安徽泗縣一中 吳安運

◎文體概述

推薦信是一個人為推薦另一個人去擔任某個職位或參與某項工作而寫的信件。推薦信雖然會因為推薦人的不同而在內(nèi)容上有不同的側重點，但模式上大體來說還是有規(guī)律可循的。一封推薦信應該提供如下信息：寫信人是誰，寫信人和被推薦人的關系，被推薦人的個人信息、資格、能力，為什么要為他/她寫推薦信。此外，還應該包括寫信人的聯(lián)系方式，以便用人單位可以了解和確認情況。

推薦信一般分為四個部分：①交代事情；②提出被推薦的人或物；③推薦理由；④表達感謝。

◎?qū)懽髂０?/h2>

◎經(jīng)典句型

篇首句：說明寫信目的。

1.I'm sorry to hear that you are having trouble fitting in your new school.Such problems are quite normal.Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful.聽說你在適應新學校方面有困難，我很遺憾。這樣的問題是很正常的。下面的建議可能會有一些幫助。

2.I have received your letter saying you plan to play a visit to China for ten days next month.Perhaps the following suggestions are helpful to you.我已經(jīng)收到了你的來信,信上說你打算下個月來中國參觀十天。下面的建議可能對你有幫助。

3.I'm writing to you to present what I think on the further improvement of our hotel so as to attract more clients.我寫信給你是想表達一下我對于進一步改善我們旅館的一些想法，以吸引更多顧客。

4.You have asked me for my advice with regard to how to learn Chinese，and I will try to make some suggestions here.你向我征求了如何學習漢語的建議，那么我將在這里給出一些建議。

5.I'm very glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to fit in the new school life.Here are a few suggestions.很高興收到你的來信，信上你詢問我關于如何適應新的學校生活。下面是我的一些建議。

6.I'm very glad to have received your email.Now I'm writing to give you some advice on how to learn English well in high school.很高興收到你的電子郵件?，F(xiàn)在，關于如何在高中學好英語，我寫信給你一些建議。

篇中句：介紹詳情、提出具體建議。

1.I'd like to suggest that...我想要建議……

2.In my opinion，...在我看來，……

3.If I were you，I would...如果我是你，我會……

4.You'd better do.../not do...你最好……/最好不……

5.It's necessary for you to read some books about these places before you come to see them with your own eyes.With more knowledge about these places，you will have a better understanding of Chinese history and culture.在你來親眼看到這些地方之前，你有必要讀一些關于這些地方的書。有了關于這些地方更多的知識，你將會更好地理解中國的歷史和文化。

6.First of all，you should listen to the teacher carefully and take notes in class so that you can go over your lessons as soon as you can after class.首先，你應該認真聽老師上課并在課堂上做好筆記，以便下課后及時復習。

7.As is known to all，vocabulary is of great importance.You should spend half an hour in the morning reciting words and reading texts aloud.眾所周知，詞匯是非常重要的。你應該早上花半個小時的時間背單詞和朗讀課文。

8.What's more，try to communicate with your classmates in English out of class.Only in this way can you improve your listening and spoken English quickly.還有，盡量在課外用英語和同學交流。只有這樣，你才能夠迅速提高英語聽力和口語。

9.Last but not least，you should develop the habit of keeping a diary，which helps improve your written English and helps you go over/review the words and expressions that you have learnt.最后一點但也是很重要的一點是，你應該養(yǎng)成寫日記的習慣，這有助于提高你的英語書面表達水平，幫助你復習學過的單詞和短語。

篇尾句：提出的建議希望被采納，并祝福。

1.I hope these suggestions will be of use to you.Remember“Where there is a will， there is a way”.我希望這些建議會對你有用。記住：“有志者事竟成”。

2.I hope these suggestions will be of use to you.Remember：“The man who has made up his mind to win will never say‘impossible’”.我希望這些建議會對你有用。記?。骸耙粋€決心要成功的人從來不說‘不可能’”。

