吳永華

Leading：

塑料袋污染已經(jīng)成為一大世界性環(huán)境難題。試看美國女藝術(shù)家Allita Irby如何另辟蹊徑，用廢棄的塑料袋打造藝術(shù)作品。

Making art with found materials is not a new idea. Recycled paper，cloth and metal goods can become important pictures and sculptures. Artist Allita Irbys colorful recycled artwork was on display at a museum near Washington，D.C. She uses a material found in every American home.

Plastic bags are not costly to produce. They are also strong and easy to carry. This is why they are a popular container in much of the world. But they are also a major source of pollution. It can take hundreds of years for plastic bags to break down. As they do，tiny pieces can poison soil，lakes，rivers and oceans. So，environmental experts urge people to reuse and recycle plastic bags.

Maryland artist Allita Irby does just that. It starts with the morning newspaper. Ms. Irby will read it later in the day. What is more important is getting that plastic bag in which the paper comes. The mixed media artist recognized its rich possibilities about three years ago.“As I was taking the newspaper out，I felt the texture of these bags，and they were soft. I just looked down and realized it takes three to make a braid.” Since then，Irby has been using plastic bags to create abstract① lines in her artwork. Before incorporating plastic bags in her pieces，Irby used natural materials like feathers，leather and dried plants. All those elements represent her native American ancestry and identity，like her piece called“Navaho Bundles”.

Ms. Irbys neighbors praise her ability to turn trash into treasure. Some，like Charlotte Hogan，asked the artist to teach them how to create art from used plastic bags.“I think its fascinating. I do plan to share with my seniors at my church.”Shirley Watts also lives in the neighborhood. She plans to show others her art. “I want to make a masterpiece② that I can put in a frame and put it up on my wall and then I know that I did it.”

Allita Irby says anyone can do it. “I think were all artists really，and there is beauty all around us.”The artist says all you have to do is open your eyes and bring the outside in.

Notes：

①abstract adj. 抽象的

②masterpiece n. 杰作

1. Plastic bags have become an environmental problem because ______.

A. they are commonly used by people over the world

B. they are poisonous and hard to break down

C. they exist in huge numbers

D. they block rivers，lakes and oceans

2. What does the underlined word“that” in Paragraph 3 refer to？

A. Creating pictures and sculptures.

B. Reading morning newspaper.

C. Recycling paper，cloth and metal goods.

D. Reusing and recycling plastic bags.

3. What special material does Allita Irby use for her artwork now？

A. The plastic bag containing the morning newspaper.

B. The morning newspaper in the plastic bag.

C. The hair from peoples braids.

D. The natural feathers and plants.

4. The materials Allita Irby has used before suggest that ______.

A. she doesnt like unnatural materials

B. she likes abstract artwork

C. she loves her native American culture

D. she is eager to find a new material

5. What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about？

A. Irbys art form is an easy way to appreciate beauty.

B. Irbys artwork is copied by her neighbors.

C. Plastic bag is the best artwork material.

D. Plastic bag will be welcomed by all artists.

答案與解析

1.答案為B。細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的第五、六句可知，塑料袋污染環(huán)境是由于其不易分解且有毒。

2.答案為D。詞義推斷題。由第二段的末句和第三段的第一句可知，Allita Irby所做之事正是回收和重復(fù)使用塑料袋。

3.答案為A。細節(jié)理解題。由第三段可知，Allita Irby使用的特殊材料是用于裝晨報的塑料袋。

4.答案為C。推理判斷題。由第三段的最后一句可知，Allita Irby以前使用的材料都顯示了她的美洲土著根源和身份，因此可以推斷她熱愛自己的美洲土著文化。

5.答案為A。主旨大意題。由最后兩段鄰居們對Allita Irby的藝術(shù)形式的推崇、模仿，以及Allita Irby對于美的論斷可知，Allita Irby的藝術(shù)形式讓人們能夠更容易地創(chuàng)造美、享受美。

【長難句分析】

1. Since then，Irby has been using plastic bags to create abstract lines in her artwork.

分析：本句含現(xiàn)在完成進行時has been using，表示“從過去到現(xiàn)在一直在用，并有可能持續(xù)到將來”。

句意：從那時候起，Irby一直把塑料袋用在她的藝術(shù)作品中創(chuàng)作抽象線條。

2. I want to make a masterpiece that I can put in a frame and put it up on my wall and then I know that I did it.

分析：本句為并列主從復(fù)合句，主干為并列句“I want to make a masterpiece ... and put it ... and then I know ...”。第一個從句that I can put in a frame為定語從句，修飾先行詞a masterpiece，第二個從句that I did it為賓語從句，作動詞know的賓語。

句意：我想制作一幅放在框架中的杰作，把它掛在墻上，然后我就知道它是我創(chuàng)作的。

【語法點撥】

It can take hundreds of years for plastic bags to break down.

分析：本句由it作形式主語，to break down作真正的主語，構(gòu)成句型“It takes（sb.）some time to do ...”。類似的以it作形式主語的句型還有“Its + adj./n.+ to do/doing/that ...”和“Its said/reported ... that ...”等。

句意：塑料袋可能需要成百上千年才能分解。

（作者單位：貴州遵義市四中）

（責(zé)任編校 彭益）