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復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂在纖維樁加固中的應(yīng)用

2019-01-06 03:43魯巍
中國(guó)現(xiàn)代醫(yī)生 2019年32期
關(guān)鍵詞:加固

魯巍

[摘要] 目的 研究復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂在纖維樁加固中的應(yīng)用效果。 方法 納入2018年3月~2019年3月我院收治的100例牙齒損傷患者,將其隨機(jī)分為實(shí)驗(yàn)組和對(duì)照組,每組50例,實(shí)驗(yàn)組采用復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁進(jìn)行加固,對(duì)照組采用超瓷樹脂嵌體對(duì)纖維樁進(jìn)行加固,記錄兩組纖維樁加固效果(成功和失敗)及5 d、10 d、15 d的牙周情況和牙齦出血情況。 結(jié)果 兩組患者的治療成功率、加固后牙周情況和牙齦出血情況比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。其中采用復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固成功例數(shù)較超瓷樹脂嵌體多;且隨著治療時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),兩組患者的牙齒松動(dòng)程度和附著喪失均逐漸降低(P<0.05),且牙齦出血情況逐漸好轉(zhuǎn)(P<0.05),但復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固效果更顯著,且不存在纖維樁脫落現(xiàn)象。 結(jié)論 復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂在纖維樁加固中效果顯著,可進(jìn)行臨床推廣。

[關(guān)鍵詞] 復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂;超瓷樹脂嵌體;纖維樁;加固

[中圖分類號(hào)] R781.1 ? ? ? ? ?[文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼] B ? ? ? ? ?[文章編號(hào)] 1673-9701(2019)32-0071-04

Application of composite flow resin in fiber pile reinforcement

LU Wei

Department of Stomatology, Jiamusi Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Heilongjiang Province, Jiamusi 154002, China

[Abstract] Objective To study the application effect of composite flow resin in fiber pile reinforcement. Methods A total of 100 patients with tooth injury admitted to the hospital from March 2018 to March 2019 were enrolled and divided into the experimental group and the control group, with 50 patients in each group. The experimental group was used composite flow resin to reinforce the fiber piles, and the control group was used super-ceramic resin to reinforce the fiber piles. The fiber pile reinforcement effect (success and failure), periodontal conditions and bleeding of the gums at 5 d, 10 d, and 15 d were recorded. Results The treatment success rate, periodontal status, and gingival bleeding were significantly different between the two groups, with significant difference(P<0.05). Among them, the number of successful cases of fiber pile reinforced by composite flow resin was more than that of super-ceramic resin. And with the prolonged treatment time, the degree of teeth looseness and adhesion loss of both groups of patients gradually decreased (P<0.05) and the bleeding of gums gradually improved(P<0.05). But the effect of the composite flow resin on the fiber pile reinforcement was more significant, and there was no fiber pile falling off phenomenon. Conclusion The composite flow resin has a significant effect on fiber post reinforcement and can be clinically promoted.

[Key words] Composite flow resin; Super-ceramic resin; Fiber pile; Reinforcement

隨著現(xiàn)代生活水平的提高,人們飲食結(jié)構(gòu)的變化及其他口腔疾病帶來(lái)的影響,牙體缺損的發(fā)病率居高不下,嚴(yán)重影響患者的飲食和面部美觀程度[1-3]。隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展及臨床試驗(yàn)研究發(fā)現(xiàn),纖維樁是一種新型的非金屬?gòu)?fù)合牙科修復(fù)材料,具有無(wú)金屬腐蝕、不易被細(xì)菌等致病菌侵蝕、良好的生物相容性的特點(diǎn),在臨床上應(yīng)用越來(lái)越廣泛[4-6]。已有的臨床試驗(yàn)證實(shí),纖維樁與樹脂相互作用效果更好,在治療后不易出現(xiàn)纖維樁斷裂、患者牙周疾病及牙齦出血的癥狀;也存在少許的不良現(xiàn)象,而不良現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生主要與所選材料、粘結(jié)物質(zhì)、患者本身牙齒及纖維樁的品牌等有關(guān)[7-8]。近年來(lái),復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂的應(yīng)用備受青睞,治療效果較好,為了進(jìn)一步評(píng)價(jià)復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固的應(yīng)用效果,本研究對(duì)100例牙齒損傷患者分別采用復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂和超瓷樹脂嵌體對(duì)纖維樁進(jìn)行加固,通過(guò)比較治療效果、牙周情況和牙齦出血情況,研究復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固的應(yīng)用效果,旨在拓寬復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂的臨床應(yīng)用范圍,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1一般資料

