王 靜 馬海欣 曾 珠
(陜西省西安市兒童醫(yī)院新生兒二科,西安市 710003,E-mail:wangjing6005@sina.cn)
論著·臨床研究
血清脂聯(lián)素及胰島素樣生長因子-1水平變化在新生兒缺氧缺血性腦病中的臨床意義
王 靜 馬海欣 曾 珠
(陜西省西安市兒童醫(yī)院新生兒二科,西安市 710003,E-mail:wangjing6005@sina.cn)
目的 探討胰島素樣生長因子-1(IGF-1)和脂聯(lián)素(APN)的變化在新生兒缺氧缺血性腦病(HIE)中的臨床意義。方法 足月新生兒88例,于出生時(shí)取臍帶血及出生后3~5 d(急性期)及10~14 d(恢復(fù)期)取外周靜脈血檢測血清APN及IGF-1水平。于生后足月時(shí)根據(jù)診斷進(jìn)行分組,其中健康足月新生兒20例為對照組,HIE的足月新生兒68例,分為HIE重度組(n=20)、HIE中度組(n=25)和HIE輕度組(n=23)3個(gè)亞組,比較4組的APN及IGF-1水平;分析HIE新生兒不同時(shí)期APN和IGF-1水平的相關(guān)性。結(jié)果 4組間APN和IGF-1水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05),其中HIE重度組及中度組均低于對照組(P<0.05),而HIE輕度組與對照組比較差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),HIE重度組均低于中度組,中度組低于輕度組(P<0.05);4組各時(shí)間點(diǎn)的APN和IGF-1水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P<0.05)。HIE新生兒出生時(shí)和急性期的APN與IGF-1水平呈正相關(guān)(P<0.05),而恢復(fù)期兩者無相關(guān)性(P>0.05)。結(jié)論 APN和IGF-1水平變化與新生兒HIE的發(fā)生發(fā)展密切相關(guān),對于臨床診斷和病情發(fā)展具有一定提示作用。
缺氧缺血性腦??;胰島素樣生長因子-1;脂聯(lián)素;臍血;急性期;恢復(fù)期;相關(guān)性
缺氧缺血性腦病(hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)是由于圍產(chǎn)期胎兒缺氧、缺血導(dǎo)致的顱腦損傷[1],因腦組織缺氧、缺血再灌注導(dǎo)致大量炎性因子釋放,造成腦細(xì)胞不可逆損傷[2],引起患兒死亡、腦癱、智力發(fā)育遲緩等不良預(yù)后[3],因而早期診斷、早期抑制腦細(xì)胞炎癥反應(yīng)有利于改善患兒預(yù)后。胰島素樣生長因子-1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)和脂聯(lián)素(adiponectin,APN)作為內(nèi)源性生物活性因子,能夠抑制炎癥反應(yīng)、促進(jìn)神經(jīng)元增殖及血管增生[4],在腦外傷及腦血管疾病中發(fā)揮發(fā)揮保護(hù)作用,且在急性炎癥反應(yīng)的動(dòng)物模型中IGF-1及APN水平呈正相關(guān)[5]。但I(xiàn)GF-1和APN在新生兒HIE中的作用仍未清楚[6]。本研究通過監(jiān)測HIE新生兒血清IGF-1和APN水平,探討兩者的相關(guān)性及其與HIE的關(guān)系,以期為HIE早期診斷及治療提供參考。
1.1 臨床資料 選擇2012年2月到2015年2月在我院分娩的足月新生兒88例,其中68例新生兒診斷為HIE,男36例,女32例,均符合新生兒HIE診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)[7],且排除巨大兒、非窒息引起的顱內(nèi)出血、血腫及顱內(nèi)感染等疾病者;根據(jù)新生兒HIE的診斷標(biāo)準(zhǔn)將研究對象分為重度HIE組20例、中度HIE組25例和輕度HIE組23例。20例正常足月新生兒為對照組,其中男13例,女7例,均無產(chǎn)傷、圍產(chǎn)期期窒息且新生兒評分為10分,未合并疾病,已排除新生兒母親合并妊娠期并發(fā)癥者。各組新生兒性別、出生體重、胎齡及分娩方式差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),見表1。本研究通過我院倫理委員會(huì)批準(zhǔn),所有患兒家屬均被告知試驗(yàn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)并簽署知情同意書。
表1 各組臨床資料比較
1.2 研究方法 各組新生兒在出生時(shí)抽取臍帶血5 ml,出生后3~5 d(HIE急性期)和10~14 d(HIE恢復(fù)期)抽取外周靜脈血5 ml,所留取的血標(biāo)本均置于離心機(jī)中,3 000 r/min離心10 min,取上層血清置于-80℃保存待用。為避免晝夜節(jié)律影響IGF-1、APN分泌,新生兒出生后采血均于9 ∶00~11 ∶00。待確診分組后,分別采用IGF-1、APN酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗(yàn)(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)試劑盒(美國R&D公司生產(chǎn))檢測各組新生兒IGF-1、APN濃度,試驗(yàn)步驟及操作均嚴(yán)格按照產(chǎn)品說明書進(jìn)行。
1.3 統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析 采用SPSS 19.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)分析,計(jì)量資料采用(x±s)表示,多組均數(shù)比較采用方差分析,兩組間比較采用Dunnett-t檢驗(yàn),重復(fù)測量資料采用重復(fù)測量的方差分析;計(jì)數(shù)資料比較采用χ2檢驗(yàn),相關(guān)性分析采用Spearman直線相關(guān)分析。以P<0.05為差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義。
