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針藥結合治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)22例

2016-08-12 05:24
光明中醫(yī) 2016年12期
關鍵詞:痛經(jīng)針灸中藥

劉 英 楊 娟

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針藥結合治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)22例

劉英楊娟

福建省婦幼保健院中醫(yī)科(福州 350001)

摘要:目的觀察針藥結合治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)的臨床療效。方法將42例符合納入標準的氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)患者隨機分為兩組,針藥組22例,采用針藥結合療法;西藥組20例,口服布洛芬緩釋膠囊,兩組均治療3個月經(jīng)周期,觀察兩組治療后的療效。結果針藥組和西藥組治療后,痛經(jīng)癥狀積分比治療前降低,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。兩組治療后療效比較針藥組優(yōu)于單純西藥組,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。針藥結合組,痊愈8例,占36.36%,顯效9例,占40.91%,有效4例,占18.18%,無效1例,占4.55%,總有效率達95.45%;西藥組,痊愈6例,占30.00%,顯效7例,占35.00%,有效4例,占20.00%,無效3例,占15.00%,總有效率達80.00%。與西藥組相比,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。結論針藥結合治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)療效顯著,值得推廣和應用。

關鍵詞:針灸; 中藥; 氣滯血瘀型; 痛經(jīng)

痛經(jīng)是婦科臨床的常見病,筆者近幾年來采用針灸結合自擬行氣化瘀湯治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng),獲得滿意療效,現(xiàn)報道如下。

1 資料與方法

1.1一般資料該研究患者均來源于福建省婦幼保健院中醫(yī)科門診,共42例,采用隨機數(shù)字表分為兩組,治療組22例,采用針藥結合治療,年齡12~39歲,平均年齡(23±5.32)歲,病程3月~10年,平均病程(3.13±0.91)年,疼痛程度評分6.5~15.5分,平均疼痛評分(8.95±1.38)分;對照組20例,口服布洛芬緩釋膠囊,年齡14~37歲,平均年齡(22±4.18)歲,病程2月~9年,平均病程(3.05±0.87)年,疼痛程度評分6.5~15.5分,平均疼痛評分(9.12±1.17)分,患者年齡、病程以及疼痛程度評分差異無統(tǒng)計學意義,具有可比性。

1.2診斷標準中醫(yī)辨證標準(參照《中藥新藥臨床指導原則(第一輯)》氣滯血瘀型:主證:經(jīng)前或經(jīng)期小腹脹痛拒按。次證:①經(jīng)血量少,血行不暢;②血色紫暗有塊,塊下痛減;③經(jīng)前乳房脹痛,胸悶不舒。舌脈:舌質(zhì)紫暗或有瘀點,脈弦。辨證要求:其中主證必備,次證兼具兩項,結合舌脈,即可辨證。

西醫(yī)診斷標準:《婦產(chǎn)科學》[1]原發(fā)性痛經(jīng):痛經(jīng)的癥狀開始于經(jīng)前、經(jīng)血出現(xiàn)不久或經(jīng)后,僅持續(xù)數(shù)小時或數(shù)天。并經(jīng)婦科檢查(未婚者行肛診),生殖器官無明顯器質(zhì)性病變者。多發(fā)生于月經(jīng)初潮2~3年的青春期少女或未育者。

1.3納入及排除標準納入標準:①符合中醫(yī)痛經(jīng)診斷標準和氣滯血瘀型中醫(yī)辨證標準;②符合西醫(yī)原發(fā)性痛經(jīng)診斷標準;年齡在12~40歲女性;③治療前三個周期內(nèi)未服用鎮(zhèn)痛藥、激素類藥;④患者知情并同意。排除標準:①西醫(yī)診斷為繼發(fā)性痛經(jīng),經(jīng)B超及婦科檢查證實由盆腔炎、子宮肌瘤、子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥所致的痛經(jīng);②對藥物組成成分過敏者;③合并有心腦血管、肝、腎和造血系統(tǒng)等嚴重原發(fā)性疾病,或精神病患者。

