陳傳光

文章是由句子和段落構(gòu)成的。在腹稿打好后，就可動(dòng)筆把原來(lái)列出的要點(diǎn)在草稿紙上寫(xiě)成句子，再連句成篇，這是最艱巨的階段，同學(xué)們要充分運(yùn)用所學(xué)的相近或相似的詞語(yǔ)和表達(dá)法，選擇自己較熟悉或拿手的句式來(lái)表達(dá)。同時(shí)要注意語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)尤其是動(dòng)詞人稱(chēng)、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)，避免錯(cuò)誤百出、語(yǔ)病成堆。對(duì)于有能力上更高層次的考生，可以適當(dāng)運(yùn)用復(fù)合句，如賓語(yǔ)從句、狀語(yǔ)從句、定語(yǔ)從句以及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，以增加文章的美感和說(shuō)服力。要使自己的文章通順、流暢、層次清楚，就必須恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠^(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)。下面就讓我們來(lái)認(rèn)識(shí)一下常見(jiàn)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：

1. 表時(shí)間的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：now， then， soon， before long， shortly after that， ...minutes later， just now， just then， suddenly， immediately， the moment， as soon as等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 一天下午，一些男孩在操場(chǎng)上踢足球，突然有個(gè)孩子跌倒了且傷了腿。

One afternoon when some boys were playing football on the playground， one of them fell over and hurt his leg.

→One afternoon some boys were playing football on the playground when one of them fell over and hurt his leg.

→One afternoon some boys were playing football on the playground. Suddenly one of them fell over and hurt his leg.

（2） 那個(gè)年輕人一看到孩子在水里掙扎，他就跳進(jìn)河里，五分鐘后孩子得救了。

When the young man saw a child struggling in the river， he jumped into the water immediately. Five minutes later， the child was saved.

→The young man jumped into the water as soon as he saw a child struggling in the river. After five minutes， the child was saved.

→The moment the young man saw a child struggling in the river， he jumped into the water and saved the child in five minutes.

2. 表順序及過(guò)程的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：first（ly）， first of all， second（ly）， at first， then， next， at last， finally等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 每天早晨我起床后有很多事要做，首先刷牙、洗臉，接著讀書(shū)，最后吃飯。

I have a lot of things to do after I get up every morning. First I brush my teeth， wash my face， then do some reading， at last / finally have breakfast.

→I have a lot of things to do after I get up every morning. Firstly， I brush my teeth， wash my face， secondly do some reading， finally have breakfast.

（2） 下午課后我們要進(jìn)行大掃除。首先我們把教室打掃一下，然后把門(mén)窗擦一下。

Well have a good cleaning after class this morning. First of all lets clean our classroom， and then well clean windows and doors.

3. 表轉(zhuǎn)折和讓步的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：but， （and） yet， instead， however， although， though， otherwise， or else， in spite of等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 爸爸雖然很忙，但他總是樂(lè)于幫我學(xué)英語(yǔ)。

Though / Although my father is very busy， he always likes to help me with my English.

→Though / Although my father is very busy， yet he always likes to help me with my English.

→My father is very busy， however， he always likes to help me with my English.

（2） 盡管他是個(gè)孩子，但他知道很多。

Though he is a child， he knows a lot.

→He is a child， but he knows a lot.

4. 表結(jié)果和原因的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：thus， therefore， so， so...that， so that， as a result， （un）fortunately， because等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 我認(rèn)為學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很重要，因?yàn)槭澜缟显S多國(guó)家都使用它。

I think it is important to study English well because it is used in many countries in the world.

→English is spoken in many countries in the world， so I think it is important to study it well.

（2） 我的語(yǔ)文老師夜以繼日地工作，結(jié)果病了。

My Chinese teacher works day and night. As a result， he gets ill.

→My Chinese teacher gets ill because he works day and night.

5. 表強(qiáng)調(diào)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：first of all， above all， indeed， surely， of course， after all， at least， at most等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 患難見(jiàn)真情。

A friend in need is a friend indeed.

（2） 那孩子不能上學(xué)，畢竟他才5歲。

The child isnt old enough to go to school. After all he is only five.

6. 表遞進(jìn)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：besides， whats more， in addition， even， once more， what was worse等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 爸爸是一個(gè)非常懶的人，在家根本不幫媽媽做家務(wù)，而且喜歡喝酒、打牌。

My father is a very lazy man. He doesnt help mother do housework at home at all. Whats more， he likes drinking and playing cards.

（2） 昨天放學(xué)后，天下著大雨。更糟糕的是，我沒(méi)帶雨傘。

It was raining hard after school yesterday. What was more， I had no umbrella with me.

7. 表解釋和說(shuō)明的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：in other words， that is to say， for example， and so on， such as， in ones opinion， believe it or not， to tell you the truth， according to this， for this reason等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 北京有許多名勝，如長(zhǎng)城、故宮和頤和園等。

There are many places of interest in Beijing， such as the Great Wall， the Palace Museum， and the Summer Palace and so on.

（2） 小明比班里任何一個(gè)學(xué)生都努力。換句話說(shuō)，他是班里最用功的學(xué)生。

Xiao Ming works harder than any other student in his class. In other words， he works hardest in his class.

8. 表總結(jié)的過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)：finally， in conclusion， in a word， in general， generally speaking， in short， as you / we know， in the end， in all等。

【經(jīng)典范例】

（1） 你知道，在我的老師幫助下，我在學(xué)習(xí)方面取得了很大進(jìn)步。

As you know， with the help of my teachers， Ive made great progress in my studies.

（2） 總之，在業(yè)余時(shí)間幫助父母做些家務(wù)是很必要的。

In a word， it is necessary to help our parents do some housework in our spare time.