高曉輝
摘要:地鐵車(chē)站多位于城市的中心地段,車(chē)站施工過(guò)程中,考慮工期、環(huán)境等因素,多采用明挖法施工,城市地下管網(wǎng)與地鐵車(chē)站交叉較多。如何在地鐵車(chē)站施工過(guò)程中,保證自身施工安全和減少對(duì)周邊管線及周邊建筑物的影響成為地鐵施工的重難點(diǎn)。該文介紹了樁錨形式明挖基坑與相鄰電力豎井的位置關(guān)系,分析電力豎井與基坑的支護(hù)形式,根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況,經(jīng)濟(jì)效益及安全質(zhì)量要求,確定了車(chē)站基坑的加強(qiáng)支護(hù)措施,為建筑物的安全提供了有力的保障,也為后續(xù)車(chē)站施工提供有效的案例分析。
Abstract: Metro stations are mostly located in the central part of the city. During the construction of the station, considering the construction period, environment and other factors, the open-excavation method is used for construction. The urban underground pipe network and the subway station cross more. How to ensure the safety of construction and reduce the influence on surrounding pipelines and surrounding buildings during the construction of subway stations has become a difficult point in subway construction. This paper introduces the positional relationship between the excavation foundation pit and the adjacent electric shaft in the pile anchor form, analyzes the support form of the electric shaft and the foundation pit, and determines the strengthening support measures of the station foundation pit according to the actual situation, economic benefit and safety quality requirements, to provide a strong guarantee for the safety of the buildings and provide an effective case analysis for the subsequent station construction.
關(guān)鍵詞:地鐵基坑;相鄰豎井;支護(hù);優(yōu)化;安全
Key words: subway foundation pit;adjacent shaft;supporting;optimization;safaty
中圖分類號(hào):U231+.3 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼:A ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?文章編號(hào):1006-4311(2019)09-0102-03
1 ?工程概況
石家莊市站后地下停車(chē)場(chǎng)位于京廣東街及勝利大街之間,起訖里程為右YDK11+312.516~YDK11+817.436(左線里程ZDK11+352.924~ZDK11+811.947),緊鄰石家莊新火車(chē)站,站場(chǎng)周邊環(huán)境較為開(kāi)闊。停車(chē)場(chǎng)3期,施工里程YDK11+553.536~YDK11+654.836,基坑采用圍護(hù)樁+錨索支護(hù),明挖法施工。
本段工程進(jìn)行施工準(zhǔn)備期間,在停車(chē)場(chǎng)南側(cè)和匯華路之間的位置,在約YDK11+553.5~YDK11+626.2范圍內(nèi),新增一處電力工程。該電力工程包括一處電力豎井、一處電力隧道。電力隧道直徑約2m,管底深約12m,距離基坑最近約4m。豎井距離基坑最近約3m,深度約12m。圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)須避讓該電力工程。電力豎井與基坑位置關(guān)系如圖1。
2 ?工程地質(zhì)及水文地質(zhì)條件
場(chǎng)區(qū)勘探深度范圍內(nèi)所揭示的底層主要為第四系全新統(tǒng)人工填土層(Q4ml)、第四系全新統(tǒng)沖洪積層(Q4al+pl)、第四系上更新統(tǒng)沖洪層(Q3al+pl)、及第四系中更新統(tǒng)沖洪積層(Q4al+pl)。
在工程地質(zhì)勘察期間,車(chē)站基坑的開(kāi)挖深度范圍內(nèi)沒(méi)有發(fā)現(xiàn)地下水,地下水水位埋深34.3-34.7m。
3 ?原設(shè)計(jì)基坑支護(hù)形式
停車(chē)場(chǎng)采用圍護(hù)樁+豎向3道錨索的樁錨支護(hù)體系,豎井范圍內(nèi)不打設(shè)錨索,冠梁上部約3m土坡采用擋墻支護(hù)。圍護(hù)樁直徑為1m,間距1.5m。網(wǎng)噴混凝土采用C20噴射混凝土,厚度100mm,設(shè)置單層?準(zhǔn)6@150×150mm,HPB300鋼筋網(wǎng)片。在相鄰豎井范圍內(nèi),加設(shè)1排圍護(hù)樁,直徑1.0m,間距1.5m,樁長(zhǎng)19m。
4 ?進(jìn)度、效益及安全分析
根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)探勘及場(chǎng)地限制,電力豎井施工時(shí)間較早,地鐵圍護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)施工較晚,地鐵基坑與電力豎井之間的圍護(hù)樁無(wú)法采用機(jī)械鉆孔,現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工需采用人工挖孔方式進(jìn)行施工。