Unit 3

一、重點(diǎn)單詞

1. Sinclair was blessed with brains and spent much of his time educating himself. （P34 L67）

辛科萊很聰明，他花了很多時(shí)間自學(xué)成材。

【點(diǎn)撥】 bless vt. 保佑，賜福于

May God bless you and keep you safe from harm. 愿上帝保佑你平安無事。

“be blessed with”意思是“賦有 （能力等），享有 （幸福等）”

Nicole has been blessed with a sense of humour. 尼科爾生來就有幽默感。

Though in his eighties， he is blessed with good health. 盡管他八十多歲了，身體卻很好。

2. In 1961， Sinclair resigned from his job and founded his own company， producing pocketsized radios.

【點(diǎn)撥】 resign v. 辭職，放棄，拋棄 （權(quán)利等）;讓出 （工作等）

“Thats why I decided to leave Afghanistan and resign from my job，” he said. 他表示：“這就是我之所以決定離開阿富汗并辭職的原因?！?/p>

I regret having to resign from my position. I wish you and ABC the best of luck and future success. 很遺憾我不得不辭職。祝您和ABC公司好運(yùn)相伴，未來更加興旺發(fā)達(dá)。

resign oneself to 聽任;只好 （做某事）

No resign oneself to being defeated. 不甘心于失敗。

3. tired

【點(diǎn)撥】 adj. 疲乏，累;（對(duì)……感到） 厭倦

It was clear that Paul was tired because he walked around all day. 保羅顯然很疲倦，因?yàn)樗瘟艘徽臁?/p>

be tired of 厭煩

Only after half a year， he was tired of working as a clerk in the company. 才過了半年，他就厭倦了公司職員的工作。

Im tired of practicing the violin， and Im going to give it a rest for a while. 我厭煩了練習(xí)小提琴，我想停下來休息一會(huì)。

tiring 使人疲倦的

It had been a long tiring day. 這一天讓人感到又累又長。

二、重點(diǎn)短語

1. —the man who brought technology to the man in the street. （title）

把科學(xué)技術(shù)帶給大眾的人

【點(diǎn)撥】 the man in the street“普通人”，“常人”，“大眾”。也可為“man on the street”。

2. As a result， he began designing and making things when he was very young. （P.1， L34） 因此，他很小的時(shí)候就開始設(shè)計(jì)和制造東西了。

Sinclairs reputation suffered as a result， but he is still respected for his earlier success. （P4， L43） 結(jié)果辛科萊的聲譽(yù)受到了影響，但仍然因?yàn)樵缙诘某晒κ艿阶鹁础?/p>

【點(diǎn)撥】 as a result & as a result of

as a result 是一個(gè)習(xí)慣短語，意思：因此，結(jié)果

As a result， the discussion was put off until next week. 結(jié)果討論被推遲到下星期。

as a result of 后面加名詞，意為：因?yàn)?、由于……的結(jié)果

The discussion was put off until next week as a result of the heavy snow. 由于大雪，討論被推遲到下星期。

【考點(diǎn)鏈接】

（1） Father was late for work ? ? the traffic jam， and ? ?， the boss blamed him for it.

A. as a result; as a result of

B. as a result of; as a result

C. as a result of; in other words

D. as a result; in other words

【解析】 短語辨析。as a result結(jié)果是;as a result of由于……;in other words換句話說;句意：由于交通擁擠，父親上班遲到了。結(jié)果，老板因此責(zé)備他了。根據(jù)句意說明B正確。

3. By the time he was ten years old， his teachers said that he was already so good at geometry， algebra and arithmetic that they could not teach him any more maths. （P1， L6）

By the end of eight months， Sinclair had sold more than 20，000ZX80 computers， making it a real hit.（P34 L 2627）八個(gè)月后，辛科萊已經(jīng)售出了超過2萬臺(tái)ZX80電腦，使它成為一時(shí)的熱門產(chǎn)品。

【點(diǎn)撥1】 跟下列這些時(shí)間狀語連用時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用什么時(shí)態(tài)？

By the time 到……為止（主句常用完成時(shí)）

By + 過去時(shí)間

現(xiàn)在時(shí)間

將來時(shí)間

主句 過去完成時(shí)

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

將來完成時(shí)

【考點(diǎn)鏈接】

① By the time Jane gets home， her aunt ? ? for London to attend a meeting.

