李宇 丁磊磊 許文良** 王楓 唐杰 趙碩 王子進
LI Yu1,DING LeiLei2,XU WenLiang1**,WANG Feng1,TANG Jie1,ZHAO Shuo1 and WANG ZiJin1
1. 吉林大學地球科學學院,長春 130061
2. 中國科學院地質(zhì)與地球物理研究所,北京 100029
1. College of Earth Sciences,Jilin University,Changchun 130061,China
2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China
2014-05-02 收稿,2014-10-29 改回.
東北地區(qū)位于中亞造山帶的東段,在古生代期間,該區(qū)以多個微陸塊(自西向東包括額爾古納地塊、興安地塊、松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊、佳木斯地塊和興凱地塊)之間的拼合和古生代晚期-中生代早期古亞洲洋的最終閉合為特征(李錦軼等,1999;Wu et al.,2002,2007,2011;Li,2006;Xu et al.,2009;Meng et al.,2010;Wang et al.,2012a,b;Cao et al.,2013;Li et al.,2014)。中生代期間,東北地區(qū)經(jīng)歷了環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系和蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系的疊加與改造(葛文春等,2001;孟恩等,2011;Yu et al.,2012;Xu et al.,2013;徐美君等,2013;Sun et al.,2013;Dong et al.,2014;Tang et al.,2014)。當前,有關東北地區(qū)花崗質(zhì)巖石和火山巖的年代學與地球化學的研究,已經(jīng)揭示了古亞洲洋構(gòu)造體系和環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系影響的時間尺度和空間范圍(Li,2006;許文良等,2008,2013;Meng et al.,2011;Wu et al.,2011;Xu et al.,2013),相比之下,對蒙古-鄂霍茨克縫合帶的演化歷史以及該縫合帶對中國東北乃至華北影響的時空范圍討論很少。近年來的研究表明,蒙古鄂霍茨克洋向北俯沖的同時(Reichow et al.,2010;Donskaya et al.,2013),也存在向南東方向的俯沖作用(Orolmaa et al.,2008;佘宏全等,2012;Xu et al.,2013;Sun et al.,2013;Tang et al.,2014)。然而,蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋對中國境內(nèi)的俯沖作用何時結(jié)束?東北地區(qū)中生代花崗巖尤其位于小興安嶺西北部中生代的花崗巖,其形成是與環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系有關?還是與蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系有關?這些問題都沒有得到解決。鑒于此,本文對興安地塊與松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊結(jié)合部位的白云母花崗巖進行了年代學與地球化學研究,討論了白云母花崗巖的形成時代、巖石成因及其形成的構(gòu)造背景,這對認識東北地區(qū)中生代的構(gòu)造屬性與演化歷史具有重要意義。
圖1 研究區(qū)地質(zhì)簡圖(a,據(jù)Wu et al.,2007 修改)Fig.1 Geological sketch map of the studied area (a,modified after Wu et al.,2007)
表1 孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖鋯石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年數(shù)據(jù)Table 1 LA-ICP-MS zircon U-Pb dating results for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in Sunwu area
圖2 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的鏡下顯微照片Af-堿性長石;Mus-白云母;Pl-斜長石;Q-石英Fig.2 Photomicrographs of the Middle Jurassic muscovite graniteAf-Alkali feldspar;Mus-muscovite;Pl-plagiocalse;Q-quartz
研究區(qū)位于黑龍江省孫吳地區(qū),大地構(gòu)造位置位于賀根山-黑河縫合帶以東的松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊上。研究區(qū)出露有古生代、中生代及新生代地層(圖1)。其中古生界主要為石炭系;中生界主要為侏羅系和白堊系;新生界包括有古近紀和新近紀以及第四系。研究區(qū)花崗巖分布廣泛,大體呈NNW 向展布,侵入到石炭紀地層當中,并被白堊系覆蓋。此外,研究區(qū)內(nèi)發(fā)育有多條NNE 以及NW 向斷裂。前人根據(jù)巖體與地層之間的侵入關系和少量的K-Ar 同位素年齡數(shù)據(jù)將研究區(qū)內(nèi)的花崗質(zhì)巖石主體(包括本文研究巖體)劃歸為華力西期(黑龍江省地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)局,1993,1997)。然而,近年來,最新年代學研究結(jié)果顯示,研究區(qū)除少量晚古生代花崗巖(主要是二疊紀花崗巖)之外,主體屬于中生代花崗巖(Wu et al.,2011)。依據(jù)該區(qū)中生代巖漿事件的研究成果(Wang et al.,2006;Zhang et al.,2008,2010;Xu et al.,2013;Wu et al.,2011),該區(qū)中生代經(jīng)歷了多期構(gòu)造巖漿熱事件的改造,本文研究的白云母花崗巖也經(jīng)歷了晚期構(gòu)造事件的改造,該白云母花崗巖中的斜長石變形明顯,同時白云母具有定向特征,礦物粒間具有擠壓破碎現(xiàn)象(圖2)。
本文研究的白云母花崗巖采樣地點位于黑龍江孫吳縣西崗子鎮(zhèn)采石場(經(jīng)緯度為127°19′40.9″E,49°59′16.2″N)(圖1),其巖相學特征如下:
樣品12HSW5:白云母二長花崗巖,新鮮面灰白色,中細?;◢徑Y(jié)構(gòu),塊狀構(gòu)造。主要組成礦物有石英(25%,0.2 ~0.5mm)、斜長石(31%,0.5 ~1.2mm)、堿性長石(35%,0.5~2.5mm)以及白云母(7%,0.1 ~0.2mm),副礦物為鋯石,磷灰石和磁鐵礦(2%)(圖2)。
本文樣品在河北省廊坊物探勘察院采用常規(guī)方法進行粉碎,并用電磁選方法進行分選,然后在雙目鏡下挑選出晶形和透明度較好,無裂痕和包裹體的鋯石顆粒,并將鋯石粘貼在環(huán)氧樹脂表面,打磨拋光后使得鋯石中心部位暴露出來,然后對其進行透射光、反射光和陰極發(fā)光(CL)圖像的采集。鋯石的制靶和顯微圖像的采集均在西北大學大陸動力學國家重點實驗室完成。鋯石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 同位素分析在中國地質(zhì)大學(武漢)地質(zhì)過程與礦產(chǎn)資源國家重點實驗室的Agilent 7500a ICP-MS 儀器上用標準測定程序進行。試驗中采用高純He 作為剝蝕物質(zhì)載氣,用美國國家標準技術研究院研制的人工合成硅酸鹽玻璃標準參考物質(zhì)NIST SRM610 進行儀器最佳化,樣品測定時用哈佛大學標準鋯石91500 作為外部校正,以保證標準和樣品的儀器條件完全一致。本次實驗采用的激光束斑直徑為32μm,詳細實驗步驟和數(shù)據(jù)處理方法見參考文獻(Liu et al.,2008,2010a,b)。測試結(jié)果的處理采用軟件ICPMSDataCal(Liu et al.,2008,2010a)完成,普通Pb 校正采用Andersen(2002)方法,年齡計算跟諧和圖的繪制均采用國際標準程序Isoplot (ver3.0)(Ludwig,2003)完成,給定的同位素比值和年齡誤差均在lσ水平。本文樣品鋯石的LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 分析結(jié)果見表1。
