朱俊嶺 周建堯 閻小萍 侯韜 趙建治 王國芳 韓曉偉
[摘要] 目的 觀察膠原在強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎患者血清中的表達(dá)。 方法 30例早中期AS患者入組作為AS組,并以30例健康志愿者為對照組。分別檢測AS組和對照組受試者外周血清膠原水平。AS組患者評估Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎病情活動指數(shù)(BASDAI)、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎功能指數(shù)(BASFI)、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎測量指數(shù)(BASMI)及檢測血沉、C反應(yīng)蛋白。 結(jié)果 AS組膠原水平較健康對照組顯著升高(P<0.05)。AS組患者按CT結(jié)果分級,Ⅱ、Ⅲ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平均顯著高于對照組(P<0.05);Ⅰ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平與對照組比較無顯著差異(P>0.05)。HLA-B27陽性患者血清膠原水平與HLA-B27陰性患者血清膠原水平比較無顯著性差異(P>0.05)。Pearson線性相關(guān)分析顯示膠原水平和BASDAI,BASFI,BASMI,ESR及CRP呈顯著正相關(guān)(P<0.05)。 結(jié)論膠原在AS患者外周血清呈高表達(dá),與AS病情有著密切的關(guān)聯(lián),可以作為AS病情監(jiān)測的一個重要指標(biāo)。
[關(guān)鍵詞] 強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎;血清學(xué)指標(biāo);膠原;檢測
[中圖分類號] R593.23 [文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼] A [文章編號] 1673-9701(2018)05-0021-04
[Abstract] Objective To observe the expression of collagen in serum of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. Methods 30 patients with early and middle stage AS were enrolled in AS group, and 30 healthy volunteers were used as control group. The levels of peripheral serum collagen in AS group and control group were detected. The Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Disease Activity Index(BASDAI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Function Index(BASFI), Bath Ankylosing Spondylitis Measurement Index(BASMI) of patients in the AS group were evaluated. The ESR and C-reactive protein were detected. Results The level of collagen in the AS group was significantly higher than that in the healthy control group (P<0.05). Patients in the AS group were graded according to the CT results. The levels of peripheral blood collagen in patients with grade Ⅱ and Ⅲ AS were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the level of serum collagen in grade Ⅰ AS group and control group(P>0.05). There was no significant difference in serum collagen level between HLA-B27 positive patients and HLA-B27 negative patients(P>0.05). Pearson linear correlation analysis showed a significant positive correlation between collagen level and BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, ESR and CRP(P<0.05). Conclusion Collagen is highly expressed in peripheral blood of AS patients, and is closely related to AS condition, which can be used as an important index for monitoring AS condition.
