豐 靜
康定市具有悠久燦爛的歷史文化,是川藏咽喉、茶馬古道重鎮(zhèn)、藏漢交匯中心,自古以來就是康巴藏區(qū)政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化、商貿(mào)、信息中心和交通樞紐[1]。康定是國內(nèi)外游客通往甘孜各地的必經(jīng)之地,因此康定在甘孜州旅游經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展中占有絕對重要的地位。一曲溜溜的《康定情歌》蜚聲中外,溜溜的康定城、跑馬山也因之令人神往。[2]康定曾是古牦牛國的疆域,三國時稱“打箭爐”。諸葛亮南征部隊曾經(jīng)過這一地區(qū),郭達(dá)山、打箭爐的名字雖然是附會,卻是三國文化影響留下的例證。唐代以后,隨著漢、藏之間茶馬互市的日益頻繁,康定逐漸發(fā)展成為整個西南“民族走廊”的核心。[3]因此,康定也被稱為情歌故鄉(xiāng)茶馬古道重鎮(zhèn)、鍋莊文化發(fā)祥地。至今,作為甘孜州州府的康定市仍是甘孜藏區(qū)的政治、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化交流中心,是藏漢過渡的中心地帶。外國游客主要取道康定再到甘孜州的其它地區(qū)旅游。外國游客來到康定必涉及食、宿、行、娛、游、購,住宿是其不可或缺的消費(fèi)項目。
在康定市區(qū)遍布有上百家各式各樣專門提供住宿的客棧、旅館、公寓、賓館、招待所、騎行之家、鍋莊、酒店。相對而言,賓館、酒店的收費(fèi)比較貴,但由于其設(shè)施完善、服務(wù)周到,安保方面也比較有保障,因此外國游客來到康定的住宿選擇主要集中在賓館、酒店??刀ǖ馁e館、酒店雖然比較多,然而有英譯資料介紹的卻很少。筆者通過查閱資料,實地調(diào)查走訪收集到康定情歌大酒店(Kangding Love Song Hotel)、康定賓館(Kangding Hotel)、格薩爾酒店(Gesar Hotel)、卡爾卡爾飯店(KaLaKaEr Hotel)、二道橋溫泉賓館(Er Daoqiao Hot Spring Hotel)等幾個賓館酒店有信息介紹的英譯文本, 而且從筆者已經(jīng)收集到的康定市的酒店英譯信息來看,譯文效果差強(qiáng)人意,這樣的譯文很難達(dá)到正面宣傳推廣酒店以吸引、感染潛在賓客到該酒店住宿的目的。
酒店介紹文本屬于應(yīng)用文本,旨在為消費(fèi)者提供關(guān)于酒店的地理位置、酒店的特色以及其所提供的食、宿、行、娛、游、購等各方面服務(wù)與設(shè)施信息介紹,具有傳達(dá)信息即宣傳推廣和感染吸引游客到該酒店住宿的語用功能??傊?,酒店介紹英譯是為了用宣傳營銷擴(kuò)大影響。
2005年廣東外語外貿(mào)大學(xué)曾利沙教授在《上海翻譯》上發(fā)表的《論旅游指南翻譯的主題信息突出策略原則》一文將旅游文本信息分為事實性信息、描述性信息、評價性信息等8類信息。[3]筆者通過收集到的酒店中文介紹文本資料的語言內(nèi)容、寫作風(fēng)格特點(diǎn)與語言文本功能分析,將酒店介紹信息分為4類:陳述性信息、評價性信息、呼喚性信息、提示性信息。
陳述性信息是介紹酒店的地理位置環(huán)境、內(nèi)外設(shè)計、提供的客房住宿、餐飲、交通、購物、休閑娛樂等方面的服務(wù)。這類信息主要是客觀性地陳述也有主觀的形容描述性信息,是酒店介紹中占大篇幅重點(diǎn)強(qiáng)調(diào)的內(nèi)容,這部分內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要,是潛在賓客選擇該酒店住宿的決定性因素。因此在翻譯此部分時譯者需要正確理解中英文思維、表達(dá)、用詞等方面的差異避免譯文冗余、枯燥乏味。