表2 孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖主量元素(%)與微量元素(×10 -6)分析結(jié)果Table 2 Major (%)and trace elements (×10 -6)compositions for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in Sunwu area
采集的樣品首先經(jīng)過薄片顯微鏡下鑒定,然后選擇最新鮮的樣品用于地球化學分析,樣品的粉碎加工均在無污染設備中進行。主量元素以及痕量元素分析在中國地質(zhì)大學(武漢)地質(zhì)過程與礦產(chǎn)資源國家重點實驗室完成。主量元素采用玻璃熔片大型X 射線熒光光譜法(XRF)分析,元素分析的重現(xiàn)性(準確度)優(yōu)于3%;痕量元素的分析利用Agilent 7500a ICP-MS 完成。詳細的樣品消解處理過程、分析精密度和準確度同Liu et al. (2008)。本文白云母花崗巖樣品的主要元素和痕量元素的分析結(jié)果見表2。
在LA-ICP-MS 鋯石U-Pb 定年的基礎上,參照鋯石陰極發(fā)光(CL)圖像對本文所采樣品進行了鋯石微區(qū)Hf 同位素測定工作。鋯石原位Lu-Hf 同位素分析在中國科學院地質(zhì)與地球物理研究所配有193nm 激光取樣系統(tǒng)的Neptune 多接收電感耦合等離子體質(zhì)譜儀(LA-ICP-MS)上進行,激光束斑直徑為44μm,激光脈沖寬度為15ns,試驗中采用He 氣作為剝蝕物質(zhì)載氣。采用Mud Tank 標樣,詳細的測試過程見Xu et al. (2004)詳細測試流程以及儀器運行條件等參見Wu et al. (2006)。測定時用國際標樣91500 作外標,所用的激光脈沖速率為6 ~8Hz,激光光束脈沖能量為100mJ。本文白云母花崗巖樣品的Lu-Hf 同位素數(shù)據(jù)見表3。
本文對孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖(HSW7-2)樣品進行了LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 定年,分析結(jié)果見表1 和圖3。孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖(HSW7-2)中的鋯石為自形晶或半自形晶,核邊結(jié)構(gòu)明顯,生長振蕩環(huán)帶發(fā)育(圖3),Th/U 比值介于0.24 ~1.55 之間(表1),暗示其巖漿成因(Koschek,1993)。
表3 孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖鋯石Lu-Hf 同位素分析結(jié)果Table 3 Zircon Lu-Hf isotopic data for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in Sunwu area
圖3 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖部分測定鋯石的CL 圖像Fig.3 CL images of the selected zircons from the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study area
所測定的22 個測點的206Pb/238U 年齡值介于164 ±1Ma~172 ±2Ma 之間(表1),其加權(quán)平均年齡為168 ±1Ma(圖4),代表了白云母花崗巖的形成時代,為中侏羅世。
圖4 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖鋯石U-Pb 年齡諧和圖Fig. 4 Zircon U-Pb concordia diagrams for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study area
孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖的主量元素和痕量元素分析結(jié)果見表2。
4.2.1 主量元素
孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖的SiO2=74.61% ~80.16%、Al2O3= 10.59% ~13.90%、(Na2O + K2O)= 6.81% ~9.73%、MgO =0.08% ~0.38%、Fe2O3= 0.11% ~0.30%。從(K2O + Na2O)-SiO2(圖5a;Irvine and Baragar,1971)和K2O-SiO2(圖5b;Peccerillo and Taylor,1976)以及A/CNKA/NK(圖6;Maniar and Piccoli,1989)變異圖解中,可以看出白云母花崗巖屬于高鉀鈣堿性、準鋁質(zhì)-過鋁質(zhì)系列(A/CNK=0.97 ~1.13)。
圖5 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖SiO2-(Na2O+K2O)(a,據(jù)Irvine and Baragar,1971;Rickwood,1989)和SiO2-K2O 圖解(b,據(jù)Peccerillo and Taylor,1976)圖中部分數(shù)據(jù)引自文獻曾濤等,2011;李仰春等,2013Fig.5 Plot of total alkali vs. SiO2(TAS)(a,after Irvine and Baragar,1971;Rickwood,1989)and plot of SiO2 vs. K2O (b,after Peccerillo and Taylor,1976)for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study areaPart of the data are from Zeng et al.,2011;Li et al.,2013
圖6 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的A/CNK-A/NK圖解(據(jù)Maniar and Piccoli,1989)Fig.6 Plot of A/CNK vs. A/NK for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study (after Maniar and Piccoli,1989)
4.2.2 痕量元素
白云母花崗巖的稀土元素含量總體含量較低,∑REE 介于24.05 ×10-6~36.71 ×10-6之間。球粒隕石標準化曲線(圖7a)呈右傾型,輕稀土元素相對富集,重稀土元素相對虧損(∑LREE/∑HREE = 4.21 ~5.25,(La/Yb)N= 3.74 ~4.92),主體具有弱的Eu 的負異常,個別具有Eu 的正異常(δEu=0.66 ~1.21)。原始地幔標準化的蛛網(wǎng)圖(圖7b)上顯示,白云母花崗巖富集Ba、Rb、K 等大離子親石元素,虧損高場強元素Ti。
在LA-ICP-MS 鋯石U-Pb 定年的基礎上,對白云母花崗巖樣品進行了鋯石原位微區(qū)Lu-Hf 同位素分析,分析結(jié)果見表3。
白云母花崗巖(HSW7-2)中代表其形成時代鋯石(168Ma)的176Hf/177Hf 比值介于0.28288 ~0.283000 之間,其εHf(t)值介于+7.5 ~+11.7 之間(表3、圖8)。Hf 同位素單階段模式年齡(tDM1)和二階段模式年齡(tDM2)分別變化于361 ~533Ma 和595 ~966Ma 之間。孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖的εHf(t)值位于興蒙造山帶東段εHf(t)值的分布范圍內(nèi)(圖8),而與華北克拉通北緣燕山褶皺帶的εHf(t)值明顯不同(Yang et al.,2006)。
前人對研究區(qū)內(nèi)花崗巖的測年主要通過K-Ar 法,將本區(qū)的花崗巖簡單的劃分為華力西期和燕山期,詳細的鋯石年代學資料極少。由于K-Ar 體系具有較低的封閉溫度,并且該區(qū)經(jīng)歷了多期晚期巖漿構(gòu)造熱事件的改造。因此,K-Ar年齡不能準確反映巖漿的侵位結(jié)晶年齡。通過白云母花崗巖的鋯石CL 圖像(圖3)可以清楚地看出鋯石具有典型的巖漿振蕩生長環(huán)帶,結(jié)合其較高的Th/U 比值(0.24 ~1.55),說明它們均是巖漿結(jié)晶作用的產(chǎn)物,所測定的年齡應代表了巖體的形成時代。鋯石U-Pb 定年結(jié)果顯示,研究區(qū)白云母花崗巖的形成時代為168Ma,為中侏羅世,而并不是前人所定的華力西期(黑龍江省地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)局,1993,1997)。