A. will leave ? B. leaves

C. will have left ? ?D. left

【解析】 by the time Jane gets home，以一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表將來，所以主句用將來完成時(shí)，答案為C。

② The construction of the two new railway lines ? ? by now.

A. has completed B. have completed

C. have been completed D. has been completed

【解析】 因?yàn)榫渲杏衎y now， 所以用 D has been completed

【點(diǎn)撥2】 making it a real hit現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語

對(duì)比下列兩句：

① European soccer is played in more than 80 countries， making it the most popular game.

現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，前因后果。

② He hurried to the supermarket only to find that he didnt bring money with him.

動(dòng)詞不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語，意料之外的結(jié)果。

選擇正確答案：

① Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year， ? ? a record $57.65 a barrel on April 4.

A. have reached ? ?B. reaching

C. to reach ?D. to be reaching

【解析】 答案為B。現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語，是一種前因后果的表達(dá)。

② The news reporters hurried to the airport， only ? ? the film stars had left.

A. to tell ? ?B. to be told

C. telling ? ?D. told

【解析】 答案為B。動(dòng)詞不定式短語作結(jié)果狀語，意料之外的結(jié)果。

4. However， the man providing the money to start the company pulled out of the project at the last minute. （P2， L14）

【點(diǎn)撥1】 pull out of 退出，使脫離

They were so deeply involved in the matter that they found it hard to pull out. 他們?cè)谀莻€(gè)問題上陷得太深，難以自拔。

【點(diǎn)撥2】 the last minute （重大事情發(fā)生前的） 最后一刻，緊要關(guān)頭

It never occurred to them that Bob would change his mind at the last minute. 他們?cè)趺匆矝]想到鮑勃會(huì)在最后關(guān)頭改變主意。

5. When his company finally began production and put out advertisements for his radio， demand was high and the business simply took off. （P2， L18）

【點(diǎn)撥1】 put out

（1） 伸出;取出;出版; 公布

Leaders are expected to put out a communiqué of recommendations Saturday. 預(yù)計(jì)，與會(huì)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人將在周六公布相關(guān)的提議公報(bào)。

（2） 關(guān)掉，熄滅;撲滅

Put the light out before you go to bed.你睡覺之前請(qǐng)把燈關(guān)掉。

（3） 伸;拉出;射出;發(fā)送;放出

The doctor told him to put out his tongue.醫(yī)生要他伸出舌頭。

【歸納】 關(guān)于動(dòng)詞put的其他短語。

put短語：

put away 收拾起來，存起來;put down 記下，寫下，鎮(zhèn)壓;put off 延期，推遲;put on 穿上，戴上，上演;put out 撲滅;put... into 把……譯成;put up with 忍受;put up 搭起，架起，安裝，住宿，張貼，蓋起;put... through 接通電話;put forward提出 （要求、事實(shí)等）

6. When his company finally began production and put out advertisements for his radio， demand was high and the business simply took off.

【點(diǎn)撥1】 demand 名詞，意思是“需求”

There is a growing demand in China for environmentally friendly cars. 中國對(duì)環(huán)保型汽車的需求越來越大。

be in great demand = be in great need

【拓展1】 demand的動(dòng)詞意為“要求”、“需求”，通常為及物動(dòng)詞，其賓語可以是名詞、不定式、that 從句 （從句謂語通常為虛擬的）。

The workers also demanded higher wages. 工人們還要求提高工資。

She demanded to see the manager. 她要求見經(jīng)理。

They demanded that the right to vote be given to every adult man. 他們要求每個(gè)成年人都應(yīng)有選舉權(quán)。

【拓展2】 demand可后接不定式，但通常不接不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，若意義上需要這類結(jié)構(gòu)，可換成 that 從句或在 demand 后接 of。如：他要求她同我們一起去。

誤：Tom demanded her to go with us.

正：Tom demanded that she （should） go with us.

正：Tom demanded of her to go with us.

【點(diǎn)撥2】 take off （飛機(jī)） 起飛;出去，動(dòng)身，騰飛

Fortunately， nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again. 幸好什么也沒發(fā)現(xiàn)，五小時(shí)后，我們又能起飛了。

He always sits on the very edge of his chair when he is working， as though about to take off. 他工作的時(shí)候，總是坐在椅子邊上，好像隨時(shí)都會(huì)跳起身來的樣子。

His career finally took off at his forties. 他的事業(yè)在他四十歲的時(shí)候終于騰飛了。

【歸納】 take短語：

take away 拿走，使消失;take back 拿回，收回;take... for 誤以為……是;take down 記下，記錄;take on 雇用，呈現(xiàn) （新面貌等）; take notice of 注意;take in 接納，吸收，改小;take over接管，接替;take up 開始學(xué)，從事，占據(jù);take a photo of 拍……照片;take the place of 取代

Unit 4

一、重點(diǎn)單詞

1. spacious adj.

