楊君 韓瑩 王愛輝 郭曉輝
1.河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院腫瘤科,河北秦皇島066000;2.河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,河北秦皇島066000;3.河北省秦皇島市第三醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,河北秦皇島066000
替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液治療晚期非小細(xì)胞肺癌的臨床效果
楊君1韓瑩2王愛輝3郭曉輝1
1.河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院腫瘤科,河北秦皇島066000;2.河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,河北秦皇島066000;3.河北省秦皇島市第三醫(yī)院檢驗(yàn)科,河北秦皇島066000
目的比較替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液與多西他賽治療晚期非小細(xì)胞肺癌(NSCLC)的臨床效果和安全性。方法回顧性分析了河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院2010年1月~2015年3月96例經(jīng)一線和/或二線化療失敗的晚期NSCLC患者采用區(qū)組隨機(jī)化法分為聯(lián)合康艾注射液組(A組)和多西他賽組(B組),每組48例。A組;替吉奧80mg/(m2窯d),分2次口服,康艾注射液60 mL,靜滴qd,d1-14,B組;多西他賽75mg/m2,靜滴d1,21 d為一個(gè)周期。結(jié)果兩組的中位總生存(OS)分別為9.5個(gè)月和10.0個(gè)月,中位無進(jìn)展生存(PFS)分別為2.8個(gè)月和4.2個(gè)月;兩組的客觀緩解率(ORR)分別為6.25%和8.33%,疾病控制率(DCR)分別為39.58%和43.75%。差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P躍0.05)。A組在血液學(xué)毒性堯惡心嘔吐堯乏力堯感染性發(fā)熱等方面的不良反應(yīng)明顯低于B組(P<0.05)。結(jié)論替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液與多西他賽治療晚期NSCLC的效果相當(dāng),但毒副作用較低,耐受性更好,適用于晚期NSCLC的臨床治療。
替吉奧;康艾注射液;多西他賽;晚期非小細(xì)胞肺癌
肺癌是世界最常見的惡性腫瘤之一,非小細(xì)胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer,NSCLC)占肺癌總數(shù)的85%,是最為常見的肺癌[1]。本項(xiàng)目旨在針對(duì)一線和/或二線化療失敗的晚期NSCLC患者,分析對(duì)比了替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液與單藥多西他賽對(duì)其治療的臨床效果與安全性,以期探索這一中西醫(yī)結(jié)合治療的新模式與常規(guī)化療相比較是否具有優(yōu)越性。
1.1 一般資料
選取2010年1月~2015年3月河北港口集團(tuán)有限公司港口醫(yī)院腫瘤內(nèi)科確診的晚期NSCLC患者96例。入選病例病灶為可評(píng)估堯可測(cè)量病灶;所有患者接受過標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的一線和/或二線化療(未接受過紫杉類抗癌藥物化療),病情進(jìn)展,行為狀態(tài)(KPS)評(píng)分≥70分,且與末次化療間隔時(shí)間至少1個(gè)月;預(yù)計(jì)生存期大于3個(gè)月;無嚴(yán)重的臟器功能損害;其基線血常規(guī)堯尿便常規(guī)堯肝腎功能及心電圖等檢查均符合化療適應(yīng)證。將96例患者采用區(qū)組隨機(jī)化方法分為2組,分別為替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液組(A組)和多西他賽組(B組),每組各48例?;颊咭话阗Y料比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P躍0.05),具有可比性。見表1。
表1 96例晚期NSCLC患者的臨床特征(例)
1.2 治療方案
A組;替吉奧(山東新時(shí)代藥業(yè)有限公司生產(chǎn),批準(zhǔn)文號(hào);國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字H20080802)按80mg/(m2窯d)計(jì)算給藥劑量,分2次于早堯晚飯后口服,具體給藥劑量依據(jù)患者的體表面積(body surface area,BSA)而定,即BSA<1.25 m2予80 mg/d,1.25 m2臆BSA<1.5 m2予100 mg/d,BSA≥1.5m2予120mg/d??蛋⑸湟海ò自粕街扑幑煞萦邢薰旧a(chǎn),批準(zhǔn)文號(hào);國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字Z20026868)60 mL加入5%葡萄糖或0.9%氯化鈉注射液250mL中,靜脈滴注1次/d。兩藥聯(lián)合應(yīng)用14 d,休息7 d為一個(gè)周期。B組;多西他賽(深圳萬(wàn)樂藥業(yè)有限公司,批準(zhǔn)文號(hào);國(guó)藥準(zhǔn)字H20052067)按75 mg/m2計(jì)算給藥劑量,靜脈滴注,21 d為一個(gè)周期。患者需接受至少2個(gè)周期堯至多6個(gè)周期化療。出現(xiàn)以下3種情況之一予以停藥;①腫瘤進(jìn)展;于不良反應(yīng)不能耐受;盂患者拒絕繼續(xù)治療。
1.3 療效及不良反應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)
