程春旭,李樹蕾,古小云,黃可欣,李艷超,張舒巖,楊立彬
(1.吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院兒科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;2. 吉林省長(zhǎng)春市傳染病醫(yī)院傳染科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130123;3.吉林大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院組織學(xué)與胚胎學(xué)系,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;4.吉林大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中心,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;5.吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021)
PTZ誘導(dǎo)的癲癇急性發(fā)作大鼠大腦神經(jīng)元中F-actin、Calponin3和ROCK2的表達(dá)及其意義
程春旭1,2,李樹蕾3,古小云3,黃可欣4,李艷超3,張舒巖5,楊立彬1
(1.吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院兒科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;2. 吉林省長(zhǎng)春市傳染病醫(yī)院傳染科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130123;3.吉林大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院組織學(xué)與胚胎學(xué)系,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;4.吉林大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)中心,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021;5.吉林大學(xué)第一醫(yī)院神經(jīng)外科,吉林 長(zhǎng)春 130021)
目的:探討戊四氮(PTZ) 誘發(fā)的大鼠癲癇急性發(fā)作對(duì)大腦神經(jīng)元中F-actin、Calponin3和ROCK2蛋白表達(dá)水平的影響,闡明癲癇急性發(fā)作時(shí)阻斷F-actin異常解聚、觸發(fā)F-actin重構(gòu)的可能機(jī)制。方法:3周齡Wistar 幼鼠56只分為對(duì)照組(n=6)和癲癇組(n=50)。對(duì)照組大鼠給予腹腔注射生理鹽水;癲癇組大鼠經(jīng)腹腔注射60 mg·kg-1PTZ建立癲癇急性發(fā)作模型,造模成功的24只大鼠分別在癲癇急性發(fā)作后的相應(yīng)時(shí)間點(diǎn)(1、2、3和7 d時(shí))隨機(jī)處死6只用于取材。采用Alex-488標(biāo)記的phalloidine進(jìn)行熒光染色觀察大鼠大腦海馬組織中分子層的F-actin熒光強(qiáng)度;采用免疫熒光染色法觀察大鼠大腦皮層和海馬神經(jīng)元中Calponin3和ROCK2的分布;采用Western blotting法檢測(cè)大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3、ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2蛋白的相對(duì)表達(dá)水平。結(jié)果:與對(duì)照組比較,癲癇急性發(fā)作1 d后,癲癇組大鼠大腦樹突棘密集的海馬中分子層的F-actin熒光強(qiáng)度降低(P<0.05),點(diǎn)狀聚集結(jié)構(gòu)消失。免疫熒光染色,對(duì)照組大鼠Calponin3在神經(jīng)元胞質(zhì)中彌漫性分布,而癲癇急性發(fā)作7 d后,癲癇組大鼠神經(jīng)元中Calponin3則聚集在細(xì)胞皮質(zhì);對(duì)照組大鼠ROCK2僅在少量神經(jīng)元突起中分布,而癲癇急性發(fā)作7 d后,癲癇組大鼠大量神經(jīng)元胞體和突起中均可見ROCK2分布。Western blotting檢測(cè),與對(duì)照組比較,癲癇組大鼠各時(shí)間點(diǎn)海馬組織中Calponin3相對(duì)表達(dá)水平顯著降低(P<0.05),但是隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),1周內(nèi)逐漸升高并趨向正常水平。