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新目標(biāo)英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)(上)Unit 6知識(shí)要點(diǎn)精講

2008-11-27 08:56劉曉麗
關(guān)鍵詞:同位語(yǔ)或事物比較級(jí)

劉曉麗

形容詞比較級(jí)用法攻略

【形容詞比較級(jí)適用范圍】

1. 表示兩者(人或事物)之間一方在某一方面超過(guò)或不及另一方時(shí),要用比較級(jí)。例如:

It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。

I am taller than Ted. 我的個(gè)子比特德的高。

This black pen is less expensive than that white one. 這支黑色鋼筆沒(méi)有那支白色的貴。

2. 同級(jí)比較。用形容詞的原級(jí)也可以進(jìn)行兩者之間的比較。

①“not as / so+原級(jí)+as ...”表示前者不如后者。例如:

This story is not as / so long as that one. 這個(gè)故事沒(méi)有那個(gè)故事長(zhǎng)。

→That story is longer than this one. 那個(gè)故事比這個(gè)故事長(zhǎng)。

=This story is shorter than that one. 這個(gè)故事比那個(gè)故事短。

②“as+原級(jí)+as”句式表示兩者沒(méi)有區(qū)別。例如: Her hair is as long as mine. 她的頭發(fā)和我的一樣長(zhǎng)。

特別提醒

1. 在形容詞比較級(jí)前可以加上much或a little等修飾詞來(lái)表示程度,“much+比較級(jí)”意為“更……得多”;“a little+比較級(jí)”意為“更……一點(diǎn)兒”。例如: Our classroom is much bigger than theirs. 我們的教室比他們的(教室)大得多。

Im a little more outgoing than my younger sister. 我比我妹妹更外向一點(diǎn)兒。

2. 當(dāng)兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí),比較的對(duì)象必須是同類(lèi)事物,否則是不能進(jìn)行比較的。下面,我們以“冬季,北京的天氣比廣東的(天氣)冷得多。”一句為例:

【誤】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than Guangdong.

【正】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangdong.

【析】第一句之所以有誤,是因?yàn)樗鼘ⅰ氨本┑奶鞖?the weather in Beijing)”與“廣東(Guangdong)”作比較,“天氣”與“城市”不屬于同類(lèi)事物,是不能進(jìn)行比較的。正確的表達(dá)方法應(yīng)在Guangdong的前面加上that in,即表示the weather in Guangdong。

3. 表達(dá)人或事物自身程度的逐漸變化,用“比較級(jí)+ and +比較級(jí)”。例如:

As winter is coming, the day is getting shorter and shorter. 冬天快來(lái)了,白天變得越來(lái)越短。

4. “the +比較級(jí)...,the +比較級(jí)”意為“越……,越……”。例如:

The more he eats, the fatter he gets. 他越吃越胖。

【用法延伸】

1. 當(dāng)屬同一范圍的人或事物之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí),注意要在than后(表示比較對(duì)象的名詞前)加上any other+單數(shù)名詞或代詞,否則就會(huì)出現(xiàn)與自身比較的矛盾現(xiàn)象。請(qǐng)看例句:伊萊扎比她所在班級(jí)里的其他任何一個(gè)同學(xué)更內(nèi)向。

【誤】 Eliza is quieter than any student in her class. (包括她自己)

【正】 Eliza is quieter than any other student in her class. (不包括她自己)

2. 當(dāng)比較的雙方不在同一范圍內(nèi)時(shí),則不必加any other。例如:

China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國(guó)比非洲任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都大。(中國(guó)不在非洲境內(nèi),故any后不需要加other)

【過(guò)關(guān)斬將】

Ⅰ. 寫(xiě)出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。

outgoing ___________calm ___________

athletic ___________tall ___________

wild ___________thin ___________

heavy __________short ___________

small __________big ___________

nice ___________smart ___________

quiet __________serious ___________

many ___________old ______________

Ⅱ. 選擇填空。

( )1. My little brother is ______ taller than I.

A. few B. more C. a little D. many

( )2. Which question is ______, the first one or the second one?

A. easy B. easier C. easyer D. easiest

( )3. Look at those two little boys over there!Who is ______?

A. much old B. older

C. oldder D. little old

( )4. His English is ______ than mine.

A. good B. much good

C. better D. best

( )5. Tinas clothes is ______ beautiful than mine.

A. very B. more C. most D. much

( )6. Pedro is ______ in his class.

A. taller than any student

B. taller than any other student

C. tall than any student

D. tall than any other student

( )7. In summer, the weather in Beijing is ______.

A. much hotter than that in Hunan

B. much hot than that in Hunan

C. much hotter than in Hunan

D. much hot than that in Hunan

( )8. —This novel is too boring. Shall we play a game instead?

—Sounds great! Thats ______ than reading a book.

A. more better B. very good

C. extremely great D. much better

( )9. —Hi, Jackson! How can you improve your English so much?

—Oh, nothing difficult. The ______ you work at it, the ______ progress you will make.

A. more hardly; more B. harder; great

C. harder; more D. hardlier; greater

( )10. —Doctor, how can I lose weight?

—If you want to be thinner and healthier, youd better eat ______ food and take ______ exercise.

A. more; fewer B. more; less

C. less; more D. fewer; more

【學(xué)以致用】

Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)選擇。

( )1. —Oh, these two books are pretty interesting. Its too difficult to choose which one to buy.

—Why not take ______? I wont read them this month.

A. any B. either C. all D. both

( )2. —How do you think of Jeans Corner and Trendy Teens?

—They ______ good stores.

A. are both B. are all C. both are D. all are

( )3. —Do you speak English or French in Canada?

—______. But I prefer French.

A. All B. Either C. Neither D. Both

( )4. —My brother has two children. And ______ of

them live with him.

—Oh, really? Thats a big family!

A. each B. neither C. either D. both

( )5. —Do you like the pop star Jay or the movie star

Jackie?

—______. I am their fan.

A. Each B. Neither C. All D. Both

( )6. —Which of the twin brothers is a doctor?

—______ are.

A. All B. Either C. Each D. Both

( )7. Isabel and I ______ have long hair.

A. all B. either C. both D. neither

both用法知多少?

不定代詞both意為“兩者;兩者都”,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。例如:

Both of us want to go there. 我們兩個(gè)人都想去那兒。(作主語(yǔ))

We invited both to come to our farm. 我們邀請(qǐng)兩個(gè)人都來(lái)我們的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。(作賓語(yǔ))

We both like to eat fish. 我們兩個(gè)人都喜歡吃魚(yú)。(作同位語(yǔ))

They both like swimming. 他們兩個(gè)都喜歡游泳。(作同位語(yǔ))

Both the teachers are here. 兩位老師都在這里。(作定語(yǔ))

both可以直接修飾名詞,當(dāng)名詞前有限定詞時(shí),則只能用both of。例如:

Both brothers are clever. 兄弟倆都很聰明。 Both of the books are interesting. 兩本書(shū)都很有趣。

●both的反義詞為neither。

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