美國(guó)洛杉磯市 (2002-2008)

洛杉磯市中心第九高中演藝中心

美國(guó)洛杉磯市 (2002-2008)

業(yè)主：洛杉磯聯(lián)合校區(qū)

規(guī)劃設(shè)計(jì)：藍(lán)天組建筑設(shè)計(jì)事務(wù)所

設(shè)計(jì)主持：沃爾夫?狄?普瑞克斯

設(shè)計(jì)建筑師：Karolin Schmidbaur, Dionicio Valdez

燈光設(shè)計(jì)：華盛頓特區(qū)George Sexton聯(lián)合公司

基地面積： 38 578平方米

總建筑面積：31 138平方米

圖片：Roland Halbe, Duccio Malagamba

制圖：藍(lán)天組

Client: LAUSD – Los Angeles Unified School District, CA, USA

Planning: COOP HIMMELB(L)AU – Wolf D. Prix, Helmut Swiczinsky,

Wolfdieter Dreibholz ZT GmbH

Design Principal: Wolf D. Prix

Design Architects: Karolin Schmidbaur, Dionicio Valdez

Site Area: 39 578 m2

Gross Floor Area: 31 138 m2

Images: ? Roland Halbe；? Duccio Malagamba

Plans: ? COOP HIMMELB(L)AU

三座富有雕塑特色的建筑物猶如國(guó)際象棋的棋子一般，矗立在第九高中的校園中：象征藝術(shù)的塔樓，劇院大廳和位于中間的圖書(shū)館。在學(xué)校的主要入口處，通過(guò)24米寬的大臺(tái)階，可以看到這三座建筑物。項(xiàng)目選址于洛杉磯城市中心，與格蘭大街走廊僅間隔了一條101公路。沿洛杉磯市區(qū)最熱鬧的一條要道邊緣，可直接望見(jiàn)學(xué)校。正是由于該項(xiàng)目的中心位置，藍(lán)天組才決定以此為出發(fā)點(diǎn)來(lái)設(shè)計(jì)學(xué)校的建筑理念。利用建筑在高中學(xué)校內(nèi)打造一片公共空間，同時(shí)提供藝術(shù)表演，這就是本項(xiàng)目對(duì)教育和社區(qū)的主要貢獻(xiàn)，這在當(dāng)今洛杉磯的公立學(xué)校建筑中也是獨(dú)一無(wú)二的。

視覺(jué)藝術(shù)、表演藝術(shù)、音樂(lè)和舞蹈等四個(gè)學(xué)院為1800名學(xué)生提供各類設(shè)施，包括教室、工作室和行政區(qū)域等。公共區(qū)域圍繞學(xué)校的主操場(chǎng)分為：圖書(shū)館、表演藝術(shù)中心（950個(gè)座位）、咖啡廳、行政區(qū)、科技活動(dòng)室以及露天設(shè)施。

建筑符號(hào)——象棋理念

劇院綜合體的結(jié)構(gòu)包括前廳、大禮堂（含樂(lè)池）、舞臺(tái)（包括頂部和后臺(tái)）以及一個(gè)圓形露天劇場(chǎng)（含舞臺(tái)區(qū)）。

劇院有950個(gè)座位，供學(xué)生掌握所有專業(yè)舞臺(tái)的相關(guān)技術(shù)操作，表演對(duì)公眾開(kāi)放。

位于劇院頂部的塔樓融入了螺旋坡道元素，且坡道旋轉(zhuǎn)成9字形，這是洛杉磯城市中一處引人注目的藝術(shù)標(biāo)識(shí)。塔內(nèi)空間是舉辦活動(dòng)、會(huì)議和展覽的場(chǎng)所，在此可以俯瞰全城。