與對(duì)照組比較,癲癇組大鼠海馬組織中ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平從癲癇急性發(fā)作后3 d開始顯著增加并持續(xù)至造模后7 d(P<0.05);磷酸化ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平則從癲癇急性發(fā)作后1 d就開始顯著增加并持續(xù)到7 d(P<0.05),且隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)逐漸降低。結(jié)論:PTZ誘導(dǎo)幼鼠癲癇急性發(fā)作導(dǎo)致F-actin異常解聚,同時(shí)激活RhoA/ROCK2信號(hào)途徑,上調(diào)ROCK2和Calponin3蛋白表達(dá)水平。
癲癇;戊四氮;絲狀肌動(dòng)蛋白;鈣調(diào)節(jié)蛋白3;ROCK2
癲癇作為長(zhǎng)期反復(fù)的發(fā)作性疾病,神經(jīng)元樹突棘缺失和超興奮性突觸的重建是其重要的病理特征。絲狀肌動(dòng)蛋白(Filiment-actin,F-actin)作為主要的細(xì)胞骨架,主要分布在成熟神經(jīng)元的樹突棘[1-3],維持樹突棘結(jié)構(gòu)的穩(wěn)定。因此,F(xiàn)-actin結(jié)構(gòu)或水平異常與癲癇中樹突棘缺失和重建有密切關(guān)聯(lián)。研究[4-8]證實(shí):在多種不同致癇劑誘導(dǎo)的癲癇急性發(fā)作動(dòng)物模型中,樹突棘和F-actin水平均顯著減少,隨著病程的延長(zhǎng),F(xiàn)-actin水平逐漸恢復(fù),同時(shí)伴隨著樹突棘的重建[4,9-10]。但是,癲癇急性發(fā)作后阻斷F-actin異常解聚、觸發(fā)F-actin重構(gòu)的機(jī)制尚不十分明確。為了闡明該機(jī)制,本研究檢測(cè)了戊四氮(pentetrazol,PTZ)誘導(dǎo)的癲癇急性發(fā)作大鼠大腦神經(jīng)元中F-actin、鈣調(diào)節(jié)蛋白3(Calponin3)和ROCK2的分布和表達(dá)。
1.1動(dòng)物、主要試劑和儀器3周齡Wistar雄性幼鼠56只,體質(zhì)量(37±5)g, 由吉林大學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物中心提供,動(dòng)物合格證號(hào):SCXK(吉)-2013-0001。經(jīng)吉林大學(xué)基礎(chǔ)醫(yī)學(xué)院實(shí)驗(yàn)動(dòng)物倫理委員會(huì)審查,所有動(dòng)物按屏障環(huán)境設(shè)施要求管理,飼養(yǎng)于屏障環(huán)境設(shè)施中,24 h自由飲食。PTZ和Alex 564-phalloidine (Sigma公司,美國(guó)),兔抗ROCK2(Abcam公司,美國(guó)),兔抗Calponin3(Sant Cruz公司,美國(guó)),水溶性封片劑(Thermo公司,美國(guó)),蛋白質(zhì)提取試劑盒(Qiagen公司,德國(guó)),BAC試劑盒(碧云天生物技術(shù)研究所,中國(guó)),ECL發(fā)光試劑盒(Thermo公司,美國(guó))。石蠟切片機(jī)(Leica公司,德國(guó)),光學(xué)顯微鏡(Olympus公司,日本),ECL成像系統(tǒng)、SDS電泳儀和濕法轉(zhuǎn)膜儀(Bio-RAD公司,美國(guó))。
1.2動(dòng)物分組和給藥56只大鼠分為對(duì)照組(n=6)和癲癇組(n=50)。癲癇組50只3周齡Wistar 幼鼠腹腔注射60 mg·kg-1PTZ建立癲癇急性發(fā)作模型,按Racine分級(jí)[11]判斷模型是否制備成功。造模成功后24 h為1 d,依次類推。根據(jù)造模后時(shí)間(1、2、3和7 d)將造模成功的24只大鼠(癲癇組)隨機(jī)分為4個(gè)亞組,每組6只動(dòng)物。對(duì)照組6只大鼠腹腔注射0.1 mL生理鹽水。分別在造模成功后1、2、3和7 d腹腔注射0.3%水合氯醛麻醉大鼠,4%多聚甲醛磷酸鹽緩沖液灌注固定,取大鼠腦組織,常規(guī)石蠟包埋,制備3 μm厚切片,用于熒光標(biāo)記和免疫熒光檢測(cè)。
1.3熒光標(biāo)記法檢測(cè)大鼠大腦海馬中分子層的F-actin熒光強(qiáng)度造模后1 d取材制備石蠟切片。石蠟切片經(jīng)過常規(guī)二甲苯脫蠟、下行梯度酒精和水化;滴加2 g·L-1Alexa Flour 488-Phalloidin,4℃過夜;PBS洗5 min×3次,水溶性封片劑封片,熒光顯微鏡下觀察大鼠海馬中分子層F-actin分布,利用ImageJ軟件分析相同面積內(nèi)F-actin的熒光強(qiáng)度。每組觀察3只動(dòng)物,每只動(dòng)物觀察3張腦組織切片。
