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1齡大鱗副泥鰍個(gè)體繁殖力研究

2016-11-25 14:49劉曉敏石英劉凱王旭花
天津農(nóng)業(yè)科學(xué) 2016年10期
關(guān)鍵詞:繁殖力親魚泥鰍

劉曉敏+石英+劉凱+王旭花

摘 要:研究了經(jīng)選擇培育的1冬齡大鱗副泥鰍個(gè)體繁殖力。結(jié)果表明,其個(gè)體絕對繁殖力(F)波動(dòng)于5 092.0~10 556.0粒之間,平均為6 784.5粒;個(gè)體相對繁殖力(FL)波動(dòng)于462.91~865.38?!m-1,平均587.86?!m-1;(FW)波動(dòng)于422.22~1 160.74粒·g-1之間,平均為651.9?!-1。個(gè)體絕對繁殖力與各生物學(xué)指標(biāo)均呈正相關(guān),與卵巢質(zhì)量相關(guān)關(guān)系極顯著,與體長、成熟系數(shù)、肥滿度相關(guān)關(guān)系顯著,與凈體質(zhì)量相關(guān)關(guān)系不顯著;個(gè)體相對繁殖力(FL)與各生物學(xué)指標(biāo)均呈正相關(guān),與卵巢質(zhì)量、成熟系數(shù)、肥滿度相關(guān)關(guān)系極顯著,與體長、凈體質(zhì)量相關(guān)關(guān)系不顯著;個(gè)體相對繁殖力(FW)除與凈體質(zhì)量呈負(fù)相關(guān)外,與其余各生物學(xué)指標(biāo)均呈正相關(guān),其中與成熟系數(shù)、肥滿度相關(guān)關(guān)系極顯著,與其余各生物學(xué)指標(biāo)相關(guān)關(guān)系不顯著。本研究認(rèn)為經(jīng)選擇培育的1齡個(gè)體完全可滿足生殖需求,可為解決大量親魚的供應(yīng)問題提供基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)。

關(guān)鍵詞:1齡大鱗副泥鰍;繁殖力;生物學(xué)指標(biāo)

中圖分類號:S966 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識碼:A DOI 編碼:10.3969/j.issn.1006-6500.2016.10.007

Abstract: The individual fecundity of one-year-old Paramisgurnus dabryanus selected breeding was studied. The results showed that the individual absolute fecundity F was between 5 092.0 and 10 556.0 eggs (average 6 784.5 eggs),the individual relative fecundity FL was between 462.91 and 865.38 eggs·cm-1 (average 587.86 eggs·cm-1),and FW was 422.22~1 160.74 eggs·g-1 (average 651.9 eggs·g-1). Individual absolute fecundity and the biological indexes were positively correlated, and ovary weight very significant correlation, and the body length, maturity coefficient, fat full correlation significantly, and no significant correlation between the net weight; The individual relative fecundity (FL) and various biological indexes were positively correlated, and ovary weight and maturity coefficient, fat full very significant correlation, and no significant correlation between the body length, the net weight; The individual relative fecundity (FW) besides and negatively correlated with net weight, and the rest of the various biological indexes were positively correlated, the relation with maturity coefficient, fat full significantly, no significant relation with the rest of the biological indicators.The research results show that one-year-old individual selected breeding can fully meet the demand of reproduction,and provide basic data in order to solve a lot of problems of supply.

Key words: one-year-old Paramisgurnus dabryanus; fertility; the biological character

大鱗副泥鰍(Paramisgurnus dabryanus)屬鯉形目,鰍科,泥鰍屬。目前制約大鱗副泥鰍產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的主要問題為苗種,自然捕撈的苗種數(shù)量少(真泥鰍占80%以上),種質(zhì)差,病害多,生長速度慢,養(yǎng)殖成本高。而全人工繁殖的大鱗副泥鰍苗種具有體型均勻、生長速度快、自繁能力強(qiáng)、病害少、群體產(chǎn)量高等優(yōu)點(diǎn),但目前其數(shù)量也不能滿足養(yǎng)殖需求。朱盛林等[1]研究了大鱗副泥鰍的繁殖力,結(jié)果表明大鱗副泥鰍懷卵量最大和成熟系數(shù)最好是在體長15~18 cm時(shí),平均體質(zhì)量達(dá)33~44 g,平均懷卵量達(dá)2.5萬粒。但培育此規(guī)格的親魚至少需要2年的時(shí)間,耗時(shí)耗力,影響苗種數(shù)量的大規(guī)模供應(yīng)。根據(jù)大鱗副泥鰍具有單次產(chǎn)卵量小、多次性產(chǎn)卵、性腺多次成熟的特點(diǎn),在人工繁殖時(shí)提供大量已達(dá)性成熟的親魚成為解決苗種問題的有效途徑。大鱗副泥鰍1齡即可達(dá)到性成熟,因此對1冬齡親魚進(jìn)行選擇培育成為保證大鱗副泥鰍親魚供應(yīng)的重要途徑。本研究測定和分析了經(jīng)選擇培育后的1冬齡親魚的個(gè)體繁殖力,以期為其選育和親本管理積累基礎(chǔ)資料,為大鱗副泥鰍人工繁殖提供理論指導(dǎo),從而從根本上為解決大鱗副泥鰍苗種問題提供參考。

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