圖書(shū)館是學(xué)習(xí)的場(chǎng)所，是知識(shí)的殿堂，在該項(xiàng)目中藍(lán)天組將其設(shè)計(jì)為一座傾斜的平頂圓錐形建筑，并位于校園的中心位置。在圖書(shū)館內(nèi)部，錐體提供了一個(gè)大型的開(kāi)放空間，光源則來(lái)自頂部的圓形天窗。設(shè)計(jì)創(chuàng)造了一個(gè)開(kāi)闊、動(dòng)感而又含蓄、集中的空間，適合人們?cè)谄渲兴伎己蛯Ｐ闹轮镜貙W(xué)習(xí)。

四座教學(xué)大樓形成了學(xué)校內(nèi)操場(chǎng)的邊界。每個(gè)學(xué)院以及其他的公共教育區(qū)和行政區(qū)都位于這座功能性建筑群內(nèi)。每座建筑都與一個(gè)中央走廊相連，中央走廊同時(shí)兼具展館的功能。寬敞開(kāi)闊的公共階梯在進(jìn)出口都設(shè)置了門哨，形成了內(nèi)外部的過(guò)渡空間。每座學(xué)院大樓都設(shè)有普通教室、藝術(shù)工作室、工作室和衛(wèi)星樓管理中心。

Like chess figures three sculptural buildings dominate the campus of the High School #9: a tower as sign for the arts, a public lobby, and the library in the center. All three buildings can be seen from the main school entrance via a 24 m wide grand stair. The central location of the site downtown, separated from the Grand Avenue corridor by the 101 freeway and thus visually exposed along the edge of one of the most widely used thoroughfares in downtown Los Angeles, served Coop Himmelb(l)au as the point of departure for the architectural concept for the school. To provide public spaces within a high school through the architecture and supported by the performing arts program is one of the main contributions of this project to education and the community, and unique in contemporary public school buildings in Los Angeles.

The facilities for the four academies for Visual Arts, Performing Arts, Music and Dance are used by about 1,800 students and include classrooms, studios and administrative spaces. Shared spaces are grouped around the main school courtyard: the library, a public 950 seat performing arts theater, a cafeteria, administrations spaces, science rooms, and open air facilities.

Architectural Signs – Chess Concept

The theater complex consists of the entrance lobby, main auditorium with orchestra pit, stage with fly loft, back stage, and an outdoor amphitheater with stage area.

The theater with a seating capacity of 950 visitors will allow the students to learn all technical aspects of operating on a professional stage and will be open to the public for performances.

A tower with spiralling ramp in the shape of the number 9 is located on top of the theater’s fly-loft serves as a widely visible sign for the arts in the city. Inside the tower, an event, conference and exhibition space with a view across the city is located.

As the symbol for learning and education the library is formally expressed through a slanted, truncated cone and placed in the center of the school courtyard. Inside, the cone provides a large open space illuminated from above by a circular skylight. This offers an open, dynamic, but introverted and concentrated space for contemplation and focused learning.

The four classroom buildings form the perimeter of the school’s interior courtyards. The functional boxes house one academy each as well as other shared educational and administrative spaces. Each building is organized with a central corridor which doubles as an exhibition gallery. Generous open public stairways with lookout points to the exterior and expressive entrances serve as transition spaces between the exterior and interior. Each academy building houses its general classrooms, artstudios, workrooms, and satellite administration spaces.

? Duccio Malagamba

沿著格蘭大街和場(chǎng)地周圍的戰(zhàn)略高點(diǎn)都裝上了大塊的圓形窗戶，形成了一種獨(dú)樹(shù)一幟、生氣勃勃的外觀，路人可以看到學(xué)校里的活動(dòng)。同樣，建筑內(nèi)的學(xué)生也能夠以不斷變化的視角審視這個(gè)城市。

除了在格蘭大街的公共入口，七座建筑物又圍合出一個(gè)具有代表性的主入口。24米寬的開(kāi)放式大臺(tái)階直接通向?qū)W校的主操場(chǎng)，中間是圓錐形的圖書(shū)館，后面是劇院和塔樓。主入口被設(shè)計(jì)成一個(gè)大臺(tái)階，象征著學(xué)生在學(xué)校的生活和教育是其人生的一個(gè)決定性階段。

