”是定語從句修飾methods，which have the potential to...也是定語從句修飾“master key”，to unlock...是動詞不定式短語作定語。