陳秀麗

請(qǐng)指出下列三句錯(cuò)在哪里：

1. She failed in the exam because of she was careless.

2. She is very good at physics in spite of she finds it boring.

3. For the first time I saw him， I knew he was ambitious.

介詞之后常常接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句來(lái)充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)；而連詞后面要跟句子并跟該句子一起構(gòu)成狀語(yǔ)從句。

句1中because of后面接了 she was careless，這是一個(gè)由“主語(yǔ)+系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的句子，而這類句子是不能作介詞的賓語(yǔ)的，我們可以這樣修改：

She failed in the exam because she was careless.

She failed in the exam because of her carelessness.

句2中in spite of這個(gè)短語(yǔ)介詞之后跟的是she finds it boring，這是一個(gè)由“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的句子，不能用作介詞的賓語(yǔ)。可以將其改為：

She is very good at physics though she finds it boring.

She is very good at physics in spite of the fact that she finds it boring.

句3中for the first time 這個(gè)介詞短語(yǔ)之后用的是I saw him，這是一個(gè)由“主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)+賓語(yǔ)”構(gòu)成的句子。介詞在這里又被誤用作了連詞，我們可以把這句話改為：

The first time I saw him， I knew he was ambitious.

注：“The first time”是一個(gè)名詞短語(yǔ)，這里用作連詞。

及時(shí)鞏固

選擇填空

1. __________（ Though； In spite of） she often annoys him， he thinks highly of her.

2. __________（ Though； In spite of） her bad temper， he thinks highly of her.

3. She made an apology to the boss________（because； because of） she was late for work again.

4. She made an apology to the boss ________（because； because of） her rudeness.

5. ____________ （The first time； For the first time）I asked him for help， she turned me down.

6. She turned me down ____________（the first time； for the first time）， which made me disappointed.

答案：1.Though； 2.In spite of； 3.because； 4.because of； 5.The first time； 6.For the first time

總之，弄清楚一個(gè)詞的詞性并在語(yǔ)境中加以體會(huì)，我們的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)才會(huì)事半功倍。如果大家能在讀句子、文段、文章時(shí)做個(gè)有心人，“順便”記一下單詞，那么我們的詞匯學(xué)習(xí)一定會(huì)變得有趣、有效乃至高效。

責(zé)任編輯 蔣小青endprint