評價性信息是酒店對自身的稱贊以及外界對酒店的贊譽(yù)。該信息屬于贊美之詞,主觀性很強(qiáng),通常運(yùn)用夸張的手法,強(qiáng)化信息的渲染作用,目的在于增強(qiáng)潛在賓客對酒店的信任,吸引其入住酒店。在翻譯此部分內(nèi)容時要求譯者甄別中英文文化差異,避免過分的夸夸其詞最終卻適得其反。[4]
召喚性信息是呼喚潛在的賓客選擇該酒店住宿的信息,用勸說的口吻,通常出現(xiàn)在酒店介紹的開始與結(jié)尾部分。此部分內(nèi)容主觀性強(qiáng),通常使用祈使句。翻譯此部分內(nèi)容時要求譯者把握國內(nèi)外賓客的心理特征差異,注意英漢語言與文化的差異,避免使用生硬甚至命令的語氣引起潛在賓客的反感。
提示性信息告知賓客酒店的聯(lián)系方式、酒店提供的服務(wù)和需要注意的其它事項。此信息亦屬于客觀介紹類信息,要求譯者在翻譯此類信息時把握中英文語言與文化差異,力求譯文準(zhǔn)確、清晰、簡潔、達(dá)意、規(guī)范。[5]
康定情歌大酒店是康定這座歷史文化名城中最著名的且是唯一的四星級高檔酒店,該酒店取“情歌”之名既是借用該名的影響力,也是對該名所蘊(yùn)含的歷史民族文化的宣揚(yáng)與傳承。康定情歌酒店是外國游客在康定市停留期間入住率最高的酒店,為了使外國賓客能更充分地了解該酒店的環(huán)境、特色、各種服務(wù)功能,該酒店制作有完整的英文酒店介紹,酒店內(nèi)有各種英文指示、提示、警示類公示語,酒店還提供有英文的酒店入住體驗意見征詢表。即便是這樣,康定情歌酒店介紹的譯文仍然存在諸多問題。
康定情歌大酒店坐落于舉世聞名的康定情歌故鄉(xiāng)甘孜州康定市中心繁華地段,交通便利,購物方便,背靠美麗的跑馬山,前與雄偉的郭達(dá)山隔河相望??刀ㄇ楦璐缶频陿歉?3層,加上地下停車場共有14層,整個酒店均設(shè)有中央空調(diào),共有標(biāo)準(zhǔn)間、豪華單間、套房等各種客房110間,由藏式、中式、歐式三種風(fēng)格設(shè)計而成,豪華的餐廳及包間,由特級廚師主廚,經(jīng)營各式海鮮、川粵名菜及藏式風(fēng)味膳食,可同時容納300多人就餐,酒店裝飾豪華,各類設(shè)施高檔齊備,多功能廳、大小會議室、商務(wù)中心一應(yīng)俱全。酒店還設(shè)有大堂吧、步云酒廊、蘭亭茶坊、棋牌室、美容美發(fā)中心、豪華電影院、商場、極限歌城和浴足中心等,助你消除疲勞,盡情愉快心情。[6]
原譯文:The Love Song Hotel is situated at the most flourishing area of Kangding county Ganzi autonomous region where is the original place of the world-famous Kinging’s Love Song. Behind the Hotel, is the beautiful Paoma Mountain and across a river before the Hotel, stood Guoda mountain.
It has 13 floors and an underground park and it also has centre air condition system. There are 110 rooms including standard rooms, deluxe single rooms and suites. All rooms are designed in three styles, Tibetan, Chinese and European style. The special class cooks serve kinds of seafood and food of Sichuan, Guangzhou and Tibetan in the deluxe dining hall and private dining rooms. The hall can sit 300 guests at the same time.