[Key words] Ankylosing spondylitis; Serological indicators; Collagen; Detection
強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎(ankylosing spondylitis, AS)是一種脊柱關(guān)節(jié)疾病,表現(xiàn)為骶髂關(guān)節(jié)和脊柱附著點(diǎn)炎癥,可引起脊柱纖維化和脊柱強(qiáng)直,甚至導(dǎo)致肌肉、骨骼和肺功能受損[1],因而具有較高的致殘率。目前其病因仍不清楚[2]。膠原蛋白的過度產(chǎn)生是纖維化的生物標(biāo)志物[3]。本研究通過檢測AS患者血清膠原的表達(dá)特點(diǎn),擬探討血清膠原與AS臨床病理參數(shù)的關(guān)系及其臨床應(yīng)用價值,現(xiàn)報(bào)道如下。
1 資料與方法
1.1一般資料
選取2015年5月~2017年3月門診及住院患者30例作為AS組,其中男26例,女4例;年齡20~50 歲,平均(33.50±10.82)歲;病程4個月~18年,平均(12.68±6.12)年。30例患者人白細(xì)胞抗原(HLA)-B27陽性23例,陰性者7例。30例AS患者均符合AS修訂紐約分類診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[4],并且骶髂關(guān)節(jié)炎的CT檢查顯示Ⅲ級以內(nèi)改變。骶髂關(guān)節(jié)炎的CT表現(xiàn)按照紐約修訂AS骶髂關(guān)節(jié)的CT分級標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為 4 級:Ⅰ級11例,髂骨關(guān)節(jié)面局部毛糙,硬化,邊緣模糊,關(guān)節(jié)面下骨質(zhì)局限性條狀硬化,關(guān)節(jié)間隙清晰。Ⅱ級16例, 骶髂關(guān)節(jié)面毛糙,模糊,條狀硬化,關(guān)節(jié)面下骨質(zhì)條狀、小斑片狀硬化,關(guān)節(jié)間隙存在。Ⅲ級13例,關(guān)節(jié)面毛糙,邊緣不光整,凹凸不平呈鋸齒狀、蟲噬狀改變,局部見線條狀硬化,關(guān)節(jié)面下骨質(zhì)見多個小囊狀、蟲噬狀骨質(zhì)破壞,其周圍見斑片狀、條狀骨質(zhì)硬化,關(guān)節(jié)間隙模糊,寬窄不等。Ⅳ級0例,骶髂關(guān)節(jié)面模糊不清,局部見線狀、條片狀密度增高硬化影,關(guān)節(jié)間隙消失,完全融合、強(qiáng)直。所有AS患者均排除:(1)患者有其他血清陰性脊柱關(guān)節(jié)疾病,需要用腎上腺皮質(zhì)激素治療;(2)懷孕或哺乳期婦女;(3)合并心臟、嚴(yán)重原發(fā)性心血管、肝、腎、造血系統(tǒng)疾病及精神疾病。同時以30例健康志愿者作為對照組,其中男23例,女7例; 年齡22~51歲,平均(35.10±11.06)歲。兩組的年齡、性別等一般資料比較無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)差異(P>0.05)。具有可比性。
1.2方法
分別檢測AS組和對照組外周血清膠原水平:采集兩組受試者空腹外周靜脈血4 mL,離心后分離血清,-70℃冰箱保存待測,運(yùn)用羥脯氨酸比色法檢測血清膠原,羥脯氨酸試劑盒購自南京建成生物工程研究所,具體操作過程按說明書進(jìn)行。HLA-B27運(yùn)用流式細(xì)胞法檢測,采用美國BD公司生產(chǎn)的FACS Calibur流式細(xì)胞儀及HLA-B27檢測試劑盒,具體操作過程按說明書進(jìn)行。以CD3-PE標(biāo)記的T淋巴細(xì)胞設(shè)門,檢測門內(nèi)細(xì)胞抗HLA-B27 FITC信號的平均熒光強(qiáng)度,并與參考值相比較,大于或等于此值判定為HLA-B27陽性,小于則為HLA-B27陰性。同時,記錄AS患者Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎病情活動指數(shù)(BASDAI)、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎功能指數(shù)(BASFI)、Bath強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎測量指數(shù)(BASMI)及血沉、C反應(yīng)蛋白、HLA-B27。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
應(yīng)用 SPSS13.0統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)軟件系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行分析。計(jì)量資料以均數(shù)±標(biāo)準(zhǔn)差(x±s)表示,采用獨(dú)立樣本t檢驗(yàn);采用Pearson直線法進(jìn)行相關(guān)性分析。P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2 結(jié)果
2.1 兩組血清膠原水平比較
AS組患者血清膠原水平為(42.36±10.41)μg/mL,對照組血清膠原水平為(30.57±9.23)μg/mL。AS組膠原水平明顯高于對照組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。