1.4免疫熒光法檢測(cè)大鼠大腦皮層和海馬神經(jīng)元中Calponin3和ROCK2的分布造模成功后7 d取材制備石蠟切片。石蠟切片經(jīng)過常規(guī)二甲苯脫蠟、下行梯度酒精和水化;10%胃蛋白酶37℃抗原修復(fù)10 min,取出后室溫放置10 min,PBS洗5 min×3次;5%小牛血清白蛋白組分Ⅵ室溫封閉30 min;加入1∶100稀釋的一抗(分別為兔抗ROCK2和兔抗Calponin3)4℃過夜,PBS洗5 min×3次;加入1∶100稀釋的二抗Alex 488-羊抗兔,37℃孵育1 h,PBS洗30 min×3次;水溶性封片劑封片,熒光顯微鏡下觀察大鼠海馬和大腦皮層神經(jīng)元中Calponin3和ROCK2的分布。
1.5Western blotting法檢測(cè)大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3、ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平分別在造模成功后1、2、3和7 d取大鼠海馬組織,利用蛋白質(zhì)提取試劑盒提取總蛋白,BCA試劑盒進(jìn)行蛋白質(zhì)定量,取等量蛋白樣品進(jìn)行SDS電泳。恒壓條件下將蛋白轉(zhuǎn)至PVDF膜,10%脫脂奶粉封閉4 h,1∶500稀釋的一抗(兔抗Calponin3、兔抗ROCK2、兔抗磷酸化ROCK2和鼠抗GAPDH)4℃孵育過夜,PBS洗10 min×3次,1∶1 000稀釋的二抗孵育2 h,PBS洗10 min×3次,加入ECL反應(yīng)液避光孵育5 min,ECL成像系統(tǒng)成像。用Image J 軟件分析Western blotting結(jié)果, GAPDH吸光度(A)值為內(nèi)參,對(duì)目的蛋白進(jìn)行半定量分析,蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平=目的蛋白A值/內(nèi)參蛋白A值。
2.1大鼠大腦海馬中分子層的F-actin表達(dá)癲癇組大鼠海馬組織CA1和CA3區(qū)中分子層的F-actin的熒光強(qiáng)度較對(duì)照組明顯降低(P<0.05),而且F-actin點(diǎn)狀聚集結(jié)構(gòu)消失,見圖1(插頁四)和表1。
2.2大鼠大腦皮層和海馬神經(jīng)元中Calponin3和ROCK2的分布對(duì)照組大鼠:Calponin3彌散分布于神經(jīng)元細(xì)胞核周圍和樹突的胞質(zhì)中,在樹突周圍呈不連續(xù)點(diǎn)狀分布,樹突輪廓模糊;海馬CA1區(qū)神經(jīng)元胞體僅有少量樹突內(nèi)可見ROCK2分布。癲癇組大鼠:Calponin3在神經(jīng)元胞體和樹突中分布明顯減少,主要聚集于神經(jīng)元胞體周邊和樹突周圍,在樹突周圍呈連續(xù)的點(diǎn)狀分布,樹突輪廓清晰。Calponin3在海馬CA1區(qū)神經(jīng)元中的分布與大腦皮層相似,但由于海馬CA1區(qū)神經(jīng)元胞體相對(duì)較小,Calponin3在胞質(zhì)中的分布變化不如大腦皮層神經(jīng)元明顯。CA1區(qū)神經(jīng)元胞體和大量樹突中均有ROCK2分布,故細(xì)胞邊界、細(xì)胞核和樹突的輪廓清晰。在大腦皮層神經(jīng)元中ROCK2的分布與在海馬CA1區(qū)相似,但是在樹突中的分布變化不如CA1區(qū)明顯(圖2,見插頁四)。
2.3大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3、ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2蛋白的相對(duì)表達(dá)水平癲癇組大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3蛋白表達(dá)水平顯著低于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),但隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)逐漸增加趨近正常水平。造模后2 d內(nèi)癲癇組大鼠海馬組織中ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平并未明顯增加,從第3天至第7天癲癇組大鼠海馬組織中ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平明顯高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05);而磷酸化ROCK2蛋白相對(duì)水平從造模后第1天至第7天一直顯著高于對(duì)照組(P<0.05),且隨時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì)。見圖3和表2。
表1各組大鼠大腦海馬組織分子層中F-actin的熒光強(qiáng)度
GroupnFluorescenceintensityofF-actinCA1CA3Control652.766±3.19755.842±3.370Epilepsy2430.992±3.143*31.634±6.588*
*P<0.05vscontrol group.