The Hotel is luxuriously decorated and completely equipped with first-level facilities. It has a muti-functional hall, conference rooms, meeting rooms and a business center and so on. It also has café, Sky Lounge Bar, Lanting Tea House, chess and cards room, beautification, hairdressing room, deluxe cinema, shop, Utost KTV and sauna centre.[6]
上述陳述性信息主要介紹康定情歌大酒店的地理位置,內(nèi)外裝修設(shè)計、提供的客房住宿、餐飲、交通、購物、休閑娛樂等方面的服務(wù)內(nèi)容,此部分內(nèi)容是康定情歌大酒店介紹中占最多篇幅的內(nèi)容,也是酒店介紹的核心重點(diǎn)部分,是外國游客選擇住宿的主要參照內(nèi)容。因此,翻譯該部分內(nèi)容需要下功夫,做到準(zhǔn)確、生動,具有吸引力。然而以上內(nèi)容的原英譯文本存在諸多問題,連最基本最重要的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)——準(zhǔn)確都沒有達(dá)到。主要存在的問題有:標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號使用不當(dāng)、大小寫錯誤、拼寫錯誤、字字對應(yīng)硬譯、用詞不當(dāng)、語法錯誤、句子順序不當(dāng)、句子結(jié)構(gòu)有誤以及文化信息缺失。經(jīng)筆者修改潤色該部分內(nèi)容改譯為:
Kangding Love Song Hotel is located in the downtown of Kangding—hometown of the famous Love Song Garze prefecture. The hotel sits at the base of the beautiful PaoMa Mountain, facing the majestic Guo Da Mountain (Guo Da: the famous general of the Three Kingdoms in ancient China who was sent by Zhuge Liang to Kangding to cast arrows). With convenient transportation and shopping convenience, Kangding Love Song Hotel has 13 floors plus underground parking. The hotel has 110 rooms to choose from including standard, deluxe single rooms, suites and other types, decorated in Tibetan, Chinese and European styles. The luxury restaurants and private dining rooms can accommodate more than 300 people. Superb chefs serve various kinds of seafood, as well as famous dishes of Sichuan, Guangdong and Tibet. The hotel is well equipped, including central air conditioning, high-grade facilities, multi-function halls, large and small conference rooms, and business centers readily available. The hotel also has a Lobby Lounge, Bu Yun Lounge, Lan Ting Teahouse, Chess Rooms, Beauty & Barber Center, Luxury Cinema, Shopping Malls, Extreme Song City and Foot Bath Center, which can help you refresh and enjoy life.
康定情歌大酒店是康定唯一一家按四星級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)修建的豪華旅游涉外酒店(原譯文:The Hotel is the only one that built as four star deluxe open to the foreigners in the Kangding.[6])。這屬于評價性信息,夸贊之情溢于言表,蘊(yùn)含著一種自豪感。這是外界與內(nèi)部對酒店的評價以及召喚潛在賓客選擇住宿該酒店的信息內(nèi)容,翻譯此部分內(nèi)容要求譯者贊譽(yù)適度,客觀公正、實事求是,語言表達(dá)上避免冗余,語氣情感上避免過分謙遜或夸夸其詞最終卻適得其反。原譯文的問題在于表達(dá)繁復(fù),情感含糊不清。因此,筆者將其改譯為Kangding Love Song Hotel is the only four-star standard deluxe foreign tourist hotel。
群山環(huán)抱,風(fēng)景秀麗的康定情歌大酒店歡迎您的光臨!
酒店集吃、住、行、游、購、娛為一體,環(huán)境優(yōu)雅,風(fēng)格獨(dú)特,服務(wù)一流,是中外賓客和社會各界人士住宿、休閑、度假、會議、商務(wù)辦公的理想場所。
原譯文:Surrounded by the mountains The beautiful KangDing Love Song Hotel welcome your coming.
原譯文:You can enjoy the services and relax your tiredness. The Hotel is the best choise of your tour and business trip.[6]
此部分內(nèi)容屬于召喚性信息,除格式排版問題外,翻譯此部分內(nèi)容要求譯者把握國內(nèi)外賓客的心理特征差異,注意英漢語言與文化的差異, 此部分可以改譯為Surrounded by the mountains , the beautiful Kangding Love Song Hotel welcomes your coming !