2.1 各組不同時(shí)期APN水平比較 4組間的APN水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F組間=21.432,P組間=0.001),HIE重度組、HIE中度組均低于對照組(均P<0.05),且HIE重度組低于HIE中度組(P<0.05),HIE中度組低于HIE輕度組(P<0.05),HIE輕度組與對照組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);各組不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的APN水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F時(shí)間=19.801,P時(shí)間=0.005);組間與時(shí)間有交互效應(yīng)(F交互=21.561,P交互=0.001)。見表2。
表2 4組各時(shí)間點(diǎn)APN水平比較(x±s,mg/L)
2.2 各組不同時(shí)期IGF-1水平比較 4組間的IGF-1水平比較,差異具有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F組間=24.101,P組間<0.001),其中,重度組和中度組均低于對照組(P均=0.001),重度組低于中度組(P<0.05),中度組低于輕度組(P<0.05),輕度組與對照組比較,差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05);各組不同時(shí)間點(diǎn)的IGF-1水平比較,差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(F時(shí)間=20.006,P時(shí)間=0.012),其中,HIE輕度組、HIE中度組及HIE重度組均在出生后10~14 d時(shí)較前明顯回升;組間與時(shí)間有交互效應(yīng)(F交互=18.675,P交互=0.026)。見表3。
表3 4組各時(shí)間點(diǎn)IGF-1水平比較(x±s,μg/L)
2.3 HIE患兒各時(shí)期APN與IGF-1的相關(guān)性 HIE患兒臍血(出生時(shí))APN與IGF-1水平呈正相關(guān)(r=0.58,P=0.021),且HIE急性期(出生后3~5 d)APN與IGF-1水平也呈正相關(guān)(r=0.64,P=0.018)。而HIE恢復(fù)期(出生后10~14 d)二者無相關(guān)性(P>0.05)。
胎兒圍產(chǎn)期窒息導(dǎo)致腦組織炎癥反應(yīng)、缺血再灌注等是新生兒HIE的主要病理生理改變,可引起新生兒死亡或神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)后遺癥[7],目前仍缺乏治療HIE的特異性手段[8]。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)IGF-1和APN能夠抑制炎癥反應(yīng)、保護(hù)腦組織及改善缺血再灌注[9-11],但兩者在HIE中的作用尚未明確。
本研究結(jié)果顯示,HIE重度組和中度組患兒臍血、急性期及恢復(fù)期APN水平均低于對照組水平(P<0.05),且隨著HIE程度增加而降低,輕度組APN水平也較對照組水平低,但是差異無統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P>0.05),提示APN與HIE病程發(fā)展有關(guān)。這可能是由于APN在HIE病理生理過程中發(fā)揮抗炎和神經(jīng)保護(hù)作用,大量APN由血液循環(huán)進(jìn)入中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng),因而外周水平降低。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)APN在腦外傷、冠狀動(dòng)脈疾病及慢性心衰等疾病通過減少IL-1β、TNF-α等炎性因子[12],抑制細(xì)胞氧化應(yīng)激反應(yīng),促進(jìn)血管生成等途徑改善細(xì)胞缺氧、組織缺血再灌注,但其在HIE中發(fā)揮作用的機(jī)制仍需基礎(chǔ)研究的支持[13-14,2]。
對IGF-1水平檢測結(jié)果顯示,HIE重度組和中度組患兒臍血、急性期、恢復(fù)期IGF-1水平均低于對照組(P<0.05),且在恢復(fù)期HIE各組IGF-1水平較前有所回升,表明血清IGF-1水平變化與HIE病情密切相關(guān),其水平降低可能與急性期腦細(xì)胞大量消耗引起外周水平降低有關(guān)。IGF-1能夠與其特異性受體結(jié)合促進(jìn)神經(jīng)元生長,抑制炎癥反應(yīng)及減少細(xì)胞凋亡[15-16],而在有關(guān)在大鼠缺血損傷研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)IGF-1缺血再灌注急性期IGF-1受體表達(dá)增加,且神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞IGF-1水平亦增高[17],從另一方面證明IGF-1與腦缺血損傷后修復(fù)有關(guān)。此外,本研究發(fā)現(xiàn)HIE患兒臍血、急性期血清APN和IGF-1水平呈正相關(guān),其可能的原因?yàn)镮GF-1能夠調(diào)節(jié)脂肪組織中APN的合成[18],在急性炎癥反應(yīng)的動(dòng)物模型中亦發(fā)現(xiàn)血清APN及IGF-1水平呈正相關(guān),且二者在炎癥反應(yīng)中均能通過抑制NF-κB進(jìn)而抑制炎癥反應(yīng)[19]。
