王正勛

考點一：until充當(dāng)連詞或介詞

until作連詞時，后面一般接從句，表示時間。until作介詞時，后面一般接名詞或代詞。

1. She did not know that the man was there ______ he spoke.

A. when B. until C. after D. once

解析：答案為B。句意為“直到那個人說話，她才知道他在那里”。until符合句意。

2. This shop will be closed for repairs ______ further notice.

A. with B. until C. for D. at

解析：答案為B。句意為“在另行通知前，這家店將停業(yè)維修”。until further notice表示“在另行通知前”。

考點二：not until結(jié)構(gòu)的倒裝

not until結(jié)構(gòu)位于句首，主句應(yīng)用部分倒裝。

3. Not until he went through real hardship ______ the love we have for our families is important.

A. had he realized B. did he realize

C. he realized D. he had realized

解析：答案為B。此題考查not until句型的倒裝，其句型為“Not until +從句+助動詞+主語+謂語+其他”，主句謂語動詞動作發(fā)生在從句謂語動詞動作之后，用一般過去時態(tài)。

4. Not until he retired from teaching three years ago______ having a holiday abroad.

A. he had considered B. had he considered

C. he considered D. did he consider

解析：答案為D。not until位于句首時句子要倒裝，consider having a holiday abroad這個動作發(fā)生在retire之后，所以用一般過去時。

考點三：not until結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)

在not until結(jié)構(gòu)中，如果對until引導(dǎo)的狀語進(jìn)行強調(diào)，用“It+is/was+ not until+狀語+that+句子其余部分”。

5. It was not until near the end of the letter ______ she mentioned her own plan.

A. that B. where C. why D. when

解析：答案為A。此處考查not until結(jié)構(gòu)的強調(diào)。

6. It was not until I came here______ I realized this place was famous，for not only its beauty but also its weather.

A. who B. that C. where D. before

解析：答案為B。把it was及空格去掉后，句子仍然完整。強調(diào)句型缺少連接詞 that，因此答案為B。

考點四：until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句的時態(tài)

until引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句時，時間狀語從句常用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時，用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時。

7. —When shall we restart our business？

—Not until we ______ our plan.

A. will finish B. are finishing

C. are to finish D. have finished

解析：答案為D。此處為not until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句， 用現(xiàn)在完成時代替將來完成時。

8. Dont open the door until the car ______.

A. stop B. stops

C. stopped D. will stop

解析：答案為B。此處為until引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句，用一般現(xiàn)在時代替一般將來時。

（作者單位：福建泉州市泉港二中）

（責(zé)任編校 筑彭益）