劉曉麗
形容詞比較級(jí)用法攻略
【形容詞比較級(jí)適用范圍】
1. 表示兩者(人或事物)之間一方在某一方面超過(guò)或不及另一方時(shí),要用比較級(jí)。例如:
It is much colder today than yesterday. 今天比昨天冷多了。
I am taller than Ted. 我的個(gè)子比特德的高。
This black pen is less expensive than that white one. 這支黑色鋼筆沒(méi)有那支白色的貴。
2. 同級(jí)比較。用形容詞的原級(jí)也可以進(jìn)行兩者之間的比較。
①“not as / so+原級(jí)+as ...”表示前者不如后者。例如:
This story is not as / so long as that one. 這個(gè)故事沒(méi)有那個(gè)故事長(zhǎng)。
→That story is longer than this one. 那個(gè)故事比這個(gè)故事長(zhǎng)。
=This story is shorter than that one. 這個(gè)故事比那個(gè)故事短。
②“as+原級(jí)+as”句式表示兩者沒(méi)有區(qū)別。例如: Her hair is as long as mine. 她的頭發(fā)和我的一樣長(zhǎng)。
特別提醒
1. 在形容詞比較級(jí)前可以加上much或a little等修飾詞來(lái)表示程度,“much+比較級(jí)”意為“更……得多”;“a little+比較級(jí)”意為“更……一點(diǎn)兒”。例如: Our classroom is much bigger than theirs. 我們的教室比他們的(教室)大得多。
Im a little more outgoing than my younger sister. 我比我妹妹更外向一點(diǎn)兒。
2. 當(dāng)兩者之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí),比較的對(duì)象必須是同類(lèi)事物,否則是不能進(jìn)行比較的。下面,我們以“冬季,北京的天氣比廣東的(天氣)冷得多。”一句為例:
【誤】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than Guangdong.
【正】 In winter, the weather in Beijing is much colder than that in Guangdong.
【析】第一句之所以有誤,是因?yàn)樗鼘ⅰ氨本┑奶鞖?the weather in Beijing)”與“廣東(Guangdong)”作比較,“天氣”與“城市”不屬于同類(lèi)事物,是不能進(jìn)行比較的。正確的表達(dá)方法應(yīng)在Guangdong的前面加上that in,即表示the weather in Guangdong。
3. 表達(dá)人或事物自身程度的逐漸變化,用“比較級(jí)+ and +比較級(jí)”。例如:
As winter is coming, the day is getting shorter and shorter. 冬天快來(lái)了,白天變得越來(lái)越短。
4. “the +比較級(jí)...,the +比較級(jí)”意為“越……,越……”。例如:
The more he eats, the fatter he gets. 他越吃越胖。
【用法延伸】
1. 當(dāng)屬同一范圍的人或事物之間進(jìn)行比較時(shí),注意要在than后(表示比較對(duì)象的名詞前)加上any other+單數(shù)名詞或代詞,否則就會(huì)出現(xiàn)與自身比較的矛盾現(xiàn)象。請(qǐng)看例句:伊萊扎比她所在班級(jí)里的其他任何一個(gè)同學(xué)更內(nèi)向。
【誤】 Eliza is quieter than any student in her class. (包括她自己)
【正】 Eliza is quieter than any other student in her class. (不包括她自己)
2. 當(dāng)比較的雙方不在同一范圍內(nèi)時(shí),則不必加any other。例如:
China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國(guó)比非洲任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都大。(中國(guó)不在非洲境內(nèi),故any后不需要加other)
【過(guò)關(guān)斬將】
Ⅰ. 寫(xiě)出下列形容詞的比較級(jí)形式。
outgoing ___________calm ___________
athletic ___________tall ___________
wild ___________thin ___________
heavy __________short ___________
small __________big ___________
nice ___________smart ___________
quiet __________serious ___________
many ___________old ______________
Ⅱ. 選擇填空。
( )1. My little brother is ______ taller than I.
A. few B. more C. a little D. many
( )2. Which question is ______, the first one or the second one?
A. easy B. easier C. easyer D. easiest
( )3. Look at those two little boys over there!Who is ______?
A. much old B. older
C. oldder D. little old
( )4. His English is ______ than mine.
A. good B. much good
C. better D. best
( )5. Tinas clothes is ______ beautiful than mine.
A. very B. more C. most D. much
( )6. Pedro is ______ in his class.
A. taller than any student
B. taller than any other student
C. tall than any student
D. tall than any other student
( )7. In summer, the weather in Beijing is ______.
A. much hotter than that in Hunan
B. much hot than that in Hunan
C. much hotter than in Hunan
D. much hot than that in Hunan
( )8. —This novel is too boring. Shall we play a game instead?
—Sounds great! Thats ______ than reading a book.
A. more better B. very good
C. extremely great D. much better
( )9. —Hi, Jackson! How can you improve your English so much?
—Oh, nothing difficult. The ______ you work at it, the ______ progress you will make.
A. more hardly; more B. harder; great
C. harder; more D. hardlier; greater
( )10. —Doctor, how can I lose weight?
—If you want to be thinner and healthier, youd better eat ______ food and take ______ exercise.
A. more; fewer B. more; less
C. less; more D. fewer; more
【學(xué)以致用】
Ⅲ. 單項(xiàng)選擇。
( )1. —Oh, these two books are pretty interesting. Its too difficult to choose which one to buy.
—Why not take ______? I wont read them this month.
A. any B. either C. all D. both
( )2. —How do you think of Jeans Corner and Trendy Teens?
—They ______ good stores.
A. are both B. are all C. both are D. all are
( )3. —Do you speak English or French in Canada?
—______. But I prefer French.
A. All B. Either C. Neither D. Both
( )4. —My brother has two children. And ______ of
them live with him.
—Oh, really? Thats a big family!
A. each B. neither C. either D. both
( )5. —Do you like the pop star Jay or the movie star
Jackie?
—______. I am their fan.
A. Each B. Neither C. All D. Both
( )6. —Which of the twin brothers is a doctor?
—______ are.
A. All B. Either C. Each D. Both
( )7. Isabel and I ______ have long hair.
A. all B. either C. both D. neither
both用法知多少?
不定代詞both意為“兩者;兩者都”,在句中可作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)或定語(yǔ)。例如:
Both of us want to go there. 我們兩個(gè)人都想去那兒。(作主語(yǔ))
We invited both to come to our farm. 我們邀請(qǐng)兩個(gè)人都來(lái)我們的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。(作賓語(yǔ))
We both like to eat fish. 我們兩個(gè)人都喜歡吃魚(yú)。(作同位語(yǔ))
They both like swimming. 他們兩個(gè)都喜歡游泳。(作同位語(yǔ))
Both the teachers are here. 兩位老師都在這里。(作定語(yǔ))
both可以直接修飾名詞,當(dāng)名詞前有限定詞時(shí),則只能用both of。例如:
Both brothers are clever. 兄弟倆都很聰明。 Both of the books are interesting. 兩本書(shū)都很有趣。
●both的反義詞為neither。