李小倩 馬麗莎

【摘 要】本文首先對(duì)于論文選題背景做了一個(gè)介紹，介紹倒裝句的定義、結(jié)構(gòu)等背景知識(shí)，然后對(duì)倒裝句進(jìn)行分類，倒裝句其中比較常見的就是有兩種形式：部分倒裝和完全倒裝。接下來就是從倒裝句的結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，然后從幾個(gè)方面對(duì)于英語和漢語中的倒裝句進(jìn)行對(duì)比，突出倒裝句在中英文中的特點(diǎn)，了解完這些之后就是進(jìn)行倒裝句的翻譯，分析其翻譯的特點(diǎn)。

【關(guān)鍵詞】形式；結(jié)構(gòu)

1. Introduction

As a student of English major， translation is a very important part. The theme of the translation technique， which is in reverse， is very important in my English learning process. On the one hand， I have a series of ideas about the definition， structure， and usage of the inverted sentences and the way I learn to be my best in my own research， so that I can do better translation exercises； On the other hand， it's very important to find the structure of the sentence， whether it's in the translation of the English translation or the Chinese translation， and the structure of the inverted sentences is a challenge， and if you can analyze the structure of the inverted sentences， and the translation of the sentence itself， the translation is a big step， and then you add a few other translation techniques， and then you'll be able to do the translation， and you'll be able to achieve the end of the translation.

2. Background

2.1 The definition of inversion

Inversion is a grammatical device used to express the need for a certain sentence structure and to emphasize the elements of a sentence.

There are two types of invert， on the one hand， it turns the subject and predicate upside down， and it's called Complete Inversion. On the other hand， a Partial Inversion is when the auxiliary verb is only moved to the subject.

2.2 The structure of the inverted sentence

① Only + adverbial clauses or adverbial clauses are placed at the beginning of a sentence， which is partially inverted

② not， little， hardly， scarcely， no more， no longer， in no way， never， seldom， not only， no sooner etc. These negative words or phrases are at the beginning of a sentence and are partially inverted.

2.3 The historical development of inverted structure.

It has been a hot topic to study the inverted structure all the time. Now more and more scholars are paying attention to the development of the inverted structure and supporting their own views with their own papers.

3. Partial inversion and complete inversion

3.1 Partial inversion

① Only + adverbial clauses or adverbial clauses are placed at the beginning of a sentence， which is partially inverted

② not， little， hardly， scarcely， no more， no longer， in no way， never， seldom， not only， no sooner etc These negative words or phrases are at the beginning of a sentence and are partially inverted.

3.2 Complete inversion

① When“here”and “there” are at the beginning of the sentence， it is followed by a complete inversion.

② away， down， in， off， out， over， round， up， etc. These words are at the beginning of a sentence， it is followed by a complete inversion.

4. Information center， discourse cohesion

This paper analyzes the structure of inverted sentences and discusses the function of inverted sentences from the perspectives of information center and discourse cohesion， that is， putting important information at the end of sentences， or achieving sentence balance through inverted sentences.

5. The inverted sentences in English and Chinese are compared

① The definition of invertion between Chinese and English

English inverted sentence is the logical subject after the verb， while some other elements after the verb appear at the beginning of the sentence. Chinese inverted sentence is that the sentence does not follow the sequence of positive sentences， and some elements need to be reversed.

② Both English and Chinese have the phenomenon of subject postposition and predicate preposition， but English can form inverted form with an adverb and an auxiliary verb in advance， while Chinese has no such phenomenon.

6. English-chinese translation and chinese-English translation

English-chinese translation：

① Only then did I fully understand what my father said.

② Not until then did I fully understand my fathers words.

只有到那時(shí)，我才充分理解了父親講的話。

Chinese-English translation：

① 我很少看到這樣漂亮的狗。

7. Conclusion

Through the comparison between English and Chinese inverted sentences， it is found that both English and Chinese have complete and partial inverted sentences. In Chinese， there are modifiers， conjunction and predicate structures， complement inversion， can appear without the main sentence. In terms of information distribution， both English and Chinese written inverted sentences have heavy postpositional components， and the information state is from known to unknown， in accordance with the information order similarity principle. Spoken Chinese inversion， a completely different from the needs of the actual pragmatic and verbal expression， important information， the weight of the heavier blurt out， the first complete rear composition is supplementary meaning， psychological order iconicity principles.

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