綜上所述,血清IGF-1和APN水平與新生兒HIE密切相關(guān),且兩者在患兒出生時(shí)及急性期呈正相關(guān),對于臨床診斷和病情發(fā)展具有一定提示作用,但其機(jī)制及臨床應(yīng)用仍需基礎(chǔ)實(shí)驗(yàn)和大樣本臨床樣本支持。
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Clinical significance of level variation of serum adiponectin and insulin-like growth factor-1 in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy
WANGJing,MAHai-Xin,ZENGZhu
(TheSecondDepartmentofNeonatology,Xi′anChildren′sHospital,Xi′an710003,China)
Objective To explore the clinical significance of level variation of insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1) and adiponectin(APN) in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy(HIE).Methods A total of 88 term neonates were enrolled.The cord blood at birth,peripheral venous blood at postnatal 3-5 days(acute period) and postnatal 10-14 days(recovery period) were collected to detect the serum levels of APN and IGF-1.All neonates were grouped when aged one month according to the diagnosis.And 20 healthy term neonates were taken as control group.Another 68 term neonates with HIE were divided into three subgroups including severe HIE group(n=20),moderate HIE group(n=25) and mild HIE group(n=23).The levels of APN and IGF-1 were compared among four groups.And the correlation of APN level with IGF-1 level was analyzed in different stages of neonates with HIE.Results There were significant differences in APN and IGF-1 levels among four groups(P<0.05).The levels of APN and IGF-1 were lower in the severe HIE group or moderate HIE group compared to those in the control group(P<0.05),but no significant difference was observed in the level of APN or IGF-1 between mild HIE group and control group(P<0.05).The APN and IGF-1 levels in the severe HIE group were lower than those in the moderate group,and the levels in the moderate HIE group were lower than those in the mild HIE group(P<0.05).There were significant differences in the levels of APN and IGF-1 at each time point among four groups(P<0.05).Positive correlation was observed between APN and IGF-1 levels in the neonates with HIE at birth and during the acute period(P<0.05),but no correlation between APN and IGF-1 levels was observed during the recovery period(P>0.05).Conclusion The level variation of APN and IGF-1 is closely associated with the occurrence and progression of neonatal HIE,and has suggestive effects on the clinical diagnosis and disease progression.
Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy,Insulin-like growth factor-1,Adiponectin,Cord blood,Acute period,Recovery period,Correlation
王靜(1981~),女,碩士研究生,主治醫(yī)師,研究方向:新生兒腦病。
R 722.1
A
0253-4304(2016)01-0066-03
10.11675/j.issn.0253-4304.2016.01.20
2015-08-26
2015-11-17)