材質(zhì)和色彩概念

項(xiàng)目采用的材質(zhì)和色彩是建筑構(gòu)想的重要部分。三座極富雕塑特色的建筑物，即塔樓、劇院大廳和圖書(shū)館，外覆噴沙亞光不銹鋼，其淺反射表面增加了建筑的雕塑感，使其顯得與校園里其他建筑物截然不同。

為達(dá)到最佳隔音效果，采用了露石混凝土作為劇院的結(jié)構(gòu)端外部材料，其重量和無(wú)孔性塑造出一種強(qiáng)烈的抽象形式，可以看到舉辦專場(chǎng)活動(dòng)的內(nèi)部隱藏空間。

沿著格蘭大街就能發(fā)現(xiàn)視覺(jué)藝術(shù)大樓，外覆涂滿深灰粉末的鋁板，立面裝飾著不規(guī)則的圓形玻璃，使其顯得格外引人注目。

坐落在校園后方的舞蹈、音樂(lè)和行政大樓，外涂光滑的灰漿。

環(huán)保、節(jié)能和建筑服務(wù)理念

建筑內(nèi)部應(yīng)用了以下幾種策略來(lái)提高能源效率：

? 所有建筑物采用了整體空間規(guī)模，以實(shí)現(xiàn)功能和形式的合成效應(yīng)? 采用了有效的管道分布格局，避免密實(shí)空間長(zhǎng)期閑置

? 減少智能配置供應(yīng)區(qū)域的空氣調(diào)節(jié)量，送回空氣調(diào)節(jié)器，避免浪費(fèi)能源調(diào)節(jié)未用空間

除了專用房間外，所有區(qū)域都安裝了活動(dòng)窗，讓新鮮空氣流通，達(dá)到良好的通風(fēng)效果。另外，每間教室都安裝了獨(dú)立的暖通空調(diào)系統(tǒng)。

Along Grand Avenue and at strategic viewpoints around the site large round windows are placed to create a distinct and lively exterior and to allow passers by a glimpse of the activities within the school. Likewise, students inside the buildings will have visual contact with the city with constantly changing perspectives and frames.

In addition to the public entrance on Grand Avenue the seven buildings frame the representational main school entrance. A 24 m wide grand open stair leads directly into the main school courtyard with the conical library in its center and theater and tower in the background. The main entrance symbolically sets the stage for the students to experience this school as a decisive stage in their life and education.

Material and colour concept

The materials and colours chosen for the project are an integral part of the architectural conception. The three sculptural forms - the tower, lobby and library - are clad in bead blasted stainless steel. Its softly reflective surface enhances the sculptural quality of the buildings and sets them apart from the rest of the campus.

For acoustical reasons exposed concrete was chosen as the structural end exterior material of the theater. Its heaviness and the absence of openings create a powerful abstract form in whose hidden interior the space for special events can be found.

The visual arts building – situated visibly along Grand Avenue – is clad elegantly in dark grey powder coated aluminum panels and accentuated through a fa?ade of irregular round windows.

The dance, music and administration buildings towards the back of the campus are clad in smooth grey plaster.

Environmental, Energy and Building Services Concepts

Inside the buildings several strategies are employed to enhance energy efficiency:

? Integrated space planning for all buildings to create a synergy of function and form

? Most effective duct distribution layout to avoid excess unused plenum space

? Reduce volume of conditioned space to the area where people are through intelligent placement of supply and return air registers, instead of conditioning unused space.

? Operable windows in all spaces except specialty rooms to allow for fresh air to contribute to space ventilation. In addition, separate HVAC controls for each classroom.

Central Los Angeles Area High School #9 for the Visual and Performing Arts

Los Angeles, USA (2002-2008)

? Duccio Malagamba

? Duccio Malagamba

? Roland Halbe

? Roland Halbe

? Duccio Malagamba