□ 文、圖/本刊記者 楊艷

國家級貧困縣的脫貧路駐渝境外及國內(nèi)媒體記者赴城口采訪紀實

□ 文、圖/本刊記者 楊艷

11月22日—25日，重慶市人民政府外事僑務(wù)辦公室組織常駐渝境外及國內(nèi)等媒體記者趕赴城口縣，多角度采訪報道這個“中國生態(tài)氣候明珠”的扶貧攻堅。新加坡聯(lián)合早報、日本經(jīng)濟新聞社、香港大公報、香港商報、重慶廣電集團、新浪重慶、重慶與世界雜志社等約10家媒體參加。

聚焦“旅游扶貧”發(fā)展

城口縣地處大巴山腹地，是國家級貧困縣。脫貧，是該縣近年來的重大任務(wù)。

11月22日，媒體團到達城口后，參加了一個簡單的縣情介紹會。城口縣委常委、宣傳部部長袁開勇，城口縣政府黨組成員王文宇，城口縣政協(xié)副主席張芬等領(lǐng)導(dǎo)參加。

會上，媒體記者十分關(guān)心城口的扶貧工作情況?！俺强诳h在扶貧工作中遇到的最大困難是什么？”日本經(jīng)濟新聞社中國總局記者現(xiàn)場提問。對此，城口縣扶貧辦領(lǐng)導(dǎo)進行了解答：“城口最大的問題，就是基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施比較薄弱，交通、信息、物流落后。解決了這些，相信城口將會得到飛速發(fā)展?！?/p>

近年來，城口縣還依托自身的生態(tài)優(yōu)勢，大力發(fā)展生態(tài)旅游，并與扶貧工作緊密結(jié)合，效果良好。對此，香港商報重慶辦事處記者問道：“城口的旅游發(fā)展如何與扶貧工作相結(jié)合？”縣政協(xié)副主席張芬說：“城口縣大力推進‘大巴山森林人家’建設(shè)，以旅游產(chǎn)業(yè)帶動農(nóng)民脫貧致富，農(nóng)民種的菜、養(yǎng)殖的家禽就成為游客餐桌上最安全放心的菜肴，他們把自家的房子改造成接待游客的酒店，他們在家里就能創(chuàng)收致富。”

“大巴山森林人家”的幸福生活

近年來，城口縣在旅游扶貧上的戰(zhàn)略有兩句話：“生態(tài)為本，特色為魂”，具體到行動上就是4句話：“人口下山，產(chǎn)業(yè)上山，產(chǎn)品出山，游客進山”?！按蟀蜕缴秩思摇本褪峭瓿蛇@4句話的一個重要載體。

亢谷景區(qū)內(nèi)的“森林人家”是旅游扶貧戰(zhàn)略的重要載體。 攝影：王榮

記者在河魚鄉(xiāng)推石磨體驗農(nóng)家生活。

小雪紛飛，寒風(fēng)刺骨，媒體團一行冒著寒冷走進了東安鎮(zhèn)興田村的中國亢谷“大巴山森林人家”。據(jù)介紹，這里風(fēng)景如畫，氣候宜人，特別是夏天，前來亢谷景區(qū)避暑的游客絡(luò)繹不絕，若不提前預(yù)定，還將一房難求。

記者在這里看到，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶依托鄉(xiāng)村獨特的自然環(huán)境，以農(nóng)家樂為基礎(chǔ)，把自家房屋打造出風(fēng)格統(tǒng)一的農(nóng)家樂，城口縣為其統(tǒng)一命名為“大巴山森林人家”。游客在亢谷欣賞自然風(fēng)景、避暑休閑的同時，還能吃到當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)家菜，住農(nóng)家房，體驗農(nóng)家生活。游客絡(luò)繹不絕，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶自然可增收。據(jù)稱，目前這樣的“森林人家”全縣有1180余家。

照此思路，城口還把住在山里人的搬遷與扶貧緊密結(jié)合，讓大山里的人家搬得出，能致富。城口縣稱此為高山生態(tài)移民搬遷。數(shù)據(jù)顯示，“十二五”期間，城口縣建成59個高山生態(tài)扶貧搬遷集中安置點，累計完成搬遷5.9萬人。今年10月底已完成搬遷8418人，其中建卡貧困戶8087人。

城口河魚鄉(xiāng)就是這樣的示范點。記者們來到河魚鄉(xiāng)核桃壩村，看到這里的農(nóng)戶都住進了白墻青瓦、寬敞明亮的3層新樓房。這里背靠大巴山，空氣清新，氣候宜人，他們不僅自己居住，夏天還有很多外來人到這里避暑消夏，當(dāng)?shù)剞r(nóng)戶在家就能創(chuàng)收。

陳良才就是其中一家。幾年前，陳良才一家4口還住在高山里的三河村，2010年一家人搬進山下新家，出行、居住方便了不少，通過自己開商店和經(jīng)營“森林人家”農(nóng)家樂，一年下來能掙4萬元左右。在城口，類似陳良才這樣靠著“森林人家”脫貧致富的例子不在少數(shù)。

