王　丹

中考英語試題常涉及到形容詞的用法?，F(xiàn)結(jié)合實(shí)例，將使用形容詞時(shí)容易出錯(cuò)的地方加以歸納，希望能對(duì)同學(xué)們的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助。

錯(cuò)誤之一： V-ing 形容詞和V-ed形容詞的混用

1. 你聽到這個(gè)激動(dòng)人心的消息沒有？

誤： Have you heard of the excited news？

正： Have you heard of the exciting news？

2. 我對(duì)這個(gè)故事感到吃驚。

誤： I am surprising at the story.

正： I am surprised at the story.

析： V-ing形容詞意為“令人……的”，指事物對(duì)人的影響； V-ed形容詞意為“(人)感到……的”，指人對(duì)事物的感受，主語一般是人，常用于“sb + be + V-ed形容詞 + 介詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中。例1中形容詞所修飾的是news。 news不能自己感到“激動(dòng)(excited)”，卻可以“令人激動(dòng)(exciting)”； 例2中的主語是人，所以應(yīng)將surprising改為surprised。

［知識(shí)歸納］ 初中階段學(xué)到的類似形容詞還有interesting/interested，pleasing/pleased，frightening/frightened，moving/moved，tiring/tired，boring/bored，amazing/amazed等。

錯(cuò)誤之二：兩個(gè)比較對(duì)象不能相比

3. 上海的人口比北京的人口多。

誤： The population of Shanghai is larger than Beijing.

正： The population of Shanghai is larger than that of Beijing.

4. 昆明的天氣比沈陽的好。

誤： The weather in Kunming is nicer than Shenyang.

正： The weather in Kunming is nicer than that of Shenyang.

析： 例3中，上海的人口不能和北京這個(gè)城市相比。例4中，昆明的天氣只能和沈陽的天氣相比，不能和沈陽這個(gè)城市相比。所以than后面應(yīng)加上替代詞that，才能進(jìn)行比較。

錯(cuò)誤之三：同一范圍內(nèi)比較對(duì)象相互重復(fù)

5. 他比班里其他同學(xué)來得都早。

誤： He comes earlier than any student in our class.

正： He comes earlier than any other student in our class.

6. 中國比非洲任何國家都大。

誤： China is bigger than any other country in Africa.

正： China is bigger than any country in Africa.

析： 在同一范圍內(nèi)進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，比較的雙方應(yīng)該界限分明，不能包括自身在內(nèi)。例5中應(yīng)在any后加other，目的就是要把“He”排除在外。但在不同范圍內(nèi)對(duì)人或同一性質(zhì)的事物進(jìn)行比較時(shí)，則不用other。 例6中，由于中國屬于亞洲，而被比較者卻是另一范圍內(nèi)的國家，因此必須去掉any后面的other。

錯(cuò)誤之四：形容詞修飾不定代詞時(shí)的位置錯(cuò)誤

7. 今天的報(bào)紙你最好別看，因?yàn)樯厦鏇]有什么特別的東西。

誤： Youd better not read todays newspaper because there is special nothing in it.

正： Youd better not read todays newspaper because there is nothing special in it.

8. 約翰，請(qǐng)到這兒來。我有重要的事情告訴你。

誤： John，come here. I have important something to tell you.

正： John，come here. I have something important to tell you.

析： 形容詞修飾something，everything，anything和nothing不定代詞等時(shí)，應(yīng)位于其后，即作后置定語。故例7中的special nothing應(yīng)改為nothing special； 例8中的important something應(yīng)改為something important。

錯(cuò)誤之五：形容詞最高級(jí)前定冠詞the的誤用

9. 他是我們最好的老師。

誤： He is our the best teacher.

正： He is our best teacher.

析： 形容詞最高級(jí)前有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格作定語修飾時(shí)，最高級(jí)前面可以不加the。

錯(cuò)誤之六：作表語用的形容詞誤作定語

10. 他是個(gè)孤獨(dú)的人。

誤： He is an alone man.

正： He is alone.

析： 一般情況下形容詞既可以作定語，又能作表語和賓語補(bǔ)足語，但是以“a-”開頭的形容詞在句中只能作表語。

［知識(shí)歸納］ 有類似用法的形容詞還有：alike，afraid，alive，awake，asleep等。

練一練：

1. You may be____ if you have a____ problem.

A. exciting； excitedB. excited； exciting

C. worrying； worriedD. worried； worrying

2. —You look____ today，Julia!

—Yeah，Ive got an MP3. Its a birthday present from my parents.

A. sad B. worried C. happy D. tried

3. Marys____ brother is a doctor. He is kind to every patient.

A. the eldest B. old C. eldest D. the elder

4. —Where would you like to go on vacation？

—Id love to go____ .

A. somewhere relaxingB. anywhere relaxed

C. somewhere relaxedD. anywhere relaxing

5. —What are you going to give your mother for her birthday？

—Im not sure. But Ill buy her____ .

A. special anythingB. anything special

C. special somethingD. something special

6. —Are you afraid of____ at home，Linda？

—No，Ive grown up.

A. alone B. being alone

C. lonely D. being lonely

7. —Johns dog died last week. That made him very____ .

—Poor boy! He love it very much.

A. sad B. pleased C. easy D. interesting

8. Shanghai is bigger than____ in Australia.

A. any city B. any cities

C. any other city D. any other cities

9. The man looked at me with a____ smile.

A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendlily

10. The boy was so attracted by the computer games that he forgot____ .

A. nothing elseB. anything else

C. something elseD. everything else

Key： 1-5 DCCAD 6-10 BAACB