每化療2周期后在1周內(nèi)進(jìn)行近期療效和不良反應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià),以程度最高者計(jì)為最終結(jié)果。近期療效評(píng)價(jià)按照實(shí)體瘤治療效果評(píng)價(jià)(RECIST)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),分為完全緩解(complete response,CR)堯部分緩解(partial re-sponse,PR)堯疾病穩(wěn)定(stable disease,SD)堯和疾病進(jìn)展(progressive disease,PD)。不良反應(yīng)評(píng)價(jià)按WHO制訂的抗腫瘤藥物毒副反應(yīng)的分度標(biāo)準(zhǔn)分為0~郁度[2]。
1.4 研究終點(diǎn)
本研究的主要研究終點(diǎn)是患者的總生存(overall survival,OS),次要研究終點(diǎn)是無進(jìn)展生存(progres-sion-free survival,PFS)堯客觀緩解率(objective re-sponse rate,ORR)和疾病控制率(disease control rate,DCR)及不良反應(yīng)分析。OS為從化療開始至死亡或隨訪截止時(shí)間,PFS為化療開始至疾病進(jìn)展時(shí)間,以CR+PR所占比例表示ORR,以CR+PR+SD所占的比例表示疾病控制率(DCR)。
1.5 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)方法
采用SPSS 22.0軟件對(duì)收集的數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,計(jì)數(shù)資料及組間比較采用字2檢驗(yàn)或Fisher確切概率法,計(jì)量資料采用非參數(shù)秩和檢驗(yàn)(Kruskal-Wallis H檢驗(yàn)),生存分析采用Kaplan-Meier曲線,生存比較采用log-rank檢驗(yàn),以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 療效分析
2.1.1 OS截止到2015年10月,96例晚期NSCLC患者通過隨訪共有79例確定死亡,10例失訪。A組中位OS為9.5個(gè)月,95%可信區(qū)間(confidence interval,CI)為8.046~10.954個(gè)月。B組的中位OS為10.0個(gè)月,95%CI為8.556~11.444個(gè)月。兩組比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P躍0.05),生存曲線見圖1a。
2.1.2 PFS A組的中位PFS為2.8個(gè)月,95%CI為1.866~3.734個(gè)月,B組的中位PFS為4.2個(gè)月,95%CI為3.414~4.986個(gè)月,兩組比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P躍0.05),生存曲線見圖1b。
2.1.3 近期療效A組平均化療4.52個(gè)周期,B組平均化療4.92個(gè)周期。兩組患者的ORR分別為6.25%和8.33%(P躍0.05),DCR分別為39.58%和43.75%(P躍0.05),見表2。對(duì)65歲以上的老年患者進(jìn)一步分析得出兩組的ORR分別為7.41%和4.35%(P躍0.05),DCR分別為51.85%和30.43%(P躍0.05)。見表3。
2.2 不良反應(yīng)分析
研究主要比較A組與B組血液學(xué)毒性和非血液學(xué)毒性,多數(shù)不良反應(yīng)為玉耀域度,芋度以上者見于血液學(xué)毒性堯血轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高堯惡心嘔吐堯腹瀉堯便秘及感染性發(fā)熱等方面。A組在血液學(xué)毒性堯惡心嘔吐堯乏力堯感染性發(fā)熱等方面的不良反應(yīng)顯著低于B組,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。見表4。
圖1 96例晚期NSCLC患者的生存曲線
研究表明,大多數(shù)NSCLC在確診時(shí)已是中晚期,治療以全身化療為主[3],一線化療方案常為以鉑為基礎(chǔ)的聯(lián)合化療[4-5],由于一線化療藥物不可避兔地要產(chǎn)生耐藥性,絕大多數(shù)患者需接受后續(xù)的治療。目前二堯三線治療藥物多為多西他賽堯培美曲塞或口服靶向藥物[6-9]。分子靶向治療顯著提高了靶基因突變患者的生活質(zhì)量和預(yù)后,是目前臨床研究的熱點(diǎn),然而大多數(shù)患者在治療后9~10個(gè)月會(huì)出現(xiàn)疾病進(jìn)展,仍需細(xì)胞毒性藥物進(jìn)行后續(xù)治療[10]。因此,化療方案的改進(jìn)仍是臨床研究的重要課題。人們一直嘗試將其他的抗腫瘤藥物應(yīng)用于晚期NSCLC二堯三線治療中,替吉奧就是其中之一[11-13],一些臨床試驗(yàn)已證實(shí)了單藥替吉奧用于晚期NSCLC治療的有效性及安全性[14-15]??蛋⑸湟簯?yīng)用于抗腫瘤治療中,具有保護(hù)造血功能,提高兔疫力,減少胃腸道反應(yīng)和其他全身癥狀發(fā)生的作用[16]。
表2 A組與B組客觀緩解率及疾病控制率比較[n(%)]
表3 A組與B組中65歲以上老年患者的客觀緩解率及疾病控制率比較[n(%)]
本研究得出兩組患者的中位OS堯PFS堯ORR和DCR與大部分的臨床試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù)相接近[17-20],兩組近期及遠(yuǎn)期療效間比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,說明兩組藥物的臨床療效相當(dāng),證實(shí)了替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液治療晚期NSCLC的可行性。同時(shí),對(duì)65歲以上的老年患者進(jìn)一步分析中看出A組ORR及DCR明顯高于B組,但由于病例數(shù)有限,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義,值得在今后的臨床試驗(yàn)中增加樣本量進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證。