1.4疼痛程度評分標準參照《中藥新藥臨床研究指導原則》制定。下腹疼痛、拒按(或為刺痛、絞痛)5分(基礎分),腹痛難忍1分,腹痛明顯、但可忍耐0.5分,坐臥不寧1分,冷汗淋漓1分,四肢厥冷1分,面色蒼白1分,需臥床休息1分,影響工作、學習1分,用一般止痛措施不能緩解1分,用一般止痛措施能緩解0.5分,腰酸痛0.5分。

1.5治療方法

1.5.1治療組針灸結合口服行氣化瘀湯治療。具體方法如下。針灸治則:疏肝理氣,活血化瘀。取穴:關元、氣海、子宮、期門、血海、三陰交、陰陵泉穴、合谷、太沖。采用華佗牌30mm×40mm規(guī)格毫針針刺,以患者自覺酸麻脹為度。關元、氣海采用溫針灸,余穴留針30分鐘,于行經(jīng)前1周開始針灸,每日1次,針刺至行經(jīng)第2天。行氣化瘀湯基本方:桃仁15 g,香附10 g,川芎6 g,川楝子10 g,延胡索6 g,佛手10 g,枳殼6 g,五靈脂10 g,路路通10 g,當歸6 g,赤芍10 g,紅花10 g,烏藥6 g,益母草15 g。于行經(jīng)前1周開始服藥至行經(jīng)第2天,上藥水煎服,每日1劑,每日2次。

1個月經(jīng)周期為一個療程,治療3個月經(jīng)周期。

1.5.2對照組口服布洛芬緩釋膠囊,每次1粒,每日2次,飯后口服。疼痛緩解后停藥。1個月經(jīng)周期為一個療程,治療3個月經(jīng)周期。

1.6疼痛程度評分標準①參照《中藥新藥臨床研究指導原則》制定。②根據(jù)《婦科疑難病現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)診斷與治療》[2]制定。痊愈:治療后腹痛及其它癥狀消失,停藥3個月經(jīng)周期無復發(fā);顯效:治療后腹痛及其它癥狀明顯減輕,不服止痛藥能堅持工作;有效:治療后腹痛及其它癥狀減輕,服止痛藥能堅持工作;無效:治療后腹痛及其它癥狀無改變。

2 結果

2.1兩組治療前后痛經(jīng)癥狀積分比較兩組治療前后比較采用配對t檢驗,P<0.05。兩組治療后,采用獨立樣本的秩和檢驗,P<0.05。針藥組和西藥組治療后,痛經(jīng)癥狀積分降低,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。兩組治療后比較針藥組療效優(yōu)于單純西藥組,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。見表1。

表1 兩組治療前后痛經(jīng)癥狀積分比較 ±s)

2.2兩組治療后總療效比較針藥結合組,痊愈8例,占36.36%,顯效9例,占40.91%,有效4例,占18.18%,無效1例,占4.55%,總有效率達95.45%;西藥組,痊愈6例,占30.00%,顯效7例,占35.00%,有效4例,占20.00%,無效3例,占15.00%,總有效率達80.00%。與西藥組相比,P<0.05,差異有統(tǒng)計學意義。見表2。

表2 兩組治療后總療效比較 (例,%)