Lane 1:Control group; Lane 2-5: Epilepsy group(1-7 d after modeling).
圖3各組大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3、ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2蛋白表達(dá)電泳圖
Fig.3Electrophoregram of expressions of Calponin3,ROCK2,and phosphorylated ROCK2 proteins in hippocampus tissue of rats in various groups
表2各組大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3、ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2的蛋白相對(duì)表達(dá)水平
GroupCalponin3ROCK2PhosphorylatedROCK2Control1.080±0.0940.614±0.0450.511±0.023Epilepsy 1d0.382±0.035*0.632±0.0320.797±0.034* 2d0.638±0.049*0.634±0.0370.601±0.012* 3d0.854±0.075*0.813±0.024*0.594±0.052* 7d0.836±0.064*0.852±0.039*0.550±0.013*
*P<0.05vscontrol group.
本研究利用PTZ誘導(dǎo)大鼠癲癇急性發(fā)作模型,檢測(cè)了大鼠大腦神經(jīng)元中F-actin、Calponin3和ROCK2的分布和蛋白表達(dá)水平,探討了癲癇急性發(fā)作時(shí)阻斷F-actin異常解聚、觸發(fā)F-actin重構(gòu)的可能調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制。由于Phalloidin能透過醛類固定劑處理的細(xì)胞膜,可特異、高親和力結(jié)合各種長(zhǎng)度的F-actin,而不與肌動(dòng)蛋白(actin)單體分子發(fā)生反應(yīng),所以本研究用Alexa Flour 488-Phalloidin熒光標(biāo)記法檢測(cè)海馬組織中F-actin的分布。大鼠神經(jīng)元中細(xì)胞骨架F-actin主要分布在樹突棘中,而大腦海馬CA1和CA3區(qū)神經(jīng)元密集,其內(nèi)分子層為樹突棘富集區(qū)。本研究結(jié)果顯示:對(duì)照組大鼠神經(jīng)元可見F-actin聚集呈點(diǎn)狀,熒光強(qiáng)度較強(qiáng);而癲癇急性發(fā)作可導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)元樹突棘的數(shù)量減少,故癲癇組大鼠該區(qū)域的F-actin熒光強(qiáng)度低,F(xiàn)-actin的點(diǎn)狀聚集消失,提示癲癇急性發(fā)作可導(dǎo)致F-actin異常解聚,而F-actin的持續(xù)異常解聚導(dǎo)致神經(jīng)元樹突棘的結(jié)構(gòu)改變或數(shù)量減少。但是在動(dòng)物模型中,癲癇急性發(fā)作后很快進(jìn)入靜止期,也稱為樹突棘重構(gòu)期,為1~2周[4],因此,本課題組設(shè)想在癲癇急性發(fā)作后神經(jīng)元中可能存在阻斷F-actin異常解聚或觸發(fā)F-actin重構(gòu)的反饋性機(jī)制。
由于F-actin的結(jié)構(gòu)和聚合狀態(tài)受actin結(jié)合蛋白調(diào)節(jié)。其中,Calponin 3蛋白在中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中,尤其是海馬錐體細(xì)胞中表達(dá)異常豐富,與F-actin特異性地共定位于樹突棘[12-13]。Calponin3能夠識(shí)別并結(jié)合F-actin,防止F-actin降解,促進(jìn)F-actin延伸[13]。因此,Calponin3是與癲癇有密切關(guān)聯(lián)的actin結(jié)合蛋白。本研究從蛋白質(zhì)水平和形態(tài)學(xué)水平分析了大鼠癲癇急性發(fā)作后Calponin3的變化,Western blotting結(jié)果顯示:癲癇發(fā)作后各時(shí)間點(diǎn)大鼠海馬組織中Calponin3表達(dá)水平均顯著低于對(duì)照組,但隨時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)逐漸趨近正常水平,提示癲癇急性發(fā)作時(shí)F-actin異常解聚與Calponin3分離,大量游離的Calponin3進(jìn)入胞質(zhì)中并快速降解;但是隨著外界刺激因素的消失,Calponin3的表達(dá)水平又逐漸上調(diào),結(jié)合并穩(wěn)定F-actin的結(jié)構(gòu),促進(jìn)F-actin延伸,從而阻斷F-actin的持續(xù)異常解聚,觸發(fā)F-actin的重構(gòu)。本研究中免疫熒光染色結(jié)果顯示:癲癇急性發(fā)作后7 d,Calponin3從神經(jīng)元核周胞質(zhì)移位到細(xì)胞皮質(zhì)。有研究[14]證實(shí):磷酸化的Calponin3可從胞質(zhì)易位到細(xì)胞皮質(zhì),而Calponin3磷酸化是其結(jié)合F-actin所必須的,因此本研究結(jié)果進(jìn)一步驗(yàn)證了Calponin3參與癲癇急性發(fā)作后參與F-actin重構(gòu)的推測(cè)。