【點(diǎn)撥】 ① 廣闊的，寬敞的 ② （知識(shí)）廣博的，寬裕的 ③ 遼闊的，廣褒的

We entered a spacious dining room. 我們來到一個(gè)寬敞的餐廳。

Their dinning room is very spacious. 他們的餐廳很寬敞。

[拓展]

broad， spacious， wide

（1） broad ① 寬的，廣闊的 ② 廣泛的 ③ 寬宏的，豁達(dá)的，指身體部位寬肩、寬背;人的觀點(diǎn)和氣量

（2） spacious 遼闊的，廣褒的（經(jīng)常修飾空間）

（3） wide 表示睜大眼睛、張大嘴巴，還可以作副詞，表示“完全、大大地”

broad shoulders / back; with wide eyes

2. coach n.

【點(diǎn)撥】

1） 長途公共汽車 coach station長途汽車站

2） （普通）旅客車廂 I had to cross a number of coaches to reach the dining car.

我得穿過好幾節(jié)車廂才到餐車。

3）（運(yùn)動(dòng)隊(duì)的）教練;家庭教師

Our football team has got a very experienced coach.

我們的足球隊(duì)有了一個(gè)很有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的教練。

[拓展]

vt. 訓(xùn)練，指導(dǎo)，輔導(dǎo) [（+for / in）]

He coaches people for TOEFL examinations. 他指導(dǎo)人準(zhǔn)備托?？荚嚒?/p>

3. expect

【點(diǎn)撥】

expect to do sth.; expect sb. / sth. to do sth.; expect sth. from sb.; expect （that）; expect a lot / too much of sb. 對(duì)某人期望過高; expect sb. home / back 期待某人回來

（1） As is expected， the whole family was shocked by the news. （正如所料……）

（2） 這棟樓預(yù)計(jì)在下個(gè)月底完工。

It is expected that the building will have been completed by next month.

The building is expected to be completed by next month.

4. mean的用法

【點(diǎn)撥】

mean to do 打算做……; mean doing 意味著……; mean+雙賓語; mean+sb.+to do打算某人做……; had meant to do... 本打算做……（表未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望）

（1） To others， happiness means achieving success in something， such as meeting a goal. （M6U2 P18） 對(duì)其他人來說，幸福意味著獲得成功。

（2） I didnt mean to cheat. 我本不打算作弊的。

（3） He means what he says. 他說話是當(dāng)真的。

（4） 雖然她很生氣，但她對(duì)你無惡意。

Although she seemed angry， she meant you no harm.

（5） 我本打算幫你學(xué)英語的，但我太忙了。

I had meant to help you with your English， but I was very busy.

二、重點(diǎn)短語

1. After looking through numerous brochures， I decided on the East Canada Technology University， where I chose to study Civil Engineering， which is the study of how to build things like bridges and roads. （P50， Ls1621） 翻閱了大量的小冊(cè)子之后，我決定在東加拿大科技大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)土木工程，這是一門關(guān)于如何修建諸如橋梁、道路等設(shè)施的學(xué)科。

【點(diǎn)撥】 look through常見的意義

① Look through a window. 透過窗戶看去。

② Look through the enemys tricks. 識(shí)破敵人的種種花招。

③ look through sth.=examine or read sth. quickly. 快速檢查某事物/快速閱讀某物

④ Look through the papers， will you？ 請(qǐng)你看看那些文件好嗎？

⑤ Is it helpful to look through the newspaper？ 瀏覽報(bào)紙有幫助嗎？

She looked through / went through her notes before the midterm English examination. 她在英語期中考試前瀏覽了一下筆記。