With an elegant environment, unique style and excellent service, the hotel integrates well lodging, traveling, shopping and entertainment. It is an ideal place for foreign guests and people from all walks of life to stay, relax, spend a holiday, hold a conference, and work.
康定情歌大酒店
原譯文:KANGDING LOVE SONG HOTEL
電話:0836-2813333
傳真:0836-2813111
郵編:626000
地址:四川省康定縣東大街156號
原譯文: TEL: 0836-2813333
原譯文:FAX: 0836-2813111
原譯文:P.C: 626000
原譯文:ADD: East Big Street 156 No. Kangding County SiChuan Province[6]
上述內(nèi)容是康定情歌大酒店介紹最前面的內(nèi)容,是酒店的名稱和聯(lián)系方式,按前述酒店介紹信息分類屬于提示性信息,該部分內(nèi)容非常關(guān)鍵,翻譯時務(wù)必準(zhǔn)確、簡潔、達(dá)意且規(guī)范。咋一看以上譯文好像比較符合標(biāo)準(zhǔn),再仔細(xì)分析很容易發(fā)現(xiàn)以上譯文問題不少。首先,按照規(guī)范慣例原則電話(TEL)譯文大小寫有誤,應(yīng)改為(Tel), 同樣傳真(FAX)應(yīng)改為(Fax);其次,地址(ADD),通常地址不用縮略詞要用Address;再次,漢語地址排序是從大到小而英文地址是從小到大,四川省康定縣東大街156號(ADD: East Big Street 156 No. Kangding County SiChuan Province)且東大街(East Big Street)翻譯得生硬應(yīng)改譯(East Street或East Main Street), 四川省是地名,中國地名翻譯的原則是用漢語拼音直譯且一個地名只大寫第一個字母,因此四川省(SiChuan Province )應(yīng)改譯為(Sichuan Province ),所以,地址:四川省康定縣東大街156號應(yīng)譯為(No. 156 East Street, Kangding County, Sichuan Province)。
餐廳大堂一角
原譯文:A Corner of Dining Hall
餐廳設(shè)有16個豪華舒適,裝修風(fēng)格各異的包間和大廳,可同時容納300多人聚餐。
原譯文:There are 16 deluxe comfortable private rooms and halls in various styles, and more than 300 persons can have dinner at the same time
蘭亭茶坊
原譯文:Lanting Tea House
位于酒店三樓的蘭亭茶坊舒適典雅,并設(shè)有9個包房,是您棋牌娛樂、細(xì)品香茗的好去處。
原譯文:Lanting Tea House Located on the 3rd floor of the Hotel. It has 9comfortable and eldgant private rooms, It’s the best choice of playing cards and chess or tea tasting
藏式套房
原譯文:Tibetan Style Suites
酒店設(shè)有110間寬敞舒適典雅,且設(shè)備齊全的客房,客房內(nèi)提供IDD,DDD 直撥電話及覆蓋所有客房和公共服務(wù)區(qū)域的寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)。
原譯文:There are 110 wide comfortable elegant rooms with perfect equipment. IDD,DDD directly dialing and broad band network service covered all the rooms and the public area are provided
極限歌城大包間
原譯文:Utmost Large KTV
具有一流的音像設(shè)備, 設(shè)有11個KTV 包間,是您一展歌喉的理想場所。
原譯文:Equipped with first-level sound services, the 11 KTV private rooms are the ideal place to show your singing
原譯文:Sauna Centre
酒店四樓中心以賓客至上,質(zhì)量第一為宗旨,以健康正規(guī)為主體,以臺灣高山族足療手法為根基,為您和您的朋友帶來健康和幸福。
原譯文:The sauna centre located on the 4th floor follows a guide line emphasis on commitment to excellency of services and quality, regards health as the spirit and bases on the style of Gaoshan Nationality of Taiwan, in an effort to bring healthy and happiness to your friends and you.[6]