選擇2018年3月~2019年3月我院收治的100例牙齒損傷患者進(jìn)行研究。其中男58例,女42例,年齡20~70歲。按隨機(jī)數(shù)字表法分為兩組,其中,實(shí)驗(yàn)組患者50例,男32例,女18例,年齡21~70歲;對(duì)照組患者50例,男26例,女24例,年齡20~68歲。100例患者均存在牙齒損傷現(xiàn)象,牙髓活力正常,牙列無(wú)缺損,且缺損牙齒周圍的其他牙齒均正常,均不存在牙齦紅腫等其他牙齒疾病,同時(shí)排除缺損牙齒周圍因其他牙齒不完整而無(wú)法進(jìn)行實(shí)驗(yàn)者。兩組患者的性別、年齡等一般資料比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),具有可比性。

1.2 方法

1.2.1 基礎(chǔ)處理 ?兩組患者均接受根管治療和纖維樁處理,酒精消毒后,采用粘合劑涂抹患者牙齒缺損處。

1.2.2 纖維樁加固 ?基礎(chǔ)處理后,實(shí)驗(yàn)組患者于根管預(yù)備位置加入復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固,確定好匹配的根管玻璃纖維樁之后,提前戒斷,讓樁核冠向的長(zhǎng)度比咬合平面更低,再用75%乙醇消毒根管樁吹干備用。迅速調(diào)和3M通用自粘樹脂型粘固材料。對(duì)照組患者采用超瓷樹脂嵌體對(duì)纖維樁加固,在去干凈腐質(zhì)后,按照樹脂嵌體洞型要求做好牙體預(yù)備工作,硅橡膠的印模,超硬石膏灌模和閉塞,然后將義齒送至加工廠完成制作,患者在臨床試戴合適后,再開展粘接、調(diào)和、拋光,光照20 s。兩組修復(fù)后均檢查牙齦邊緣是否緊密平整。

1.3 評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)[9]

1.3.1 纖維樁加固效果 ?通過(guò)X線比較兩組患者的纖維樁加固效果。其中纖維樁穩(wěn)定且完整,無(wú)其他任何不適為成功;患者牙齦紅腫,纖維樁不完整,牙齒缺損部位填充物出現(xiàn)脫落或牙齒周圍出現(xiàn)其他病變?yōu)槭 ?/p>

1.3.2 纖維樁加固后牙周情況 ?對(duì)上述兩組患者牙齒的纖維樁加固后,分別于5 d、10 d和15 d對(duì)患者的牙周情況進(jìn)行檢查,主要包括牙齒松動(dòng)的程度、附著喪失和填充物是否脫落3個(gè)指標(biāo)。

1.3.3 纖維樁加固后患者牙齦出血情況 ?采用不同時(shí)間段患者牙齦出血情況作為評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo),用牙齦出血評(píng)分進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià),評(píng)分越低表示患者的牙齦出血狀況越好。對(duì)上述兩組患者牙齒的纖維樁加固后,分別于5 d、10 d和15 d觀察患者的牙齦是否出血,若出血指數(shù)較高,則表明纖維樁加固效果較差。

1.3.4 電鏡掃描圖比較 ?觀察兩組患者電鏡掃描圖的結(jié)果,對(duì)比粘結(jié)劑滲漏情況,以此判斷患者的粘結(jié)效果。

1.4 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法

采用SPSS20.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,計(jì)量資料均以平均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,采用單因素方差分析或t檢驗(yàn),計(jì)數(shù)資料用n(%)表示,采用χ2檢驗(yàn),P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。

2結(jié)果

2.1 兩組治療效果比較

實(shí)驗(yàn)組45例成功,對(duì)照組36例成功,兩組患者治療成功率比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。成功者不存在牙齦紅腫及纖維樁不完整的現(xiàn)象,結(jié)果表明復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁的加固效果較超瓷樹脂嵌體好,見表1。

表1 ? 兩組患者治療效果比較[n(%)]

2.2 兩組患者纖維樁加固前后牙周情況比較

加固前,兩組患者牙周情況比較,差異無(wú)統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);兩組患者在加固后5 d、10 d和15 d牙周情況比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。隨著治療時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),兩組患者的牙齒松動(dòng)程度和附著喪失均逐漸降低,但實(shí)驗(yàn)組效果更明顯,實(shí)驗(yàn)組的牙齒松動(dòng)程度由加固前的(80.02±1.23)%降低至(41.23±2.47)%,對(duì)照組由(81.02±2.15)%降低至(48.63±2.11)%,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),且實(shí)驗(yàn)組不存在填充物脫落現(xiàn)象,對(duì)照組患者則出現(xiàn)了纖維樁少許脫落的現(xiàn)象,見表2。