2.2 不同CT分級AS患者血清膠原水平
AS組患者按CT結(jié)果分級,結(jié)果顯示:Ⅱ、Ⅲ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平分別為(40.35±12.24)μg/mL、(43.25±11.01)μg/mL,顯著高于對照組(P<0.05);Ⅰ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平分別為(32.01±10.12)μg/mL,與對照組無顯著性差異(P>0.05),見表1。
2.3 HLA-B27陽性/陰性與血清膠原水平
HLA-B27陽性患者血清膠原水平為(40.03±12.21)μg/mL,HLA-B27陰性患者血清膠原水平為(42.11±10.09)μg/mL,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);兩組膠原水平均較對照組顯著升高(P<0.05),見表2。
2.4 AS組臨床指標(biāo)檢測結(jié)果
AS組中30例患者BASDAI評分為(4.80±0.31)分;BASFI評分為(1.42±0.40)分;BASMI評分為(2.02±0.64)分;ESR為(20.37±6.17)mm/h;CRP為(17.28±5.46)mg/dL。
2.5 AS組血清膠原水平與臨床指標(biāo)相關(guān)性分析
Pearsons線性相關(guān)分析顯示AS組膠原水平和BASDAI、BASFI、BASMI、ESR及CRP呈顯著正相關(guān)(r=0.562、0.421、0.622、0.406、0.325,P<0.05)。
3 討論
AS是脊柱關(guān)節(jié)炎(SPA)最常見的表現(xiàn)形式,是一種慢性免疫介導(dǎo)的炎癥為特征的疾病,主要累及中軸骨骼[4],部分可表現(xiàn)為外周關(guān)節(jié)炎、前葡萄膜炎、銀屑病和慢性炎癥性腸病等,并伴有心血管或肺部并發(fā)癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)[5-7]。肌腱、韌帶和關(guān)節(jié)囊附著于骨的慢性炎癥導(dǎo)致關(guān)節(jié)結(jié)構(gòu)的改變,形成新骨組織和關(guān)節(jié)融合[8,9]。椎體骨贅形成和關(guān)節(jié)強(qiáng)直的改變是AS致殘的主要原因。但其發(fā)病機(jī)制及致病因素尚待闡明。
纖維化在AS的病理改變中起重要作用,可導(dǎo)致骨破壞和關(guān)節(jié)變形[10]。研究顯示纖維化可見于AS患者肺的上部[11]、腰椎及椎旁肌肉部位[12]、椎間盤[13],腹膜后[14]等部位。但AS纖維化的發(fā)病機(jī)制尚不十分清楚。膠原蛋白的過度產(chǎn)生,尤其是Ⅰ型膠原和纖維連接蛋白(FN),是纖維化的生物標(biāo)志物,同時其表達(dá)受多種細(xì)胞因子的調(diào)節(jié)[3,15,16]。目前關(guān)于強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎血清膠原的研究較少,且集中于Ⅰ型膠原的研究[17-19]。所以本研究旨在觀察AS患者外周血清總體膠原的表達(dá),同時進(jìn)一步探討其在AS病理及臨床中的相關(guān)意義。
本研究結(jié)果表明,AS組膠原含量高于對照組,表明過量的膠原表達(dá)與AS的激活狀態(tài)相關(guān)。表明過度的膠原是纖維化的生物標(biāo)志物[14]。AS組膠原的高表達(dá)與AS異常狀態(tài)相關(guān)。AS組患者按CT結(jié)果分組Ⅱ、Ⅲ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平較對照組明顯升高;Ⅰ級AS患者外周血清膠原水平較對照組無明顯差異,提示AS患者外周血清膠原水平與AS影像學(xué)改變有一定關(guān)聯(lián),膠原表達(dá)可能參與AS骶髂關(guān)節(jié)纖維化、骨化相關(guān)骨質(zhì)破壞的病理進(jìn)程,相關(guān)的病理機(jī)制需要進(jìn)一步的研究。
既往研究表明,AS與HLA-B27抗原有非常強(qiáng)的相關(guān)性[20],約90%AS患者HLA-B27抗原呈陽性表達(dá)[21]。本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),HLA-B27陽性與陰性患者血清膠原水平均高于對照組,而HLA-B27陽性與陰性患者血清膠原水平間無顯著性差異,提示AS患者血清膠原水平與HLA-B27無關(guān)。
AS疾病活動度的評估比較復(fù)雜[22]。AS病情評估臨床通常包括三個方面,系統(tǒng)指標(biāo)(BASDAI[23]、BASFI、BASMI等)、化驗(yàn)指標(biāo)(ESR,CRP[24]等)及放射學(xué)指標(biāo)。Pearsons線性相關(guān)分析顯示膠原水平和BASDAI,BASFI,BASMI,ESR及CRP呈顯著正相關(guān),提示AS患者血清膠原水平與AS患者疾病活動度、炎癥水平呈密切相關(guān)。
綜上所述,膠原在強(qiáng)直性脊柱炎患者外周血清呈高表達(dá),與AS病情有著密切關(guān)聯(lián),可以作為AS病情監(jiān)測的一個重要指標(biāo)。
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(收稿日期:2017-09-20)