圖7 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的球粒隕石標準化稀土元素配分圖(a,標準化值據(jù)Boynton,1984)和原始地幔標準化微量元素蛛網(wǎng)圖(b,標準化值據(jù)Sun and McDonough,1989)圖中陰影部分的數(shù)據(jù)引自文獻武廣等,2008;曾濤等,2011;李仰春等,2013Fig.7 Chondrite-normalized REE patterns (a,normalization values after Boynton,1984)and primitive mantle-normalized trace element spider (b,normalization values after Sun and McDonough,1989)diagrams for the Early Jurassic intrusive rocksThe shadow areas are from Wu et al.,2008,Zeng et al.,2011;Li et al.,2013
圖8 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的鋯石εHf(t)-t 圖解(據(jù)Yang et al.,2006)Fig.8 Zircon Hf isotopic features for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study area (after Yang et al.,2006)
孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖形成于中侏羅世,這與研究區(qū)內(nèi)二云母花崗巖(Wu et al.,2011)、小興安嶺西北部新開嶺地區(qū)大平山二云母二長花崗巖體(171Ma)、新開嶺花崗巖體(164Ma)(曾濤等,2011)、大興安嶺北端的龍溝河、二十一站等埃達克質(zhì)巖體(武廣等,2008)、內(nèi)蒙古阿木古楞二長花崗巖(何付兵等,2013)以及雞冠山地區(qū)花崗閃長巖(李仰春等,2013)的形成時代一致,暗示研究區(qū)中侏羅世巖漿事件的存在。
孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖具有高硅、富鋁、富堿、貧鎂、貧鐵,富集大離子親石元素,貧高場強元素等特征,顯示其原始巖漿應為地殼物質(zhì)的部分熔融而成。白云母花崗巖顯示出微弱的Eu 負異常到正異常,明顯不同于幔源巖漿演化所形成的酸性巖石,后者具有強烈負Eu 異常特征(Rollison,2000)。白云母花崗巖重稀土元素含量較低暗示巖漿源區(qū)具有富集重稀土元素礦物(如石榴子石)的殘留,表明其原始巖漿應起源于加厚陸殼物質(zhì)的部分熔融。孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖中結(jié)晶鋯石的εHf(t)值均為正值(+7.5 ~+11.7),Hf同位素二階段模式年齡(595 ~966Ma)為新元古代,表明研究區(qū)白云母花崗巖的原始巖漿起源于新增生的加厚陸殼物質(zhì)的部分熔融。
在巖石化學上,本文研究的白云母花崗巖并不具有典型S 型花崗巖的地球化學屬性,這種特征可能與東北地區(qū)的地殼屬性有關——即東北地區(qū)主要是古生代的造山帶,僅有少量古老陸殼物質(zhì)(主體為新元古代)的存留(Tang et al.,2013;Wang et al.,2014),其整體陸殼成熟度較低,具有這種性質(zhì)的地殼物質(zhì)部分熔融的熔體很難達到富鋁的地球化學屬性,因此,僅從花崗巖的成因類型很難判定其形成的構(gòu)造環(huán)境。然而,孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖重稀土元素含量較低,暗示巖漿源區(qū)有石榴子石的殘留,結(jié)合特征富鋁礦物白云母的存在,表明白云母花崗巖應是加厚陸殼物質(zhì)部分熔融的產(chǎn)物(Pearce et al.,1990;Harris et al.,1986;Barbarin,1999),暗示該區(qū)白云母花崗巖形成一種陸殼加厚或陸-陸碰撞環(huán)境,這與R1-R2 判別圖解(圖9)所揭示的研究樣品主要位于同碰撞花崗巖成因區(qū)的結(jié)果相吻合。此外,位于研究區(qū)同時代的二云母花崗巖(Wu et al.,2011)、大平山二云母二長花崗巖(171Ma)、新開嶺花崗巖體(164Ma)(曾濤等,2011)、大興安嶺北端的龍溝河、二十一站等埃達克質(zhì)巖體(武廣等,2008)、內(nèi)蒙古阿木古楞二長花崗巖(何付兵等,2013)的地球化學特征均顯示adakitic 巖石的地球化學屬性,這揭示在中侏羅世期間小興安嶺西北部曾發(fā)生過一次重要的陸殼加厚事件。
圖9 研究區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的R1-R2 構(gòu)造判別圖解(據(jù)Batchelor and Bowden,1985)圖中陰影部分的數(shù)據(jù)引自文獻武廣等,2008;曾濤等,2011;李仰春等,2013Fig. 9 R1-R2 tectonic discrimination diagram for the Middle Jurassic muscovite granites in the study area (after Batchelor and Bowden,1985)The shadow area is from Wu et al.,2008,Zeng et al.,2011;Li et al.,2013
研究區(qū)位于興安地塊與松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊的結(jié)合部位,鑒于興安地塊與松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊在早石炭末期發(fā)生碰撞拼合(趙芝等,2010;崔芳華等,2013;Li et al.,2014)和古亞洲洋在古生代晚期-中生代早期完成了最終的閉合(孫德有等,2004;Li,2006;李錦軼等,2007;Cao et al.,2013),研究區(qū)中侏羅世陸殼加厚事件應與蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系或/和環(huán)太平洋體系相聯(lián)系,究竟是哪種構(gòu)造體系的影響,這可從中生代火成巖的時空變異中得到回答。
首先,從時間上看,孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖的形成時代為中侏羅世,其形成與蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系有關,與環(huán)太平洋體系無關。證據(jù)如下:(1)在額爾古納-根河地區(qū)發(fā)現(xiàn)了一套早侏羅世玄武巖-玄武安山巖鈣堿性火山巖組合(Zhang et al.,2008;Xu et al.,2013),該套火山巖組合反映了活動陸緣的構(gòu)造背景,代表了蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋向南俯沖作用的發(fā)生;此外,烏奴格吐山大型斑巖銅鉬礦床、八大關中型斑巖銅鉬礦床以及太平川小型斑巖銅鉬礦床的形成均被認為與蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋向南俯沖作用有關(Chen et al.,2011;Li et al.,2012);(2)在滿洲里額爾古納地區(qū)形成了年齡在166 ~158Ma 晚侏羅世的火山巖組合(Wang et al.,2006;Zhang et al.,2008;孟恩等,2011;Xu et al.,2013),是與蒙古鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造帶有關的加厚陸殼坍塌階段或拆沉階段的產(chǎn)物;(3)在中侏羅世,歐亞大陸東側(cè)處于拉張海盆的構(gòu)造環(huán)境(趙海玲等,1996;程瑞玉等,2006),吉黑東部尚未發(fā)現(xiàn)165 ~140Ma 的火山巖(許文良等,2013)。綜合上述特征,可以判定孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的形成與蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系演化有關,與環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系無關。