表2 ? 纖維樁加固后兩組患者牙周情況比較

2.3 兩組患者纖維樁加固后牙齦出血情況比較

纖維樁加固后兩組患者牙齦出血情況比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。隨著治療時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),兩組患者的牙齦出血情況逐漸好轉(zhuǎn),時(shí)間由5 d延長(zhǎng)至15 d時(shí),實(shí)驗(yàn)組由(1.50±0.11)分降低至(1.06±0.23)分,對(duì)照組由(1.78±0.02)分降低至(1.25±0.01)分,差異均有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),見表3。

2.4兩組患者纖維樁加固后電鏡掃描圖

由牙齒纖維樁電鏡掃描圖可見,對(duì)照組患者出現(xiàn)粘結(jié)劑滲漏的現(xiàn)象。見圖1。

圖1 ? 牙齒纖維樁電鏡掃描圖(A為對(duì)照組,B為實(shí)驗(yàn)組)

3 討論

近年來(lái)臨床調(diào)查結(jié)果顯示,牙體缺損成為較常見的一種口腔疾病,影響患者的生存和生活質(zhì)量。同時(shí)隨著現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)技術(shù)的不斷發(fā)展,患者對(duì)牙齒修復(fù)的要求越來(lái)越高[10-13]。因此在選擇治療牙體缺損的材料時(shí)不僅需要與口腔環(huán)境有較好的生物相容性,同時(shí)還要求其耐腐蝕性強(qiáng),不易被細(xì)菌等致病菌侵蝕[14]。復(fù)合流體樹脂由于其具有流動(dòng)性,更易填充到缺損部位中,加強(qiáng)與缺損部位的接觸程度,減少填充時(shí)的空隙現(xiàn)象,避免牙齒松動(dòng),且色澤穩(wěn)定,能夠提高修復(fù)效果[15-16]。因此,復(fù)合流體樹脂被認(rèn)為是目前臨床牙體缺損的最常用材料。本研究通過(guò)對(duì)100例牙齒損傷患者分別進(jìn)行復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂和超瓷樹脂嵌體對(duì)纖維樁進(jìn)行加固,觀察纖維樁加固效果、牙周情況和牙齦出血情況。結(jié)果表明,采用復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固成功例數(shù)較超瓷樹脂嵌體多,且治療時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)至15 d,兩組患者的牙齒松動(dòng)程度和附著喪失均逐漸降低,牙齦出血情況逐漸好轉(zhuǎn),但復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固效果更顯著,其中牙齒松動(dòng)程度由加固前的(80.02±1.23)%降低至(41.23±2.47)%,且不存在纖維樁脫落現(xiàn)象。因此,復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁加固的效果顯著,可進(jìn)行臨床推廣。

根據(jù)上述結(jié)果及相關(guān)文獻(xiàn)說(shuō)明,復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂對(duì)纖維樁的加固作用較其他材料的效果更顯著,安全性較高,且不易造成牙齦紅腫、牙齒松動(dòng)等不良現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。然而若在治療時(shí)操作水平較低,復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂的流動(dòng)性較強(qiáng),會(huì)使樹脂不能完全填充到牙齒的缺損部位,導(dǎo)致效果變差,牙齒松動(dòng),也更易引發(fā)其他口腔疾病的發(fā)生[17-18]。因此,復(fù)合流動(dòng)樹脂也存在一些缺點(diǎn),在使用時(shí)應(yīng)盡量避免這些缺點(diǎn)帶來(lái)的不利影響,這也是臨床亟需解決的問(wèn)題之一。

從牙齒缺損的角度來(lái)講,造成缺損的原因主要包括齲齒病、牙周組織損壞、牙齒斷裂及由于年齡增長(zhǎng)導(dǎo)致的牙齒部分脫落等[19-20]。給人們的日常生活帶來(lái)極大的不便,如面部美觀度下降、發(fā)音不標(biāo)準(zhǔn)及咀嚼功能下降,因此,應(yīng)及時(shí)進(jìn)行修復(fù)。牙齒修復(fù)所采用的材料應(yīng)能夠更好地適應(yīng)口腔環(huán)境,填充效果好,避免并發(fā)癥的出現(xiàn)。對(duì)于健康人群,則應(yīng)注意早晚刷牙,飯后漱口及少吃較硬的食物、定期檢查牙齒等,養(yǎng)成良好的生活習(xí)慣,保護(hù)好牙齒。另外,臨床上在治療牙齒缺損的同時(shí)應(yīng)研發(fā)固定效果更好的材料,為牙科的不斷發(fā)展奠定科學(xué)的理論基礎(chǔ)。

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(收稿日期:2019-05-23)

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