孫愛坤
插入語通常與句中其它成分沒有語法上的關(guān)系,一般用逗號(hào)與句子隔開,用來表示說話者對(duì)句子所表達(dá)的意思的態(tài)度。常見的插入語的用法有以下幾種:
一、表示自己的看法、態(tài)度或推測(cè)。
可用作這類插入語的有:I hope(我希望),in ones opinion(在某人看來),I think(我認(rèn)為),I believe(我相信),I guess(我猜想),it seems to me(照我看來),to tell the truth(老實(shí)說),I am afraid(我想),personally(就我個(gè)人而言),generally speaking(一般說來),as/so far as I know(就我所知)等。
Personally,I dont like this painting.就我個(gè)人而言,我不喜歡這幅畫。
In my opinion,the time is not yet ripe for it.依我看,時(shí)機(jī)尚未成熟。
二、表示對(duì)事物的肯定或強(qiáng)調(diào)。
可用作這類插入語的有:to be sure(確實(shí)、的確),of course(當(dāng)然),in fact(事實(shí)上),undoubtedly(毫無疑問),certainly(當(dāng)然),needless to say(不用說)等。
Mr.Smith isnt rich,to be sure,he is a gentleman.的確,史密斯先生并不富有,但他是個(gè)紳士。
Of course,he did not succeed for the lack of experience.當(dāng)然,他由于缺乏經(jīng)驗(yàn)而未成功。
三、用來轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)掝}。
可用作這類插入語的有:by the way (順便說),incidentally(順便提一句),however(然而)等。
By the way,I have something to tell you.
我順便有些事情告訴你。
Incidentally,if you want that book Ill bring it next time.順便提一句,如果你想要那本書,下次我給你帶來。
四、引起對(duì)方注意地觀察、傾聽或思考。
這類插入語有:dont you think(你說是吧),you know(你知道),you see(你瞧),dont you know(你是知道的,不是嗎?)等。
Their performance was wonderful,dont you think?他們的表演非常精彩,你說是吧?
They can make the most intricate instruments now,you know.你知道,他們現(xiàn)在能制造非常復(fù)雜的儀表了。
五、表示解釋或說明。
這類插入語有:that is (to say)(也就是說),in other words(換句話說),so to speak(可以說),as it were(可以說)等。
We left university last month,that is to say,in May this year.我們上個(gè)月離開學(xué)校,也就是說,今年五月份。
He is,so to speak,an upstart.可以說,他是個(gè)暴發(fā)戶。
六、表示語意未盡。
這類插入語有:(and)whats more(而且),in addition(另外),and moreover(另外),besides(而且),most important of all(最重要的是),(and)what is worse,worse still(更糟的是)等。
They were brave,and whats more,they hated violence.他們很勇敢,而且他們厭惡暴力。
The price is too high,and moreover,the house isnt in a suitable position.房?jī)r(jià)太高,另外,房子的位置也不好。
七、表示總結(jié)和概括。
這類插入語有:to sum up(概括地說),in short(總而言之),in conclusion(總之),all in all(總的說來),in a word(簡(jiǎn)而言之),on the whole(總而言之)等。
To sum up,success results from hard work.概括地說,成功是艱苦工作的結(jié)果。
The book is,in short,the best Ive read.總而言之,這本書是我讀過的最好的一本。★