在不良反應(yīng)方面,A組患者未觀察到郁度不良反應(yīng),芋度不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率亦處于較低水平[中性粒細(xì)胞減少(1/48)堯貧血(1/48)堯惡心嘔吐(1/48)堯腹瀉(2/48)堯感染性發(fā)熱(1/48)]。而B組患者中郁度不良反應(yīng)見于中性粒細(xì)胞減少(4/48)堯惡心嘔吐(1/48)等方面,且芋度不良反應(yīng)發(fā)生率相對(duì)較高[中性粒細(xì)胞減少(11/48)堯貧血(2/ 48)堯血小板減少(2/48)堯血轉(zhuǎn)氨酶升高(1/48)堯惡心嘔吐(4/48)堯腹瀉(2/48)堯便秘(1/48)堯感染性發(fā)熱(3/48)]。并且兩組在血液學(xué)毒性堯惡心嘔吐堯乏力堯感染性發(fā)熱等方面比較差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。這一結(jié)果說明替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液相對(duì)于多西他賽毒副作用更低堯安全性更高堯患者耐受性更好,體現(xiàn)出一定優(yōu)越性。
表4 A組與B組不良反應(yīng)比較(例)
綜上所述,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn),替吉奧聯(lián)合康艾注射液在晚期NSCLC患者中的應(yīng)用價(jià)值很高,尤其可使大部分身體狀況欠佳,恐不能耐受常規(guī)化療藥物的老年患者受益,是值得進(jìn)一步推廣的臨床治療新方案。
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Clinical effectiveness of S-1 combined w ith Kang'ai Injection in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer
YANG Jun1HAN Ying2WANG Aihui3GUO Xiaohui1
1.Department of Oncology,Hebei Port Holdings Limited Port Hospital,Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066000,China;
2.Department of Laboratory,Hebei Port Holdings Limited Port Hospital,Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066000,China;
3.Department of Laboratory,Third Hospital of Qinhuangdao,Hebei Province,Qinhuangdao 066000,China
Ob jective To compare the efficacy and safety of S-1 plus Kang'ai injection and docetaxel in the treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).Methods 96 patientswith the failure of one ormore regimens of sys-temic chemotherapy in Hebei Port Holdings Limited Port Hospital from January 2010 to March 2015 were retrospec-tively studied and divided into S-1 plus Kang'ai Injection group(group A)and Docetaxel group(group B)by block randomization,with 48 cases in each group.group A:received oral S-1(80 mg/m2)in two divided doses daily and Kang'ai injection(60mL/d)as an iv infusion,qd,on days 1-14;group B:received docetaxel(75mg/m2)intravenously on day 1.Repeated every 21 days.Results Themedian OS of two groups were 9.5 months and 10.0 months,and the median PFS of two groups were 2.8 months and 4.2 months respectively.The ORR of two groups were 6.25%and 8.33%,and the DCR of two groups were 39.58%and 43.75%respectively.The difference was not statistically signifi-cant.The adverse reactions of group A in hematological toxicity,nausea,vomiting,fatigue and infectious feverwere sig-nificantly lower than those of group B(P<0.05).Conclusion Clinical effectiveness of S-1 plus Kang'ai injection and docetaxel in the treatment of advanced NSCLC is equal,but the toxicity is lower,and the tolerance is better,and it is suitable for the clinical treatment of advanced NSCLC.
S-I;Kang'ai Injection;Docetaxel;Advanced non-small cell lung cancer
R734.2
A
1673-7210(2016)05(a)-0125-04
;2016-01-13本文編輯;趙魯楓)
河北省秦皇島市市級(jí)科技計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(201401A173)。
楊君(1979.10-),女,碩士;研究方向;晚期惡性腫瘤的臨床治療。