除了完善的基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，農(nóng)戶還有豐富的文化生活。在這里，家家戶戶不僅安裝了數(shù)字電視，還村村通了網(wǎng)絡(luò)，農(nóng)戶們輕輕一點鼠標就能知曉“外面的世界”。香港大公報記者韓毅深有感觸地說：“這里深山老林的，居然網(wǎng)速感覺比城里還快。脫貧需要互聯(lián)網(wǎng)思維?！?/p>

不僅如此，河魚鄉(xiāng)核桃壩還在清澈見底的溪邊修建了濱河農(nóng)耕文化長廊，不僅展現(xiàn)了當(dāng)?shù)氐霓r(nóng)耕文化，更為游客提供了一個休閑娛樂之地，以此來留住客人。記者們行走其間，柳樹成蔭，溪水潺潺，宛若世外桃源。

該村還有一個民俗文化園，園內(nèi)專門建起了農(nóng)耕文化博物館，游客在這里不僅能觀賞到豐富的農(nóng)耕文化，還可以親自體驗推石磨、揣兌窩等農(nóng)耕勞作，領(lǐng)略大巴山濃厚的鄉(xiāng)土文化。

在嵐天鄉(xiāng)，男男女女跳起了錢棍舞。據(jù)說這是已有近千年歷史的漢族傳統(tǒng)舞蹈藝術(shù)，并發(fā)源于城口。農(nóng)戶們臉上洋溢的笑容，映出了他們?nèi)兆釉竭^越紅火的精神風(fēng)貌。

一路走來，香港商報記者張彬很有些激動，他說：“以前城口給我的印象是深處大巴山區(qū)，偏遠，發(fā)展滯后，這次是我第一次到城口，讓我真切看到的是他們過上的幸福生活?！?/p>

“這是一個值得深度挖掘的寶地?！毙录悠侣?lián)合早報駐中國市場總監(jiān)陳壽章感嘆城口資源豐富，認為“依托優(yōu)勢，脫貧致富應(yīng)大有希望?！?/p>

美好藍圖正徐徐鋪開

根據(jù)重慶五大功能區(qū)域劃分，城口屬于渝東北生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)發(fā)展區(qū)?！吧鷳B(tài)涵養(yǎng)”是渝東北發(fā)展區(qū)的首要任務(wù)。

據(jù)了解，城口縣在未來，還將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮生態(tài)優(yōu)勢，抓好旅游扶貧工作，預(yù)計到2020年，全縣大巴山森林人家達到3000家左右，建成集成片區(qū)20個，實現(xiàn)鄉(xiāng)村旅游綜合收入7.5億元，帶動群眾穩(wěn)步增收。

我們看到，一幅關(guān)于城口的美好藍圖正徐徐鋪開。

城口河魚鄉(xiāng)農(nóng)戶從高山上搬遷下來，住進新樓房。

From November 22ndto 25th, overseas and domestic media journalists in Chongqing, organized by Foreign and Overseas Chinese Affairs Office of Chongqing Municipal People’s Government, rushed to Chengkou County. Multi-angle interviews and reports about the poverty alleviation of this “Ecoclimate Pearl in China” was made. About ten media outlets participated in this event, including Lianhe Zaobao in Singapore, Nikkei Net, Takungpao, Hong Kong Commercial Daily, Chongqing Broadcasting Group, Sina in Chongqing, the World&Chongqing and etc.

Focus on the Development of Tourist Poverty Alleviation

Located in the hinterland of Daba Mountain, Chengkou County is a state poverty county. Poverty alleviation has been a major task for this county in recent years.

On November 22nd , after the arriving of the media group, a brief orientation meeting about this county was organized. Yuan Kaiyong, a standing member of CPC Chengkou County Committee and Director of Publicity Department, Wang Wenyu, a member of Party Leadership Group in Chengkou County, Zhang Fen, the vice president of CPPCC in Chengkou County and etc. attended this meeting.

Journalists were concerned about the situation of poverty alleviation in Chengkou during the meeting. “What’s the most difficult thing in the work of poverty alleviation in Chengkou?” The journalist of General Administration of China of Nikkei Net asked. The leader of Offi ce of Poverty Alleviation made an answer to this question, “The toughest thing is mainly about the weak infrastructure followed by behindhand transportation, information and logistics. Solving these issues will ensure Chengkou County a rapid development.”

In recent years, relying on its own ecological advantage, Chengkou has striven to develop ecotourism, combined closely to the povertyrelief work, which has achieved a good effect. The Journalist of Offi ce in Chongqing of Hong Kong Commercial Daily asked, “How does the tourism development combine with the poverty-relief work in Chengkou? ” Zhang Fen, the vice president of CPPCC in Chengkou County, said, “ Chengkou has vigorously promoted the construction of Forest Home in Daba Mountain, which plans to drive farmers to get rich by tourism industry. Vegetables grew by farmers and poultry raised in home become the safest food on the dining-table. They transform their own houses into hotels so they could receive tourists and create incomes at home.”