為了驗(yàn)證癲癇急性發(fā)作后神經(jīng)元中的Calponin3通過磷酸化調(diào)節(jié)F-actin重構(gòu),本研究還檢測(cè)了海馬神經(jīng)元RhoA/ROCK2信號(hào)途徑中ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2蛋白表達(dá)水平。ROCK2只有被上游的RhoA激活為磷酸化ROCK2才能發(fā)揮催化底物磷酸化的作用[15-16]。本研究結(jié)果顯示:癲癇急性發(fā)作后大鼠海馬神經(jīng)元中ROCK2表達(dá)水平隨著時(shí)間呈現(xiàn)遞增趨勢(shì),但是只有急性發(fā)作后3和7 d時(shí)ROCK2表達(dá)水平才顯著高于對(duì)照組;而癲癇急性發(fā)作后各時(shí)間點(diǎn)的磷酸化ROCK2表達(dá)水平一直顯著高于對(duì)照組,但是隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng)呈現(xiàn)遞減趨勢(shì)。ROCK2和磷酸化ROCK2的表達(dá)模式差異提示了癲癇急性發(fā)作可激活RhoA/ROCK2途徑,首先促進(jìn)神經(jīng)細(xì)胞中ROCK2磷酸化,隨后上調(diào)細(xì)胞中ROCK2的表達(dá)水平。由于活化的RhoA/ROCK2復(fù)合可從細(xì)胞溶質(zhì)轉(zhuǎn)移到細(xì)胞膜[15-16],本文作者推測(cè):在癲癇急性發(fā)作后活化的ROCK2激酶結(jié)構(gòu)域與底物Calponin3相互作用,催化其磷酸化并發(fā)生質(zhì)膜易位,故而神經(jīng)元核周胞質(zhì)中Calponin3分布明顯減少;隨著時(shí)間延長(zhǎng),Calponin3表達(dá)增加,F(xiàn)-actin解聚減少;F-actin的延伸和重構(gòu)增加,可能通過負(fù)反饋調(diào)節(jié),使得磷酸化ROCK2表達(dá)水平逐漸下降。
綜上所述,本文作者認(rèn)為:激活RhoA/ROCK2途徑依賴的Calponin3磷酸化是癲癇急性發(fā)作后阻斷F-actin異常解聚、觸發(fā)F-actin重構(gòu)的可能機(jī)制。
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Expressions of F-actin,Calponin3,and ROCK2 in cerebral neurons of rats with acute epileptic seizure induced by PTZ
CHENG Chunxu1,2,LI Shulei3,GU Xiaoyun3,HUANG Kexin4,LI Yanchao3, ZHANG Shuyan5,YANG Libin1
(1.Department of Pediatrics,First Hospital,Jiliin University,Changchun 130021,China 2.Department of Infection,Infectious Disease Hospital,Jilin Province,Changchun 130123,China; 3. Department of Histology and Embryology,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China; 4. Center for Biological Experiment,School of Basic Medical Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China; 5.Department of Neurosurgery,First Hospital,Jiliin University,Changchun 130021,China)
ObjectiveTo disscuss the effect of the acute epileptic seizure induced by pentetrazol (PTZ) on the expressions of F-actin,Calponin3,and ROCK2 in the cerebral neurons of the rats,and to illuminate the possible mechanism of preventing the F-actin from abnormal depolymerization and triggering the rearrangement of F-actin.Methods56 immature rats aged 3 weeks were divided into control (n=6) and epilepsy (n=50) groups. The rats in control group were injected with physiological saline introperitoneally.The rats in epilepsy group were introperitoneally injected with 60 mg·kg-1PTZ to establish the acute epileptic seizure models.And 6 rats from successful acute epileptic seizure models were sacrificed at different time points (1,2,3,and 7 d) after modeling.The fluorescence intensity