[拓展] look的相關(guān)短語

1. 環(huán)視，往四周看look about / around / round; 2. look after照看;照顧; 3. look at （仔細(xì)） 察看，檢查;思考，考慮，研究; 4. look back （on sth.） 回顧; 5. look down on / upon... 輕視，看不起; 6. look for尋找; 7. look forward to （doing） sth. 盼望;期待; 8. look into 朝……里面看;調(diào)查; 9. look like... 看起來像; 10. look on旁觀; 11. look on / upon... as... 把……看成……; 12. look out （for sb. / sth.） 注意，提防，當(dāng)心; 13. look sth. over 查看;檢查; 14. look over ones shoulder 轉(zhuǎn)過頭來看; 15. look sb. in the eye 正視/直視某人; 16. look sb. up and down 上下打量某人; 17. look up 好轉(zhuǎn)，改善; 18. look up （from sth.） 抬頭看; 19. look sth. up in... （在字典或參考書中） 查閱; 20. look up to sb. 欽佩;仰慕;尊敬; 21. You dont look yourself today. 你今天氣色不好。

2. Moving to Canada meant making some big adjustments to my life. Although I knew everybody has to leave their nest at some point， leaving my family was the hardest part， and some people cannot handle being away from home. （P50， L25）

【點(diǎn)撥1】 make some big adjustments to

Studying abroad means to the youth living on their own and making some big adjustments to their life. 到國外學(xué)習(xí)對(duì)于青少年來說就意味著獨(dú)立生活，他們要對(duì)自己的生活做出一些重大的調(diào)整。

復(fù)習(xí)：使自己適應(yīng)于……：

adjust oneself to / adopt oneself to...

▲Ving（動(dòng)名詞）做主語、賓語是高考語法項(xiàng)目。

① All the staff in our company are considering ? ? to the city centre for the fashion show.

A. to go ? ?B. going

C. to have gone ? D. having gone

② Eugenes never willing to alter any of his opinions. Its no use ? ? with him.

A. to argue ? ?B. arguing

C. argued ? ? ? D. having argued

答案：B B

【點(diǎn)撥2】 at some point / moment 在某個(gè)時(shí)刻

Many people suffer from failure at some point （moment） in their life. 很多人在人生的某個(gè)階段都會(huì)遭遇失敗。

at all points 在各方面;on the point of doing sth. 就要做……;in point of 就……而言;off the point 離題的;to the point 中肯/切題的;go / get / wander off the point離題，不切題;Theres no / not much point in doing... 做……沒有用

【考點(diǎn)鏈接】

I have reached a point in my life ? ? I am supposed to make decisions of my own. （2009年浙江卷）

A. which ?B. where

C. how ? D. why

【解析】 這道題考查的是point 后的定語從句的關(guān)系詞，I am supposed to make decisions of my own at the point， 所以用where.

（對(duì)比） —Do you have anything to say for yourselves？ （2006年江西卷）

—Yes， theres one point ? ? we must insist on.

A. why ? B. where

C. how ?D. /

【解析】 這道題考查的point表示觀點(diǎn)的意思，后面從句中缺insist on的賓語，所以用which / that或省略，選D。

3. Now I am getting used to Canadian food， and believe it or not， my new favourite food is pepper steak. （P50， L44） 現(xiàn)在我已經(jīng)習(xí)慣了加拿大的食物。不管你信不信，我現(xiàn)在最喜歡的食物是芥末醬牛排。

【點(diǎn)撥1】 短語get used to 意為“習(xí)慣于……（= be used to= be accustomed to）”，后接sth. 或doing sth.;

Youll get used to your new job. 你很快就會(huì)習(xí)慣新工作的。

【點(diǎn)撥2】 believe it or not信不信由你

如：Believe it or not， we have decided on having a holiday at the seaside. 信不信由你，我們決定去海邊去度假。

4. Therefore， as well as advancing your education， we also have some of the best university sports in the country.

【點(diǎn)撥】 as well as 與動(dòng)詞連用時(shí)，其后可用Ving形式，此時(shí)相當(dāng)于in addition to。例如：

As well as breaking his leg， he hurt his arm. 他不但摔斷了腿，而且還傷了胳膊。

She sings as well as playing the piano. 她不但會(huì)彈鋼琴，而且會(huì)唱歌。

【拓展1】 由as well as 連接的復(fù)合主語并不影響謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)， 由as well as 前面部分決定。例如：

Helen as well as I is eager to see the performance. 海倫和我一樣急于要看演出。

【拓展2】 as well常用作狀語，作“又;也”解，相當(dāng)于too或also，常位于句末，無須用逗號(hào)與句子分開。如：

I am going to London and my sister is going as well （=going， too）. 我要到倫敦去，我妹妹也要去。

（作者：許秋梅，泰州市第三高級(jí)中學(xué)）