注:與西藥組相比,P<0.05。

3 結論

痛經(jīng)以青年婦女多見,其發(fā)病原因復雜,主要有情志所傷、起居不慎或六淫為害等,并與素體及生理環(huán)境有關。受上述致病因素影響,導致沖任瘀阻,使氣血運行不暢,胞宮經(jīng)血流通受阻,以致“不通則痛”;或者胞宮沖任失于濡養(yǎng),以致不榮則痛。本病最早見于《金貴要略·婦人雜病脈證并治第二十二》:“帶下,經(jīng)水不利,少腹?jié)M痛,經(jīng)一月再見?!毙袣饣鰷幸蕴胰?、川芎、路路通活血行瘀;香附、川楝子、延胡索、佛手、枳殼行氣止痛;五靈脂散瘀止痛。研究表明[3],針刺不僅可以激發(fā)立竿見影的“即時效應”,而且適當?shù)尼槾填l率和強度可以產(chǎn)生持續(xù)較長時間的“后續(xù)效應”。楊東霞等[4]研究表明,針藥結合對EMs大鼠模型有明顯的鎮(zhèn)痛作用。寧英[5]研究發(fā)現(xiàn)針刺和西藥治療原發(fā)性痛經(jīng)均有療效,且針刺組療效優(yōu)于西藥組,具有臨床應用和推廣價值。西藥布洛芬膠囊,半衰期短,持續(xù)作用時間短,且患者常伴有頭暈、惡心、皮疹等不良反應。本研究表明,針藥結合治療氣滯血瘀型痛經(jīng)的療效優(yōu)于西藥布洛芬組,且在臨床中并無出現(xiàn)明顯的不良反應,值得今后推廣和應用。

參考文獻

[1]樂杰.婦產(chǎn)科學[M].北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2007:318.

[2]程涇.婦科疑難病現(xiàn)代中醫(yī)診斷與治療[M].北京:人民衛(wèi)生出版社,2003:361-365.

[3]黃仕榮.針刺鎮(zhèn)痛的后效應、針刺耐受與針刺頻度[J].中國疼痛醫(yī)學雜志,2006,12(6):360-362.

[4]楊東霞,周忠光,胡妮娜,等.針藥結合對寒凝血瘀型子宮內(nèi)膜異位癥大鼠的鎮(zhèn)痛作用研究[J].針灸臨床雜志,2015,31(4):56.

[5]寧英.針刺治療原發(fā)性痛經(jīng)45例療效觀察[J].中醫(yī)臨床研究,2015,7(2):34-35.

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1003-8914.2016.12.042

文章編號:1003-8914(2016)-12-1771-03

收稿日期:(本文校對:王玲2015-09-07)

Acupuncture combined with Chinese Medicine in the Treatment of Qi Stagnation and Blood Stasis Dysmenorrhea for 22 Cases

LIU YingYANG Juan

(Department of TCM, Fujian Province Maternity and Children Health Hospital, Fujian, Fuzhou 350001, China)

Abstract:ObjectiveTo observe the clinical curative effect of acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine in the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis dysmenorrhea. Methods42 cases of patients who met the inclusion standard of qi stagnation and blood stasis dysmenorrhea were randomly divided into two groups. The combination group of 22 cases was treated with acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine. The Western medicine group of 20 cases was treated with oral ibuprofen sustained release capsules. Two groups were treated for three menstrual cycles, and the therapeutic effect was observed after the treatment. ResultsAfter treatment, the symptom scores of the combination group and the Western medicine group were lower than those before treatment P<0.05, and the difference was statistically significant. The therapeutic effect of the combination group was better than that of the Western medicine group P<0.05, and the difference was statistically significant. In the combination group, 8 cases were cured, accounting for 36.36%, 9 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 40.91%, 4 cases were effective, accounting for 18.18%, 1 case was invalid, accounting for 4.55%, and the total effective rate was 95.45%. In the Western medicine group, 6 cases were cured, accounting for 30%, 7 cases were markedly effective, accounting for 35%, 4 cases were effective, accounting for 20%, 3 cases were invalid, accounting for 15%, and the total effective rate was 80%. Comparing with the Western medicine group P<0.05, the difference was statistically significant. ConclusionThe acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine in the treatment of qi stagnation and blood stasis dysmenorrhea has significantly curative effect, and is worthy of popularization and application.

Key words:Acupuncture and moxibustion; Chinese medicine; Qi stagnation and blood stasis; Dysmenorrhea

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