of F-actin in the internal molecular layer of hippocampus of the rats was observed by phalloidine staining labeled by Alex-488; the distributions of Calponin3 and ROCK2 in the cerebral neurons in the pallium and hippocampus of the rats were detected by immunofluorescence method; the relative expression levels of Calponin3,ROCK2,and phosphorylated ROCK2 were analyzed by Western blotting method.ResultsCompared with control group,the fluorescence intensity of F-actin in the hippocampal internal molecular layer of the rats in epilepsy group was decreased (P<0.05),and the dot-shaped aggregation of F-actin was disappeared 1 d after modeling.The immunofluorescence results showed that Calponin3 dispersed in the cytoplasm of the neurons of the rats in control group;however,it aggregated in the cell cortex of the neurons 7 d after modeling in epilepsy group.ROCK2 was located in a small amount of neuritis of the rats in control group,whereas a great quantity of ROCK2 was found in both of the cell body and neuritis in epilepsy group 7 d after modeling.The Western blotting results showed that the relative expression levels of Calponin3 protein in the epilepsy group were markedly decreased at different time points after modeling compared with control group (P<0.05);however,it was increased gradually with the prolongation of time and closed to the level in control group within 1 week.The relative expression levels of ROCK2 protein in the hippocampus of the rats in epilepsy group began to increase steadily from 3 to 7 d after modeling compared with control group (P<0.05);however,the relative expression levels of phosphorylated ROCK2 protein in epilepsy group were increased sustainably from 1 to 7 d after modeling compared with control group (P<0.05),and were decreased gradually in a time-dependent manner.ConclusionThe acute epileptic seizure of the immature rats induced by PTZ not only leads to the abnormal depolymerization of F-actin,but also actives the RhoA/ROCK2 signal pathway simultaneously and up-regulates the expression levels of ROCK2 and Calponin3 proteins.
epilepsy; pentetrazol; filiment-actin;Calponin3;ROCK2
1671-587Ⅹ(2015)02-0299-05
10.13481/j.1671-587x.20150218
2014-06-17
吉林省科技廳自然科學(xué)基金資助課題(20130101138JC);吉林大學(xué)白求恩醫(yī)學(xué)部青年科研基金資助課題(2069)
程春旭(1975-),女,吉林省長(zhǎng)春市人,副主任醫(yī)師,在讀醫(yī)學(xué)碩士,主要從事神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)疾病方面的研究。
張舒巖,副教授(Tel:0431-81875891,E-mail:syzh27@yahoo.com.cn);
楊立彬,副教授,碩士研究生導(dǎo)師(Tel:0431-88782412, E-mail:yanglibin19681126@tom.com)
R742.1
A
吉林大學(xué)學(xué)報(bào)(醫(yī)學(xué)版)2015年2期