其次,從空間上看,研究區(qū)位于興安地塊與松嫩-張廣才嶺地塊的結(jié)合部位。前人研究認為環(huán)太平構(gòu)造體系中生代對東北亞大陸影響的空間范圍主要在松遼盆地及以東地區(qū);而蒙古-鄂霍茨克構(gòu)造體系影響的空間范圍主要在松遼盆地以西以及華北地塊北緣(趙越等,1994,2006;許文良等,2013)。此外,對大興安嶺與小興安嶺西北部銜接地區(qū)變質(zhì)雜巖(包括新開嶺群、風水溝河群等)的鋯石U-Pb 年代學研究表明,它們經(jīng)歷了160 ~170Ma 變質(zhì)作用的改造,并認為該期變質(zhì)作用與蒙古-鄂霍茨克縫合帶的閉合有關(Miao et al.,2014);在冀北-遼西地區(qū),廣泛存在一個區(qū)域性的地層不整合—即在海房溝組之下存在一個區(qū)域性的自北向南的逆沖構(gòu)造,其逆沖推覆時間在170Ma 左右(Zhang et al.,2011),表明了中侏羅世陸殼加厚事件的存在(趙越等,1994,2004;Gao et al.,2004;劉健等,2006;Yang and Li,2008)。綜合上述特征可以判定,在中侏羅世期間,從小興安嶺西北部至冀北-遼西地區(qū)存在了一次重要的陸殼加厚與逆沖推覆事件,其推覆方向與蒙古-鄂霍茨克縫合帶的閉合有關。
綜上所述,孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的形成應與蒙古-鄂霍茨克縫合帶閉合過程中的陸-陸碰撞環(huán)境有關,而與環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系無關。白云母花崗巖的形成時代(168Ma)限定了蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋在額爾古納地塊西北部的閉合時間應為中侏羅世。
通過對孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的鋯石U-Pb 年代學、巖石地球化學以及Hf 同位素分析,結(jié)合區(qū)域構(gòu)造演化歷史,可以得出如下結(jié)論:
(1)孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗巖的鋯石U-Pb 定年結(jié)果顯示:其形成于中侏羅世(~168Ma),并不是前人厘定的華力西期。
(2)孫吳地區(qū)白云母花崗的原始巖漿起源于新增生的加厚陸殼物質(zhì)的部分熔融。
(3)孫吳地區(qū)中侏羅世白云母花崗巖的形成與蒙古-鄂霍茨克縫合帶閉合過程中的陸-陸碰撞有關,與環(huán)太平洋構(gòu)造體系無關。蒙古-鄂霍茨克洋在額爾古納地塊西北部的閉合時間為中侏羅世。
致謝 感謝河北省廊坊物探勘察院在鋯石的分選過程中給予的幫助;同時感謝中國地質(zhì)大學(武漢)地質(zhì)過程與礦產(chǎn)資源國家重點實驗室以及中國科學院地質(zhì)與地球物理研究所在鋯石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 分析以及主量元素、微量元素及Hf 同位素測試過程中給予的大力幫助。
Andersen T. 2002. Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report204Pb. Chemical Geology,192(1 -2):59 -79
Barbarin B. 1999. A review of the relationships between granitoid types,their origins and their geodynamic environments. Lithos,46(3):605 -626
Batchelor RA and Bowden P. 1985. Petrogenetic interpretation of granitoid rock series using multicationic parameters. Chemical Geology,48(1 -4):43 -55
Boynton WV. 1984. Geochemistry of the rare earth elements:Meteorite studies. In: Henderson P (ed.). Rare Earth Element Geochemistry. Amsterdam:Elsevier,63 -114
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Heilongjiang Province.1993. Regional Geology of Heilongjiang Province. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1 - 734 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Heilongjiang Province.1997. Rock Strata in Heilongjiang Province. Wuhan: China University of Geosciences Press,1 -298 (in Chinese)
Cao HH,Xu WL,Pei FP,Wang ZW,Wang F and Wang ZJ. 2013.Zircon U-Pb geochronology and petrogenesis of the Late Paleozoic-Early Mesozoic intrusive rocks in the eastern segment of the northern Margin of the North China Block. Lithos,170 -171:191 -207
Chen ZG,Zhang LC,Wan B,Wu HY and Cleven N. 2011.Geochronology and geochemistry of the Wunugetushan porphyry Cu-Mo deposit in NE China,and their geological significance. Ore Geology Reviews,43(1):92 -105
Cheng RY,Wu FY,Ge WC,Sun DY,Liu XM and Yang JH. 2006.Emplacement age of the Raohe complex in eastern Heilongjiang Province and the tectonic evolution of the eastern part of northeastern China. Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(2):353 -376 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Cui FH,Zheng CQ,Xu XC,Yao WG,Shi L,Li J and Xu JL. 2013.Late CarboniferousMagmatic activities in the Quanshenglinchang area,Great Xing’an Range: Constrains on the timing of amalgamation between Xing’an and Songnen massifs. Acta Geologica Sinica,87(9):1247 -1263 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Dong Y,Ge WC,Yang H,Zhao GC,Wang QH,Zhang YL and Su L.2014. Geochronology and geochemistry of Early Cretaceous volcanic rocks from the Baiyingaolao Formation in the central Great Xing′an Range,NE China,and its tectonic implications. Lithos,205:168-184
Donskaya TV,Gladkochub DP,Mazukabzov AM and Ivanov AV. 2013.Late Paleozoic-Mesozoic subduction-related magmatism at the southern margin of the Siberian continent and the 150 million-year history of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,62:79 -97
Gao S,Rudnick RL,Yuan HL,Liu XM,Liu YS,Xu WL,Ling WL,Ayers J,Wang XC and Wang QH. 2004. Recycling lower continental crust in the North China Craton. Nature,432(7019):892 -897
Ge WC,Li XH,Lin Q,Sun DY,Wu FY and Yin CX. 2001.Geochemistry of Early Cretaceous alkaline rhyolites from Hulun Lake,Daxing′anling and its tectonic implications. Chinese Journal of Geology,36(2):176 -183 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Harris NBW, Pearce JA and Tindle AG. 1986. Geochemical characteristics of collision-zone magmatism. Geological Society,London,Special Publications,19:67 -81
