1. attack vt. 襲擊；攻擊；（用語(yǔ)言或文字）猛烈抨

擊，非難；侵襲；侵蝕；進(jìn)攻

They attacked this village during the night.

他們?cè)谝归g襲擊了這個(gè)村莊。

My friend was attacked by a young man while walking home alone.

我的朋友獨(dú)自回家時(shí)遭到了一個(gè)年輕人的攻擊。

She has been attacked for ignoring her son.

她因漠視自己的兒子而受到責(zé)難。

Scientists find a new disease that will attack mans brain.

科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種會(huì)侵襲人類大腦的新的疾病。

Spain attacked more in the second half.

西班牙隊(duì)在下半場(chǎng)加強(qiáng)了攻勢(shì)。

attack n. 襲擊；攻擊；辱罵；抨擊；（疾病的）突然發(fā)作

The planes began their attack on the city.

飛機(jī)開(kāi)始攻擊這個(gè)城市。

The city came under attack during the night.

這座城市在夜間遭到了襲擊。

He is recovering from an attack of flu.

他的流行性感冒快好了。

attacker n. 進(jìn)攻者；襲擊者

I didnt really see the attacker.

我沒(méi)有看清楚襲擊我的人。

2. frightening adj. 嚇人的；引起恐懼的

Its frightening to think that this kind of thing will happen again.

想到這類事情可能再發(fā)生就讓人不寒而栗。

frighten v. 使驚嚇；使恐嚇

frightened adj. 驚嚇的；受驚的

注意：frightening和frightened的區(qū)別

frightening表示某物使人產(chǎn)生害怕的情緒，主語(yǔ)是物；frightened表示某人處于害怕的狀態(tài)，主語(yǔ)是人。

The idea of death is frightening to most people.

死的想法對(duì)于大多數(shù)人來(lái)說(shuō)都是可怕的。

He was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building.

他害怕從高樓頂部往下看。

3. exist vi. 存在

Does life exist in other planet？

其他行星上有生命嗎？

exist on 靠……生活/生存

It was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.

他們要靠這一點(diǎn)收入生活是不可能的。

existence n. 存在；實(shí)有

came into existence 存在

existent n. & adj. 存在（或?qū)嵱校┑氖挛?；存在的；?shí)有的

existing adj. 現(xiàn)存的；現(xiàn)行的

4. calm adj. 平靜的

Although she was shocked by this news， her voice was surprisingly calm.

雖然這個(gè)消息讓她很震驚，但她的聲音卻出人意料的平靜。

You must try to be calm.

你必須設(shè)法冷靜下來(lái)。

calm v. 使平靜；使鎮(zhèn)靜

They did what they could to calm her.

他們盡力使她平靜下來(lái)。

calm down （使）平靜；鎮(zhèn)靜；安靜

He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down.

他深深吸了幾口氣，讓自己冷靜下來(lái)。

calmness n. 平靜；冷靜；鎮(zhèn)靜

It would be wise to deal with these problems with calmness.

冷靜地處理這些問(wèn)題才是明智的。

calm n. 平靜的時(shí)期；寧?kù)o的狀態(tài)

I like the calm of the summer evening.

我喜歡夏日夜晚的寧?kù)o。

the calm before the storm 暴風(fēng)雨前的平靜

calmly adv. 平靜地；冷靜地；鎮(zhèn)靜地

She recovered from her surprise， and answered calmly.

她從驚慌中恢復(fù)過(guò)來(lái)，并且鎮(zhèn)靜地給予了回答。

5. cover vt. 占地（多大面積）；足以支付；包括；

覆蓋，遮蓋

The city covered ten square miles.

這座城市占地五平方英里。

The discussion covered a wide range of subjects.

這個(gè)討論涵蓋了廣泛的內(nèi)容。

Dust covered all the furniture.

所有的家具都覆蓋了灰塵。

cover n. 封面；蓋子，套子；遮蓋物，隱蔽處

read form cover to cover 從頭看到底

take cover 藏身；躲藏

under cover 保密；秘密地

6. disappear vi. 不見(jiàn)；消失

When spring comes， the snow disappears.

春天來(lái)臨時(shí)，積雪全都不見(jiàn)了。

Lets hope that our difficulties will soon disappear.

希望我們的苦難很快就會(huì)消失。

disappearance n. 消失；失蹤；不見(jiàn)

We were puzzled by the sudden disappearance of the guide.

對(duì)于導(dǎo)游的突然消失，我們感到很疑惑。

7. fortune n. 運(yùn)氣；命運(yùn)；財(cái)富；大筆的錢(qián)，巨款

Fortune smiled on me.

我交了好運(yùn)。

You dont have to spend a fortune to give your family tasty and healthy meals.

讓家里人吃味道好又健康的餐食并不需要花多少錢(qián)。

fortunate adj. 幸運(yùn)的

fortunately adv. 幸好/幸運(yùn)地

8. die out 滅絕；不復(fù)存在；熄滅

Tribes and tribal customs died out centuries ago.

部落和部落文化在幾個(gè)世紀(jì)前就消亡了。

The fire died out.

火熄滅了。

注意：die out/die for/die off/die away/die down的區(qū)別

die out意為“滅絕，不復(fù)存在”；die for意為“迫切想要某物或做某事”；die off意為“一個(gè)接一個(gè)死去；相繼死去”；die away意為“逐漸減弱；逐漸消失”；die down意為“逐漸變?nèi)酰恢饾u平息”。

The practice of children working in factories has nearly dies out.

工廠中使用童工的做法幾乎絕跡。

He is dying for the book.

他很想要這本書(shū)。

As she got older and older， her relatives all died off.

隨著她越來(lái)越老，她的親屬都相繼去世了。

The sound of the music died away.

音樂(lè)聲漸漸消失了。

When the applause had died down， she began her speech.

掌聲平息后她便開(kāi)始演講了。

9. due to 由于；因……造成；歸功于

Her absence was due to heavy traffic.

由于交通堵塞她缺席了。

This situation was in part due to financial difficulties.

這種情況部分是由經(jīng)濟(jì)困難造成的。

due to sb 應(yīng)支付/應(yīng)給予/歸功于某人

due （for） sth 應(yīng)有/應(yīng)得到某物

due to do sth 預(yù)定/預(yù)期/預(yù)計(jì)做某事

10. go for 挑選，選擇；試圖得到，努力爭(zhēng)取；批評(píng)；

喜歡，被……吸引；適用于

When you offer him apples he always goes for the biggest one.

你給他蘋(píng)果時(shí)，他總是挑選最大的。

I hear that you are going to go for that job.

我聽(tīng)說(shuō)你準(zhǔn)備去爭(zhēng)取那份工作。

My mother went for me when she knew that I told a lie.

我媽媽在得知我說(shuō)謊后狠狠地罵了我一頓。

Do you go for Chinese food？

你喜歡中國(guó)食物嗎？

What I said about Peter goes for you， too.

我說(shuō)的有關(guān)彼得的話也適用于你。

go about 著手；從事

go after 追逐；追求

go against 違背；反對(duì)

go along 繼續(xù)；進(jìn)行

go along with 贊成；支持

go around 傳播

go on 發(fā)生；進(jìn)行；繼續(xù)

go through 遭受；經(jīng)歷；仔細(xì)檢查；審查；（法律等）

被通過(guò)

There is no such thing as a great talent without great will power. —Balzac

沒(méi)有偉大的意志力，便沒(méi)有雄才大略。 ——巴爾扎克