3.Best wishes!（給你）最美好的祝愿！

4.I hope that my suggestions are helpful for you anyway.I would be more than happy to see improvement.無論如何，我希望我的一些建議會對你有所幫助?？吹侥愕倪M步我將非常高興。

5.I believe that you will take my suggestions into serious account.Whatever you decide to do，good luck with your studies/work！我相信你會認真考慮我的建議的。無論你決定做什么，祝你學習/工作好運。

6.I sincerely hope my advice will be some help for you.If there is more I can do to help，please let me know.我真誠地希望我的建議對你有所幫助。如果有更多我可以幫忙的地方，請告訴我。

7.I hope you can take good consideration of my advice.I would be ready to discuss about this matter with you to further details.我希望你可以好好考慮我的建議。我準備好和你進一步討論這件事情。

8.I sincerely hope my advice will be some help for you.I'm eager to see you soon in Beijing.Wish you in advance a pleasant trip to Beijing.我真誠地希望我的建議對你有所幫助。很期待早點在北京見到你。預祝你北京之行愉快。

◎高考典例

（2018·北京卷）假設你是紅星中學高三學生李華，你的英國朋友Jim在給你的郵件中提到他對中國文化感興趣，計劃明年來北京上大學。他向你咨詢相關信息。請給他回復郵件，內(nèi)容包括：

1.表示歡迎；

2.推薦他上哪所大學；

3.建議他做哪些準備工作。注意：

1.詞數(shù)不少于50；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear Jim，

Yours，

Li Hua

【試題解讀】

1.審題立意

該篇書面表達的命題思路采用的是應用文的考查形式，寫作任務是要求考生根據(jù)提示寫一封回信。書信式體裁為高考中廣泛使用，既體現(xiàn)了高考命題的穩(wěn)定性，也體現(xiàn)了高考命題中突出語言應用性的特點。

從測試內(nèi)容上來看，是要求以李華的身份給英國朋友Jim回復郵件，談論來北京留學的擇校問題，并建議他做哪些準備。

從提示上來看，題干并沒有給出具體的備選大學介紹，試題的寫作要點也沒有給出具體的細節(jié)，而只是寬泛的提示，所以具有很大的開放性，要求學生結合自己對北京一些大學的了解羅列出有用的寫作素材，合理組織好語言。因而，該寫作任務提醒考生寫作的靈感往往來源于生活，我們平時應多關注生活，在生活中不斷積累寫作素材，這樣才不至于在寫作中無話可說。因試題已經(jīng)給出了書信的格式，所以考生不必考慮和擔心書信格式的正確與否，可以直接根據(jù)自己的寫作安排展開寫作。

2.寫作要點

（1）信件開頭簡短的寒暄；

（2）推薦學校；

（3）說明為對方推薦該校的理由；

（4）給出具體的準備建議。

3.注意事項

（1）推薦學校應以自己對該學校有較好的了解為基礎。

（2）所給出的理由應具有說服力。

（3）所提建議要具體并合理。

【佳作賞析1】

Dear Jim，

How is it going?Having heard that you intend to attend college in Beijing，I would like to extend to you the warmest welcome.①

Since you are especially interested in Chinese culture，Beijing University is no doubt your best option.② For one thing，there are a wide range of majors related to Chinese culture for you to apply.For another，the learning atmosphere there makes it attractive for students from home and abroad.③ To make things easier， you're expected to make some preparations ahead of time.④ For instance，some daily life expressions will help you to overcome the barriers in communication.⑤ Besides， I strongly recommend that you should read more about Chinese history and culture.⑥

I'm looking forward to your coming soon，and please don't hesitate to contact me if you want more information.⑦