He FB,Xu JX,Gu XD,Cheng XB,Wei B,Li Z,Liang YN,Wang ZL and Huang Q. 2013. Ages,origin and geological implications of the Amuguleng composite granite in East Ujimqin Banner’ Inner Mongolia. Geological Review,59(6):1150 - 1164 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Irvine TN and Baragar WRA. 1971. A guide to the chemical classification of the common volcanic rocks. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences,8(5):523 -548
Koschek G. 1993. Origin and significance of the SEM cathodoluminescence from zircon. Journal of Microscopy,171(3):223 -232
Li JY,Niu BG,Song B et al. 1999. Crustal Formation and Evolution of Northern Changbai Mountains,Northeast China. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1 -137 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Li JY. 2006. Permian geodynamic setting of Northeast China and adjacent regions:Closure of the Paleo-Asian Ocean and subduction of the Paleo-Pacific Plate. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,26(3 -4):207 -224
Li JY,Gao LM,Sun GH,Li YP and Wang YB. 2007. Shuangjingzi Middle Triassic syn-collisional crust-derived granite in the east Inner Mongolia and its constraint on the timing of collision between Siberian and Sino-Korean paleo-plates. Acta Petrologica Sinica,23(3):565 -582 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Li N,Chen YJ,Ulrich T and Lai Y. 2012. Fluid inclusion study of the Wunugetu Cu-Mo deposit,Inner Mongolia,China. Mineralium Deposita,47(5):467 -482
Li Y,Xu WL,Wang F,Tang J,Pei FP and Wang ZJ. 2014.Geochronology and geochemistry of Late Paleozoic volcanic rocks on the western Margin of the Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range Massif,NE China:Implications for the amalgamation history of the Xing’an and Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range massifs. Lithos,205:394 -410
Li YC,Zhang KX,Wu GG,Xiao QH,Yang XP,Zhang D,Zhao HL,Han ZZ and Liu XG. 2013. Zircon U-Pb ages and causes of the Early-Middle Jurassic granites in the Da-Xiao Xing’anling Copula.Geological Bulletin of China,32(5):717 -729 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu J,Zhao Y and Liu XM. 2006. Age of the Tiaojishan Formation volcanics in the Chengde basin,northern Hebei Province. Acta Petrologica Sinica,22(11):2617 -2630 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Liu YS,Hu ZC,Gao S,Günther D,Xu J,Gao CG and Chen HH.2008. In situ analysis of Major and trace elements of anhydrous minerals by LA-ICP-MS without applying an internal standard.Chemical Geology,257(1 -2):34 -43
Liu YS,Gao S,Hu ZC,Gao CG,Zong KQ and Wang DB. 2010a.Continental and oceanic crust recycling-induced melt-peridotite interactions in the Trans-North China Orogen:U-Pb dating,Hf isotopes and trace elements in zircons from Mantle xenoliths. Journal of Petrology,51(1 -2):537 -571
Liu YS,Hu ZC,Zong KQ,Gao CG,Gao S,Xu J and Chen HH.2010b. Reappraisement and refinement of zircon U-Pb isotope and trace element analyses by LA-ICP-MS. Chinese Science Bulletin,55(15):5135 -1546
Ludwig KR. 2003. User’s Manual for ISOPLOT 3.0:A geochronological toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley: Berkeley Geochronology Centre,Special Publication,4:74
Maniar PD and Piccoli PM. 1989. Tectonic discrimination of granitoids.Geological Society of American Bulletin,101(5):635 -643
Meng E,Xu WL,Pei FP,Yang DB,Yu Y and Zhang XZ. 2010.Detrital-zircon geochronology of Late Paleozoic sedimentary rocks in eastern Heilongjiang Province,NE China:Implications for the tectonic evolution of the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt. Tectonophysics,485(1 -4):42 -51
Meng E,Xu WL,Pei FP,Yang DB,Wang F and Zhang XZ. 2011.Permian bimodal volcanism in the Zhangguangcai Range of eastern Heilongjiang Province,NE China:Zircon U-Pb-Hf isotopes and geochemical evidence. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,41(2):119-132