上述康定情歌大酒店的介紹內(nèi)容屬于提示性信息,翻譯此類信息時要把握中英文語言與文化差異力求譯文準(zhǔn)確、清晰、簡潔、達(dá)意、規(guī)范。餐廳大堂一角(A Corner of Dining Hall)改譯為Corner of Dining Hall,餐廳設(shè)有16個豪華舒適,裝修風(fēng)格各異的包間和大廳,可同時容納300多人聚餐(There are 16 deluxe comfortable private rooms and halls in various styles, and more than 300 persons can have dinner at the same time)改譯為 The Dining Hall has 16 luxurious rooms and halls with various styles of decoration , accommodating more than 300 persons can dine at the same time. 蘭亭茶坊(Lanting Tea House)改譯為Lanting Teahouse, 位于酒店三樓的蘭亭茶坊舒適典雅,并設(shè)有9個包房,是您棋牌娛樂,系品香茗的好去處(Lanting Tea House Located on the 3rd floor of the Hotel. It has 9comfortable and eldgant private rooms, It’s the best choice of playing cards and chess or tea tasting)改譯為Located on the third floor,including 9 private rooms, the Lanting Teahouse is a comfortable and elegant place for your to enjoy tea while playing chess and cards. 藏式套房(Tibetan Style Suites) 改譯為Tibetan Style Suite,酒店設(shè)有110間寬敞舒適典雅,且設(shè)備齊全的客房,客房內(nèi)提供IDD,DDD 直撥電話及覆蓋所有客房和公共服務(wù)區(qū)域的寬帶網(wǎng)絡(luò)(There are 110 wide comfortable elegant rooms with perfect equipment. IDD,DDD directly dialing and broad band network service covered all the rooms and the public area are provided)改譯為The hotel has 110 spacious, comfortable and fully equipped rooms, with direct dial telephone and broadband network covering all guest rooms and public service areas,商務(wù)會議廳 可容納40多人(Business conference hall. Containing more than 40 persons)改譯為Business conference hall can accommodate more than 40 people,極限歌城大包間(Utmost Large KTV)改譯為Large Private Room (Extreme Song City), 具有一流的音像設(shè)備, 設(shè)有11個KTV 包間,是您一展歌喉的理想場所(Equipped with first-level sound services, the 11 KTV private rooms are the ideal place to show your singing)改譯為With the first-class audio and video equipment in 11 KTV rooms, it is the ideal place to sing,浴足中心(Sauna Centre)改譯為Foot Bath Center, 酒店四樓中心以賓客至上,質(zhì)量第一為宗旨,以健康正規(guī)為主體,以臺灣高山族足療手法為根基,為您和您的朋友帶來健康和幸福(The sauna centre located on the 4th floor follows a guide line emphasis on commitment to excellency of services and quality, regards health as the spirit and bases on the style of Gaoshan Nationality of Taiwan, in an effort to bring healthy and happiness to your friends and you.)改譯為:Foot Bath Center is located on the 4th floor, following the guidelines on foot massage of the Gaoshan ethnic group of Taiwan province of China, which will bring health and happiness for you and your friends.
康定市是聞名遐邇的茶馬古道互市,是情歌的故鄉(xiāng)??刀ㄇ楦杈频杲榻B含有一些地方民族特色文化負(fù)載詞,由于語篇功能層面,中文與英文因思維的差異而產(chǎn)生的表達(dá)習(xí)慣與謀篇布局的差異。在對酒店介紹英譯時,由于譯者忽視中英文語言、文化的各種差異而僅僅從字面上進(jìn)行翻譯和對酒店獨(dú)具地方民族特色的文化詞進(jìn)行簡單粗暴的翻譯處理,結(jié)果造成酒店譯文出現(xiàn)諸多問題,不能準(zhǔn)確傳達(dá)中文的宣傳介紹功能,不利于酒店良好形象的樹立,甚至阻礙酒店的業(yè)務(wù)開展。