Yours，

Li Hua

亮點分析：本篇習作的作者向?qū)Ψ奖磉_了歡迎之情并推薦了北京大學，文章所給理由充分，不但說明了該大學有很多與中國文化相關的專業(yè)可供對方申請，滿足了對方的興趣，是海內(nèi)外莘莘學子夢寐以求的知識殿堂。而且還提供了具體的準備建議。文章內(nèi)容豐富、行文流暢、結構清晰。全文多處使用復雜句，分詞作狀語的使用、主從復合句的使用、虛擬語氣的使用等都體現(xiàn)了作者較全面的語法知識，而extend、no doubt、 option、related to、dense等高級詞匯的使用也體現(xiàn)了作者扎實的語言功底?？傊撈曌魇且黄豢啥嗟玫母呖紳M分作文。

①該句用having heard現(xiàn)在分詞完成式作時間狀語，引入話題，表達歡迎，呼應了題目要求。

②該句使用since連接原因狀語從句，將對方的興趣同作者的推薦自然結合，主句中no doubt的使用十分地道。

③關聯(lián)詞語for one thing...for another...引出了筆作推薦北京大學的具體原因，合理而又極具說服力。

④此處用to make things easier引出作者所建議的具體準備工作，銜接流暢自然。

⑤該句用for instance舉例說明一些日常口語表達方式可以幫助對方克服交流上的障礙。

⑥在recommend后面接的是一個賓語從句，該從句用should do這一虛擬語氣結構。

⑦文章最后歡迎對方向自己詢問更多的信息，為朋友之間的交流做好鋪墊。

【佳作賞析2】

Dear Jim，

From your last letter，I'm delighted to hear that you plan to apply for a college in Beijing.I want to show you my earnest welcome and sincerely hope your study here will be satisfying.①

As for the college，I suggest that you apply for Beijing Foreign Studies University，which is a perfect combination of Chinese culture and foreign languages.②Not only will you integrate into the environment with minimum effort，but you will also have your desire to know more about Chinese culture fulfilled.③ Anyway，making some preparations is also necessary.④The more related information about Chinese custom you collect， the easier your life in China will be.⑤Meanwhile⑥，learning to be independent in psychology and life will ease your panic while studying abroad.

I hope that my advice can be of some help.

Best wishes!

Yours，

Li Hua

亮點分析：本篇習作語言自然地道，符合書信的寫作特點。文章看似十分簡潔，但含有豐富的內(nèi)容。本文的最大亮點就是not only...but also...及其部分倒裝句的使用，介紹推薦對方北京外國語大學的原因，讓讀者對該校有十分細致的了解，很好地達到了寫作的目的。文中 earnest、satisfying、integrate、fulfilled、psychology等高級詞匯的使用體現(xiàn)了作者豐富的詞匯。meanwhile、anyway等過渡詞的使用更是讓文章渾然一體、結構緊然。總之，該篇習作很好地完成了寫作任務，不失為一篇佳作。

①文章開頭不拖泥帶水，直入主題。并且表達歡迎和祝愿，簡潔明了地完成了題目的第一點要求

②該句一個非限制性定語從句，其中使用了a perfect combination這一表達方式，說明了北京外國語大學將中國文化與外語完美結合，是針對對方的情況和興趣做出的推薦。

③該句用not only...but also...連接了作者推薦北京外國語大學的理由，具有否定意義的not置于句首時，句子應采用部分倒裝。另外該句中巧妙地運用了integrate into、fulfill等高級詞匯。

④該句用作過渡句，用動名詞作主語，很自然地引出了下一個寫作要點：給出具體的準備建議。

⑤該句用the more...the more...的句式闡明了建議對方多了解中國習俗的必要性。

⑥用meanwhile作過渡詞引出另一建議。

【參考范文】

Dear Jim，

I'm so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter.First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.

Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture， I suggest you apply for Beijing University，one of the best universities in China.Its Chinese culture major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture.As for preparation，some reading in advance is needed like The Story of the Stone while some online course of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.

I sincerely hope your dream will come true and it's my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes.If you have further questions，please feel free to let me know.

Yours，

Li Hua

◎小試牛刀

假定你是李華，你的英國好友Eric對中國的書法很感興趣，他想請你幫他找一位書法老師。請你給Eric寫一封電子郵件，給他推薦一位老師。注意：

1.詞數(shù)100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考詞匯：書法 calligraphy