Heyu Village, the ecological resettlement and poverty-relief project demonstration point. Photo by Yang Yan

Qiangun dance is a traditional folk art in Chengkou. Photo by Yang Yan

The Happy Life of Forest Home in Daba Mountain

In recent years, there are two words on the strategy of tourism for supporting the poverty in Chengkou. “Ecology is the foundation. Feature is the soul.” Putting them into actions, the two words turn into, “Residents move downhill while tourism industries move uphill. Tourists get into the mountain while products get out.” Forest Home in Daba Mountain is the key carrier for realizing these words.

Accompanied by swirling snow and freezing cold wind, the media group came to Xingtian Village, Dong’an Town and visited the Forest Home in Daba Mountain in China Kang Gu. Due to its picturesque scenery and pleasant weather, tourists, especially in summer, come to Kang Gu in an endless stream, hoping to escape summer heat. Besides, if not scheduled in advance, it will be hard to fi nd a room.

Journalists found that relying on the unique natural environment and based on farm tourism, the local farmers made their own house into a unifi ed-style farmhouse. This place is named uniformly as“Forest Home in Daba Mountain” by Chengkou County. Tourists can not only enjoy the natural scenery and escape summer heat in Kang Gu, but also eat the local farm-fl avored food and live in the farmhouse to experience the farm life. Consequently, the endless stream of tourists will bring the local farmers rising incomes. It is said that at present there are over 1,180 Forest Homes in county.

According to this idea, Chengkou also tightly combined the relocation with poverty alleviation, which enables people in the mountains to move out of the mountains and become rich. It is called Alpine Ecological Relocation by Chengkou County. Data shows that 59 concentrated resettlement sites of alpine ecological poverty alleviation were built up and 59,000 people were relocated in Chengkou County. 8,418 people had been relocated at the end of October this year, including 8,087 registered povertystricken people.

The Heyu Township, Chengkou County, was such a demonstration site. Journalists came to the Hetaoba Village of Heyu Township and found the capacious and bright 3-story houses with green tiles and white walls. Back against the Daba Mountain and due to the fresh air and pleasant climate, many tourists come to this township to escape summer heat. Those dwelling houses can also be used as hotels to create incomes for farmers at home.

Chen Liangcai is of no exception. A few years ago, Chen Liangcai, with a family of four living in the mountains of Sanhe Village, moved into the new house at the foot of the mountain. With more convenient transportation and living conditions, the family could earn 40,000 yuan a year by operating their own shop and the Forest Home. In Chengkou County, many people like Cheng Liangcai have got rid of poverty and become better off .

In addition to the perfect infrastructure, farmers enjoy rich cultural lives. Here, each family has not only installed the digital TV but also the Internet. Farmers could easily know about what have happened in outside world through the Internet. Han Yi, the journalist of Takungpao, said with deep feelings, “It surprised me that this remote place enjoys an even better Internet connection than cities. Internet thinking is needed to overcome poverty.”

Besides, Hetaoba Village has built up a Riverside Farming Culture Corridor by the limpid stream to retain customers, which not only shows the local farming culture, but also provides a good place for leisure and entertainment. Walking in the corridor shaded by the willow trees, journalists were accompanied by the gurgling streams. It seems like a land of idyllic beauty.

The village also has a Folk Culture Park in which a farming culture museum has been exclusively built. Tourists can not only enjoy the rich farming culture here, but also experience farming labors, such as pushing the stone mill and hitting the glutinous rice, to have a taste of the rich rural culture of Daba Mountain.

In the Lantian Township, men and women started Qian’gun dance. It is said that it was a traditional dance of Han nationality with a hi story of almost a thousand years, and originated in Chengkou. The smile on the farmers’ faces reflected their spirits in a more prosperous life.

All the way through, Zhang Bin, the Hong Kong Commercial Daily reporter, was very excited and said, “ Chengkou used to leave me the impression of remoteness and under-development in the deep of the Daba Mountains. But when I came to this place for the fi rst time, I saw that they do lead a happy life.”

“This is a promising land worthy of development.” Chen Shouzhang, Director of Lianhe Zaobao in Chinese market, amazed by the abundant resources in Chengkou, said, “There is a great hope to get rid of poverty with such advantages. ”

A Bright Blueprint is Spreading Slowly

According to the division of the five functional areas, Chengkou belongs to the development area of ecological conservation in Northeast Chongqing. Ecological conservation is the top task for the development area in Northeast Chongqing .

It is understood that Chengkou County will continue to exert its ecological advantage and carry out the project of tourist poverty alleviation. By 2020, the number of Forest Home in Daba Mountain is expected to reach 3,000 and 20 integrated areas will be built, which will bring steady rising incomes for people and the comprehensive revenue of rural tourism will hit 750 million yuan.

A bright blueprint of the Chengkou County is spreading slowly.

The Way Out of Poverty for National Poverty County Overseas and Domestic Media Journalists in Chongqing Made Interviews and Documentaries in Chengkou County

□ Article/Picture J ournalist Yang Yan