Meng E,Xu WL,Yang DB,Qiu KF,Li CH and Zhu HT. 2011. Zircon U-Pb chronology,geochemistry of Mesozoic volcanic rocks from the Lingquan basin inManzhouli area,and its tectonic implications. Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(4):1209 -1226 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Miao LC,Zhang FQ,Zhu MS and Liu DY. 2014. Zircon SHRIMP U-Pb dating of metamorphic complexes in the conjunction of the Greater and Lesser Xing’an Ranges,NE China:Timing of formation and metamorphism and tectonic implications. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,doi:10.1016/j.jseaes.2014.09.035
Orolmaa D,Erdenesaihan G,Borisenko AS,F(xiàn)edoseev GS,Babich VV and Zhmodik SM. 2008. Permian-Triassic granitoid magmatism and metallogeny of the Hangayn (central Mongolia). Russian Geology and Geophysics,49(7):534 -544
Pearce JA,Bender JF,De Long SE,Kidd WSF,Low PJ,Güner Y,Saroglu F,Yilmaz Y,Moorbath S and Mitchell JG. 1990. Genesis of collision volcanism in Eastern Anatolia,Turkey. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research,44(1 -2):189 -229
Peccerillo A and Taylor SR. 1976. Geochemistry of eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rocks from the Kastamonu area, Northern Turkey.Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology,58(1):63 -81
Reichow MK,Litvinovsky BA,Parrish RR and Saunders AD. 2010.Multi-stage emplacement of alkaline and peralkaline syenite-granite suites in the Mongolian-Transbaikalian Belt,Russia:Evidence from U-Pb eochronology and whole rock geochemistry. Chemical Geology,273(1 -2):120 -135
Rickwood PC. 1989. Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of Major and minor elements. Lithos,22(4):247 -263
Rollison HR. 2000. Petrogeochemistry. In:Yang XM,Yang XY and Chen SX (Trans.). Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China Press (in Chinese)
She HQ,Li JW,Xiang AP,Guan JD,Yang YC,Zhang DQ,Tan G and Zhang B. 2012. U-Pb ages of the zircons from primary rocks in middle-northern Daxing’anling and its implications to geotectonic evolution. Acta Petrologica Sinica,28(2):571 -594 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun DY,Wu FY,Zhang YB and Gao S. 2004. The final closing time of the west Lamulun River-Changchun-Yanji plate suture zone:Evidence from the Dayushan granitic pluton,Jilin Province. Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition),34(2):174 -181 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Sun DY,Gou J,Wang TH,Ren YS,Liu YJ,Guo HY,Liu XM and Hu ZC. 2013. Geochronological and geochemical constraints on the Erguna Massif basement,NE China-subduction history of the Mongol-Okhotsk oceanic crust. International Geology Review,55(14):1801 -1816
Sun SS and McDonough WF. 1989. Chemical and isotopic systematics of oceanic basalts:Implications for mantle composition and processes.In:Saunders AD and Norry MJ (eds.). Magmatism in the Ocean Basins. Geological Society,London,Special Publication,42(1):313 -345
Tang J,Xu WL,Wang F,Wang W,Xu MJ and Zhang YH. 2013.Geochronology and geochemistry of Neoproterozoic magmatism in the Erguna Massif,NE China:Petrogenesis and implications for the breakup of the Rodinia supercontinent. Precambrian Research,224:597 -611
Tang J,Xu WL,Wang F,Wang W,Xu MJ and Zhang YH. 2014.Geochronology and geochemistry of Early-Middle Triassic Magmatism in the Erguna Massif,NE China:Constraints on the tectonic evolution of the Mongol-Okhotsk Ocean. Lithos,184 -187:1 -16
Wang F,Zhou XH,Zhang LC,Ying JF,Zhang YT,Wu FY and Zhu RX. 2006. Late Mesozoic volcanism in the Great Xing’an range(NE China):Timing and implications for the dynamic setting of NE Asia. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,251(1 -2):179 -198
Wang F,Xu WL,Meng E,Cao HH and Gao FH. 2012a. Early Paleozoic Amalgamation of the Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range and Jiamusi Massifs in the eastern segment of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt:Geochronological and geochemical evidence from granitoids and rhyolites. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,49:234 -248
Wang F,Xu WL,Gao FH,Meng E,Cao HH,Zhao L and Yang Y.2012b. Tectonic history of the Zhangguangcailing Group in eastern Heilongjiang Province, NE China: Constraints from U-Pb geochronology of detrital and magmatic zircons. Tectonophysics,566-567:105 -122
Wang F,Xu WL,Gao FH,Zhang HH,Pei FP,Zhao L and Yang Y.2014. Precambrian terrane within the Songnen-Zhangguangcai Range Massif,NE China:Evidence from U-Pb ages of detrital zircons from the Dongfengshan and Tadong groups. Gondwana Research,26(1):402 -413
Wu FY,Sun DY,Li HM,Jahn BM and Wilde SA. 2002. A-type granites in northeastern China:Age and geochemical constraints on their petrogenesis. Chemical Geology,187(1 -2):143 -173
Wu FY,Yang YH,Xie LW,Yang JH and Xu P. 2006. Hf isotopic compositions of the standard zircons and baddeleyites used in U-Pb geochronology. Chemical Geology,234(1 -2):105 -126
Wu FY,Zhao GC,Sun DY,Wilde SA and Yang JH. 2007. The Hulan Group:Its role in the evolution of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt of NE China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,30(3 -4):542 -556
Wu FY,Sun DY,Ge WC,Zhang YB,Grant ML,Wilde SA and Jahn BM. 2011. Geochronology of the Phanerozoic granitoids in northeastern China. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,41(1):1 -30
Wu G,Chen YJ,Sun FY,Li JC,Li ZT and Wang XZ. 2008.Geochemistry of the Late Jurassic granitoids in the northern end area of Da Hinggan Mountains and their geological and prospecting implications. Acta Petrologica Sinica,24 (4):899 - 910 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu MJ,Xu WL,Wang F,Gao FH and Yu JJ. 2013. Geochronology and geochemistry of the Early Jurassic granitoids in the northwestern Lesser Xing’an Range,NE China and its tectonic implications. Acta Petrologina Sinica,29(2):354 - 368 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu P,Wu FY,Xie LW and Yang YH. 2004. Hf isotopic compositions of the standard zircons for U-Pb dating. Chinese Science Bulletin,49(15):1642 -1648
Xu WL,Ge WC,Pei FP,Meng E,Yu Y and Yang DB. 2008.Geochronological frame of Mesozoic volcanism in NE China and its significance. Bulletin of Mineralogy,Petrology and Geochemistry,27(Suppl.):286 -287 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Xu WL,Ji WQ,Pei FP,Meng E,Yu Y,Yang DB and Zhang XZ.2009. Triassic volcanism in eastern Heilongjiang and Jilin Provinces,NE China:Chronology,geochemistry,and tectonic implications.Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,34(3):392 -402
Xu WL,Pei FP,Wang F,Meng E,Ji WQ,Yang DB and Wang W.2013. Spatial-temporal relationships of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in NE China:Constraints on tectonic overprinting and transformations between multiple tectonic regimes. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences,74:167 -193
Xu WL,Wang F,Pei FP,Meng E,Tang J,Xu MJ and Wang W. 2013.Mesozoic tectonic regimes and regional ore-forming background in NE China:Constraints from spatial and temporal variations of Mesozoic volcanic rock associations. Acta Petrologica Sinica,29(2):339 -353 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Yang JH,Wu FY,Shao JA,Wilde SA,Xie LW and Liu XM. 2006.Constraints on the timing of uplift of the Yanshan Fold and Thrust Belt,North China. Earth and Planetary Science Letters,246(3 -4):336 -352
Yang W and Li SG. 2008. Geochronology and geochemistry of the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in western Liaoning:Implications for lithospheric thinning of the North China Craton. Lithos,102(1 -2):88 -117
Yu JJ,Wang F,Xu,WL,Gao FH and Pei FP. 2012. Early Jurassic mafic magmatism in the Lesser Xing’an-Zhangguangcai Range,NE China and its tectonic implications:Constrains from zircon U-Pb chronology and geochemistry. Lithos,142 -143:256 -266
Zeng T,Wang T,Guo L,Tong Y,Zhang JJ,Shi XJ,Zhang L and Li YF. 2011. Ages,origin and geological implications of Late Mesozoic granitoids in Xinkailing region,NE China. Journal of Jilin University(Earth Science Edition),41(6):1881 -1900 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhang CH,Li CM,Deng HL,Liu Y,Liu L,Wei B,Li HB and Liu Z.2011. Mesozoic contraction deformation in the Yanshan and northern Taihang Mountains and its implications to the destruction of the North China Craton. Science China (Earth Sciences),54(6):798 -822
Zhang JH,Ge WC,Wu FY,Wilde SA,Yang JH and Liu XM. 2008.Large-scale Early Cretaceous volcanic events in the northern Great Xing’an Range,northeastern China. Lithos,102(1 - 2):138-157
Zhang JH,Gao S,Ge WC,Wu FY,Yang JH,Wilde SA and Li M.2010. Geochronology of the Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Great Xing’an Range,northeastern China:Implications for subductioninduced delamination. Chemical Geology,276(3 -4):144 -165
Zhao HL,Deng JF,Chen FG,Hu Q and Zhao SK. 1996. Cenozoic volcanism,deep interior processes and continental rift basin formation in the northeastern China. Earth Science,21(6):615 -619 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Y,Yang ZY and Ma XH. 1994. Geotectonic transition from Paleoasian system and Paleotethyan system to Paleopacific active continental margin in eastern Asia. Scientia Geologica Sinica,29(2):105 -119 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Y,Xu G,Zhang SH,Yang ZY,Zhang YQ and Hu JM. 2004.Yanshanian movement and conversion of tectonic regimes in East Asia. Earth Science Frontiers,11(3):319 -328 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Y,Song B,Zhang SH and Liu J. 2006. Geochronology of the inherited zircons from Jurassic Nandaling basalt of the Western Hills of Beijing,North China:Its implications. Earth Science Frontiers,132(2):184 -190 (in Chinese with English abstract)
Zhao Z,Chi XG,Pan SY,Liu JF,Sun W and Hu ZC. 2010. Zircon UPb LA-ICP-MS dating of Carboniferous volcanics and its geological significance in the northwestern Lesser Xing’an Range. Acta Petrologica Sinica,26(8):2452 -2464 (in Chinese with English abstract)
附中文參考文獻
Rollison HR. 2000. 巖石地球化學. 楊學明,楊曉勇,陳雙喜譯. 合肥:中國科學技術大學出版社
程瑞玉,吳福元,葛文春,孫德有,柳小明,楊進輝. 2006. 黑龍江省東部饒河雜巖的就位時代與東北東部中生代構(gòu)造演化. 巖石學報,22(2):353 -376
崔芳華,鄭常青,徐學純,姚文貴,施璐,李娟,徐久磊. 2013. 大興安嶺全勝林場地區(qū)晚石炭世巖漿活動研究:對興安地塊與松嫩地塊拼合時間的限定. 地質(zhì)學報,87(9):1247 -1263
葛文春,李獻華,林強,孫德有,吳福元,尹成孝. 2001. 呼倫湖早白堊世堿性流紋巖的地球化學特征及其意義. 地質(zhì)科學,36(2):176 -183
何付兵,徐吉祥,谷曉丹,程新彬,魏波,李昭,梁亞南,王澤龍,黃淇. 2013. 內(nèi)蒙古東烏珠穆沁旗阿木古楞復式花崗巖體時代、成因及地質(zhì)意義. 地質(zhì)論評,59(6):1150 -1164
黑龍江省地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)局. 1993. 黑龍江省區(qū)域地質(zhì)志. 北京:地質(zhì)出版社,1 -734
黑龍江省地質(zhì)礦產(chǎn)局. 1997. 黑龍江省巖石地層. 武漢:中國地質(zhì)大學出版社,1 -298
李錦軼,牛寶貴,宋彪等. 1999. 長白山北段地殼的形成與演化. 北京:地質(zhì)出版社,1 -137
李錦軼,高立明,孫桂華,李亞萍,王彥斌. 2007. 內(nèi)蒙古東部雙井子中三疊世同碰撞殼源花崗巖的確定及其對西伯利亞與中朝古板塊碰撞時限的約束. 巖石學報,23(3):565 -582
李仰春,張克信,吳淦國,肖慶輝,楊曉平,張達,趙煥利,韓振哲,劉旭光. 2013. 大-小興安嶺接合部早-中侏羅世侵入巖SHRIMP鋯石U-Pb 定年及成因. 地質(zhì)通報,32(5):717 -729
劉健,趙越,柳小明. 2006. 冀北承德盆地髫髻山組火山巖的時代.巖石學報,22(11):2617 -2630
孟恩,許文良,楊德彬,邱昆峰,李長華,祝洪濤. 2011. 滿洲里地區(qū)靈泉盆地中生代火山巖的鋯石U-Pb 年代學,地球化學及其地質(zhì)意義. 巖石學報,27(4):1209 -1226
佘宏全,李進文,向安平,關繼東,楊鄖城,張德全,譚剛,張斌.2012. 大興安嶺中北段原巖鋯石U-Pb 測年及其與區(qū)域構(gòu)造演化關系. 巖石學報,28(2):571 -594
孫德有,吳福元,張艷斌,高山. 2004. 西拉木倫河-長春-延吉板塊縫合帶的最后閉合時間——來自吉林大玉山花崗巖體的證據(jù).吉林大學學報(地球科學版),34(2):174 -181
武廣,陳衍景,孫豐月,李景春,李之彤,王希今. 2008. 大興安嶺北端晚侏羅世花崗巖類地球化學及其地質(zhì)和找礦意義. 巖石學報,24(4):899 -910
徐美君,許文良,王楓,高福紅,于介江. 2013. 小興安嶺中部早侏羅世花崗質(zhì)巖石的年代學與地球化學及其構(gòu)造意義. 巖石學報,29(2):354 -368
許文良,葛文春,裴福萍,孟恩,于洋,楊德彬. 2008. 東北地區(qū)中生代火山作用的年代學格架及其構(gòu)造意義. 礦物巖石地球化學通報,27(增刊):286 -287
許文良,王楓,裴福萍,孟恩,唐杰,徐美君,王偉. 2013. 中國東北中生代構(gòu)造體制與區(qū)域成礦背景:來自中生代火山巖石組合時空變化的制約. 巖石學報,29(2):339 -353
曾濤,王濤,郭磊,童英,張建軍,史興俊,張磊,李永飛. 2011. 東北新開嶺地區(qū)晚古生代花崗巖類時代、成因及地質(zhì)意義. 吉林大學學報(地球科學版),41(6):1881 -1900
趙海玲,鄧晉福,陳發(fā)貴,胡泉,趙世柯. 1996. 東北地區(qū)新生代火山作用、深部作用與大陸裂谷型盆地. 地球科學,21(6):615-619
趙越,楊振宇,馬醒華. 1994. 東亞大地構(gòu)造發(fā)展的重要轉(zhuǎn)折. 地質(zhì)科學,29(2):105 -119
趙越,徐剛,張拴宏,楊振宇,張岳橋,胡健民. 2004. 燕山運動與東亞構(gòu)造體制的轉(zhuǎn)變. 地學前緣,11(3):319 -328
趙越,宋彪,張拴宏,劉健. 2006. 北京西山侏羅紀南大嶺組玄武巖的繼承鋯石年代學及其含義. 地學前緣,13(2):184 -190
趙芝,遲效國,潘世語,劉建峰,孫巍,胡兆初. 2010. 小興安嶺西北部石炭紀地層火山巖的鋯石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb 年代學及其地質(zhì)意義. 巖石學報,26(8):2452 -2464